Paisagens sonoras, tempos e autoformação

Les sociétés actuelles vivent des temps de vitesse, de l'individualisme, de l'absence d'enracinement historique: en harmonie avec le processus de formation de la civilisation du monde occidental contemporain profondément marqué par le paradigme de la globalisation. La pollution visuelle et sonore des grandes villes est, en même temps, l'expression de la pollution des sens et des affections humaines. En reflétant sur ce processus, la thèse discuter em faveur d'une formation réglée dans la logique du sensible qu'il a dans l'écouter près de la nature (Lévi-Strauss) un de leurs piliers épistémologiques ondamentales. Cette forme de penser et vivre reconnaît dans l'autoformation (Edgar Morin), et dans l'exercice de construction, par le sujet, de leurs propres paysages sonores (Murray Schafer), deux opérateurs cognitifs capables de nourrir les principes de la diversité, complexité, interdépendance et respect à la nature (Fritjof Capra). Dans le parcours argumentatif de la thèse gagnent emphase les savoirs de la tradition, les pratiques et les connaissances produites par les sociétés le plus proche de la nature qui, par des stratégies cognitives ouvertes et des polyphoniques, donnent importance aux facultés sensibles et à la complémentarité des deux itinéraires de la pensée: symbolique/mythologique/magique et empirique/technique/rationnel (Edgar Morin). Proche d'une perspective autobiographique, la thèse se présente dans la forme narrative d'un registre avec des évocations poétiques, philosophiques et musicales germées de l'écouter d'un paysage particulier, la Lagon du Piató, localisé dans la région de l'Assu (Rio Grande do Norte) et, en particulier, des récits et des évocations de mémoire d'un de leurs habitants auxlesquels nous pourrions appeler d'un philosophe de la nature , Francisco Lucas da Silva (Chico Lucas). Ensuite, ils sont décrits non-place (Marc-Augé) des scénarios métropolitains, en discutant ainsi les excès de pollution sonore, visuelle et de l'afection. En ayant comme estimé une éducation complexe ancrée dans non séparation il entre réforme de l'éducation et reforme de la pensée, de la formation et autoformation (Edgar Morin), à la fin, la thèse propose des ateliers d'expérimentation de l'écouter sensible entre des jeunes et des enfants sur le contexte scolaire, en pariant dans les futures générations (Ilya Prigogine) pour la reconstruction d'un monde plus juste et solidaire

O mundo criado pelas imagens: paisagens e espaços coloniais na obra do holandês Frans Post

The aims of this dissertation is to study formation of the Dutch view seeing the colonial scenery in screens by Frans Post, as well as, to perceive a colonial world constitution through landscape paintings by him with his natural and human representation. The artist was the first to portray South American views, after he landed in Pernambuco with retinue of Dutch governor of colony, John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen. Post, by his 24 years old, was designated to represent for Dutch people their colony. The text reflects on visual construction of natural and human aspects in landscapes by Dutchman and how that aspects were included in colonizer imaginary about the strange world of America. European (Dutch) look about their conquered possessions in the New World was charged with exoticism and imagination. In order to understand that view, it`s paramount to study imaginary pictures reared by Frans Post, on his return to the Netherlands, and notions of landscape and exotic, wild and unspoiled nature which the Dutch people had when they thought about the Dutch colony in America. Our principal (visual) sources of research are six paintings: Vista da Sé de Olinda (1662), Vista das ruínas de Olinda (undated), Engenho (undated), Engenho (1660), Vista da cidade Maurícia e do Recife (1653), e Paisagem com rio e tamanduá (1649), all these canvases were painted when Frans Post returned to Europe. We seek to work through a methodology that focuses on investigation of primary visual and textual material, because these textual and pictorial representations reflect the 17th-century colonial view of colonial history themes of the - here called - Dutch America

Sistema de reprodução em pequenas populações fragmentadas e em árvores isoladas de Hymenaea stigonocarpa

