Prevalência e fatores associados ao Near Miss Materno: inquérito populacional em uma capital do Nordeste Brasileiro

The scope of this study was to determine the prevalence of near misses and complications during pregnancy and the puerperal period, identifying the main clinical and intervention markers and socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with near misses. It involved a cross-sectional, population-based and probabilistic study with multi-stage complex sampling design conducted in Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A validated questionnaire was given to 848 women aged 15 to 49 identified in 8,227 households in 60 census sectors. In theanalysis of associations, the Chi-square test applied and calculated the prevalence ratio (PR) with Confidence Interval (CI) of 95% and 5% significance. The prevalence of maternal near misses was 41.1/1000LB, with hospitalization in an Intensive Care Unit (19.1/1000LB) and eclampsia (13.5/1000LB) being the most important markers. The prevalence of complications during pregnancy and the puerperal period was 21.2%. The highest prevalence of near misses was observed in older women, of black/brown race and low socioeconomic status. Conducting population surveys is feasible and may add important information to the study of near misses and the markers highlight the need for enhancing maternal care to reduce health inequality.

Estudo da Acessibilidade Organizacional aos Serviços de Saúde Bucal de um Município de Pequeno Porte do Nordeste Brasileiro

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the accessibility to oral health services in Santa Cruz (RN), focusing on the organizational aspect which is characterized by variables like delay in getting consultation, waiting lines, difficulty scheduling appointments, lack of material, among others. Material and Methods: For such purpose, questionnaires were addressed to 194 users’ houses based on census tract. Results: It has been found that 12.9% of the population has never gone to the dentist’s office, and that the service demand has not been affected by users’ individual and socioeconomic characteristics, except for gender. Data have revealed that 36.1% of users went to the dentist’s in less than a year. In addition, the youngest users are among those who seek the dentist’s office more frequently (p<0.05). 63.3% of the interviewees have reported they find some kind of difficulty when seek for dental care, and 43.2% of users have waited three weeks or more for assistance. It is also noteworthy that 7.4% of the interviewees have been finding difficulties in getting access to urgency care, and that long wait for the consultation is the most frequently cited matter. Conclusion: It could be verified that accessibility to oral health services in the municipality of Santa Cruz (RN) has been hampered by factors related to public policies organization, especially with regards to the work process.

Estudo da Acessibilidade Organizacional aos Serviços de Saúde Bucal de um Município de Pequeno Porte do Nordeste Brasileiro

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the accessibility to oral health services in Santa Cruz (RN), focusing on the organizational aspect which is characterized by variables like delay in getting consultation, waiting lines, difficulty scheduling appointments, lack of material, among others. Material and Methods: For such purpose, questionnaires were addressed to 194 users’ houses based on census tract. Results: It has been found that 12.9% of the population has never gone to the dentist’s office, and that the service demand has not been affected by users’ individual and socioeconomic characteristics, except for gender. Data have revealed that 36.1% of users went to the dentist’s in less than a year. In addition, the youngest users are among those who seek the dentist’s office more frequently (p<0.05). 63.3% of the interviewees have reported they find some kind of difficulty when seek for dental care, and 43.2% of users have waited three weeks or more for assistance. It is also noteworthy that 7.4% of the interviewees have been finding difficulties in getting access to urgency care, and that long wait for the consultation is the most frequently cited matter. Conclusion: It could be verified that accessibility to oral health services in the municipality of Santa Cruz (RN) has been hampered by factors related to public policies organization, especially with regards to the work process.

Incidência de cárie dentária em adolescentes em município do Nordeste brasileiro, 2006

NORO, Luiz Roberto Augusto et al. Incidência de cárie dentária em adolescentes em município do Nordeste brasileiro, 2006, Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 25, n. 4, p. 783-790, abr. 2009.

Estado nutricional de escolares do semi-árido do nordeste brasileiro

SILVA, João B. da et al. Estado Nutricional de Escolares do Semi-Árido do Nordeste Brasileiro. Revista de Salud Pública, v. 11, n. 1, p. 62-71, 2009.