Six microsatellite loci were used to quantify the mating system of two small fragmented populations (Selviria - SEL and Aparecida do Tabuado APT, Mato Grosso do Sul State) and isolated trees in pastures, of the bat-pollinated tropical tree Hymenaea stignocarpa, growing in the Center-west region of Brazil. In SEL population, seeds were collected from 11 mother-trees; in APT, from three trees and, in the case of isolated trees, from six individuals growing at least 500 m apart in pastures. To investigate if there are differences on mating system between trees in populations and isolated trees, trees from populations were pooled as a group and, likewise, the isolated trees were pooled to another group. The outcrossing rate was higher in the populations ((t) over cap (m)=0.873) than in isolated trees ((t) over cap (m)=0.857), but the difference was not significant. Significant and high differences between multi-locus and single-locus outcrossing rate were detected in populations ((t) over cap (m)-(t) over cap (s)=0.301, P<0.05) and isolated trees (<(t)over cap>(m)-(t) over cap (s) = 0.276, P < 0.05), suggesting mating between relatives. Higher paternity correlation was observed in trees from population (<(r)over cap>(p)=0.636) than in isolated trees ((r) over cap (p)=0.377), indicating the occurrence of some correlated matings and that part of offspring are full-sibs. It was not observed increased in self-fertilization rate in isolated trees in pastures. In general terms, the unique observed difference in mating system between populations and isolate trees was the high rate of correlated matings in trees from populations, due probably to the small distance among coespecifics and the pollinator behavior, visiting near trees.

Benefícios econômicos agregados às propriedades urbanas pelas paisagens naturais

Amenities value provided by green areas, sea, river and natural landscapes are hardly perceived and incorporated on urban planning and development. In this work, distance and view to protected and non-protected green areas, sea and river were evaluated as to how they increase the housing prices in Natal. Hedonic pricing methods were used with linear models to estimate the marginal implicit value of environmental, residential and neighborhood features. Results on Chapter 1 demonstrate the view to the sea and protected natural areas were largely capitalized on housing prices, while non-protected natural areas didn t display such effect. Housing prices also increase when close to the sea or to parks entrance. However, housing prices fall when houses are near non-protected natural areas. When estates with sea view were excluded, the protected natural areas view and a longer distance to non-protected natural areas increased dwelling prices. Results on Chapter 2 point the sea view as an hedonic variable the contributes strongly to the property selling prices, even though not always as the greatest contributor; furthermore, the property proximity to Dunas Park or City of the Park entrance increases its price, as does closeness to Dunas Park, view to City of the Park or Dunas Park. On the other hand, selling prices diminish if properties are close to City of the Park or Morro do Careca. Results on this study confirm the hedonic pricing methods is an important intrument, capable of revealing to popullation the importance of enviromental amenities and can be used by public managers for creating public policies for conservation and restoration projects

Fotografia e paisagens da modernidade : Currais Novos/RN de 1950 a 1980 / Gênison Costa de Medeiros

This dissertation promotes a dialogue between visual representation and the new cultural geography theory to critically examine the photography representation of an specific urban landscape. The interest here is to explore the ways in which the images of the city of Currais Novos - RN, captured by the photographer Raimundo Bezerra from 1950 to 1980, have taken a great part in shaping people s understanding and imagination of this city s modernizing process. What comes out of this work is the comprehension of that photography permites a geographical study of urban landscape as it can revel perceptions, imaginations, discourses e subjetivities which are based on especific urban cultural dreams and aspirations related to the case studied. So, the aim of this dissertation was to analyse how the discourse of modernity could be seen as part of and impregnated to the urban landscape of Currais Novos by Bezerra s photographs. Then, an intertextual, hermeneutic and phenomenalogical understanding of the geographic object and how it fits within the cultural context was fundamental

Caracterização florística e estrutural das florestas naturalmente fragmentadas no Parque Estadual do Guartelá, município de Tibagi, estado do Paraná

A Floresta Ombrófila Mista na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná é naturalmente fragmentada, ocorrendo em forma de capões ou ao longo dos cursos d'água. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a composição e estrutura destes fragmentos e avaliar as correlações entre a distribuição das espécies e variáveis do solo de tal região, realizou-se um estudo no Parque Estadual do Guartelá, Município de Tibagi (24°39'10S e 50°15'25W). Foram alocadas 50 parcelas de 10x10m, distribuídas em capões de diferentes tamanhos e ao longo da floresta que acompanha o Rio Iapó, amostrando todos os indivíduos com altura > 3m. Foram encontrados um alto número de espécies (140) e uma elevada diversidade (H'=4,10), valores acima daqueles relatados para o domínio da Floresta Ombrófila Mista. As análises da composição e estrutura revelaram uma flora de transição entre a Floresta Ombrófila Mista e a Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, com uma maior similaridade com esta última, possivelmente influenciada pelo clima. Uma análise de correspondência canônica identificou as variáveis textura e acidez como as correlacionadas com a distribuição de abundâncias das espécies, ordenando dois grupos distintos: um formado pelas parcelas distribuídas nos capões, relacionadas fortemente à textura do solo; e outro pelas parcelas alocadas na floresta de galeria, associadas principalmente com a disponibilidade de nutrientes.

Sistema de reprodução em pequenas populações fragmentadas e em árvores isoladas de Hymenaea stigonocarpa

Six microsatellite loci were used to quantify the mating system of two small fragmented populations (Selviria - SEL and Aparecida do Tabuado - APT, Mato Grosso do Sul State) and isolated trees in pastures, of the bat-pollinated tropical tree Hymenaea stignocarpa, growing in the Center-west region of Brazil. In SEL population, seeds were collected from 11 mother-trees; in APT, from three trees and, in the case of isolated trees, from six individuals growing at least 500 m apart in pastures. To investigate if there are differences on mating system between trees in populations and isolated trees, trees from populations were pooled as a group and, likewise, the isolated trees were pooled to another group. The outcrossing rate was higher in the populations (t̂ m= 0.873) than in isolated trees (t̂ m=0.857), but the difference was not significant. Significant and high differences between multi-locus and single-locus outcrossing rate were detected in populations (t̂ m- t̂ s=0.301, P<0.05) and isolated trees (t̂ m- t̂ s=0.276, P<0.05), suggesting mating between relatives. Higher paternity correlation was observed in trees from population (r̂ p=0.636) than in isolated trees (r̂ p=0.377), indicating the occurrence of some correlated matings and that part of offspring are full-sibs. It was not observed increased in self-fertilization rate in isolated trees in pastures. In general terms, the unique observed difference in mating system between populations and isolate trees was the high rate of correlated matings in trees from populations, due probably to the small distance among coespecifics and the pollinator behavior, visiting near trees.

Sentido de pertenencia en sociedades fragmentadas: América Latina desde una perspectiva global

Prefacio de la Sra. Alicia Bárcena

Sistema de reprodução, parentesco e tamanho efetivo em sementes de polinização livre de populações fragmentadas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. por análise de locos microssatélites

Anthropogenic changes in the reproductive population density can affect the mating system and result in an increase in selfing and correlated matings. This study investigated the mating system in small fragmented populations of the insect pollinated tropical tree species Copaifera langsdorffii, using microsatellite loci and the mixed and correlated mating models. Open-pollinated seeds were collected from 15 seed-trees located in a small forest fragment (4.8 ha), denominated Bosque and from 14 other seed-trees located in other small forest fragments of the north-western region of São Paulo State. No significant differences were observed between the seed-trees from Bosque (tm=0.933±0.028) and other fragments (tm=0.971±0.032), although these estimates were significantly different from 1.0, suggesting that selfing was occurring. Differences between multilocus and unilocus outcrossing rate were significantly high in both seed-trees of Bosque (tm -ts=0.478±0.05) and other forest fragments (tm -ts=0.475±0.018), suggesting a spatial genetic structure in those stands. The results also showed high rates of correlated mating in the samples, indicating that a good part of the offspring were full-sibs. As a consequence of selfing, mating among relatives and correlated matings, the coancestry within families was equally high in the seed-trees of Bosque ((Θ=0.237) and in the seed-trees of the other forest fragments (Θ=0.241) and the effective population size was lower than expected in panmitic populations (Ne<4). The results were discussed, focusing on the sample size of seed-trees to collect seeds for genetic conservation and enviromental reforestation.

A audiência é quem manda?: paisagens sonoras em prefixos comerciais de rádio

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

Educação Matemática e Nova Alta Paulista: orientação para tecer paisagens

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Matemática no ensino primário: duas paisagens, uma história, muitas interrogações

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Impressões e paisagens: na fronteira entre naturalismo, simbolismo e impressionismo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Paisagens pretéritas e a (re)produção do centro da cidade de Rio Claro - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A natureza no discurso fotográfico da revista O Cruzeiro: paisagens e imaginários no Brasil desenvolvimentista 1954-1961

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)