Contra as Secas: a engenharia e as origens de um planejamento regional no nordeste brasileiro

Droughts surfaced in 1877 as a crucial problem for the birthing Brazilian nation. Engineers, who formed the country's technical and scientific elite, took it upon themselves to study, understand and fight the problem through planned actions of intervention on space. This work, based on proposals and discussions contained in engineering magazines and reports, aims to provide elements for the comprehension of how these systematized actions against droughts, in the Iate nineteenth and early twentieth century, contributed to spatial analysis and the formation of a (then-inexistent) regional and territorial planning discipline in Brazi!. Engineers, by taking up the position of masterminds in the country's modernization, guaranteed for themselves personal economic stability, social prestige and political power. By understanding nature, either as a resource to be exploited or an adversary to national progress, they contributed to the delimitation of the region now known as the Northeast. By seeking to understand the drought phenomenon, they created knowledge about the space they sought to intervene on; by constructing their projects amid political and economical difficulty, they changed the organizational structures of cities and country in the northeast. The proposals for açudes (Iarge water reservoirs) allowed the fixation of population and the resistance against droughts; the roads - railroads and automotive roadways - connected the sertão to the capitais and the coast, speeding up help to the affected populations during droughts and allowing the circulation of goods so as to strengthen the local economies in normal rimes. The adopted practices and techniques, adapted from foreign experience and developed through trial and improvement, were consolidated as an eminently spatial intervention course, even if a theoretical body of regional or territorial planning wasn't formed in Brazil. Regional Planning proper was first applied in the country in the Northeast itself, in the 1950s, based off an economical view of reality in order to achieve development. The engineer's work prior tothat date, however, cannot be dlsconsldered. It was proved that, despite facing financial and political hurdles, engineers had a profound commitment to the problem and intended to act systematically to transform the economical and social relations in the region, in order to be victorious in their struggle against droughts

A evolução da distribuição do tamanho das cidades: caso do nordeste brasileiro

A proposta deste artigo foi estudar a evolução do tamanho das cidades dos estados do nordeste do Brasil para os anos de 1990, 2000 e 2010 através da regularidade empírica conhecida como lei de Zipf, a qual pode ser representada por meio da distribuição de Pareto. Por meio da análise na dinâmica da distribuição das populações através do tempo, o crescimento urbano revelou uma persistência hierárquica das cidades de Salvador, Fortaleza e Recife, enquanto que São Luís experimentou o quarto lugar no rankinging das maiores cidades, que persistiu nas duas últimas décadas. A lei de Zipf não se verificou quando se considerou as cidades do Nordeste em conjunto, que pode ser devido ao menor grau de desenvolvimento urbano das cidades dessa região. Na análise dos estados em separado, também não se observou a lei de Zipf, embora tenha se verificado a lei de Gibrat, a qual postula que o crescimento das cidades é independente de seu tamanho. Por fim, acredita-se que a instalação do complexo minerometalúrgico do Maranhão tenha contribuído para o desenvolvimento e para a redução da desigualdade urbana intracidade nesta área.

Incidência de cárie dentária em adolescentes em município do Nordeste brasileiro, 2006

NORO, Luiz Roberto Augusto et al. Incidência de cárie dentária em adolescentes em município do Nordeste brasileiro, 2006, Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 25, n. 4, p. 783-790, abr. 2009.

Estado nutricional de escolares do semi-árido do nordeste brasileiro

SILVA, João B. da et al. Estado Nutricional de Escolares do Semi-Árido do Nordeste Brasileiro. Revista de Salud Pública, v. 11, n. 1, p. 62-71, 2009.

Da bancada ao Bureau: análise do desenvolvimento da biotecnologia no Nordeste Brasileiro sob o enfoque de Sistema Regional de Inovação

The starting point of the present work consisted of investigating the development of biotechnology in the Northeast region of Brazil from the perspective of a Regional Innovation System (RIS). The theoretical framework adopted relied on the approaches and concepts presented by the Neo-Schumpeterian perspective. This framework was chosen because, by means of the Innovation System concept, this literature allows us to analyze the relationships and configurations of actors, as well as the role of the state and of social, science and technology, and economic policies in the studied region. The analysis considered four selected dimensions: physical infrastructure, human capital, scientific production, and funding. These variables were chosen because they allow us to verify the possibilities and limitations of developing a biotechnology RIS in the Northeast of Brazil, and these elements would help in answering the question behind this dissertation. The location of the physical infrastructure was determined by means of bibliographic and documental research and interviews with heads of institutions that do biotechnology research. Regarding human capital, the analysis focused on resource training in biotechnology, highlighting graduate courses and research groups in the area. To measure knowledge production, we delimited scientific collaboration among researchers in the field of biotechnology as the focus of this category. For the funding dimension, information was gathered from reports available at the websites of national and state funding agencies. The data was analyzed through method triangulation, involving quantitative and qualitative research stages. To back the analyses, we revisited the integration policies in the area of Science, Technology and Innovation. Our analysis has shown that these policies play a crucial role in the development of biotechnology in the region being studied. The data revealed that the physical infrastructure is concentrated in only three states (Bahia, Ceará, and Pernambuco). In this regard, the Northeast Biotechnology Network (Renorbio) stands out as a strategic actor, enabling states with poor infrastructure to develop research through partnerships with institutions located in another state. We have also verified that the practices involving human resource training and knowledge production are factors that enable the emergence of a regional system for biotechnology in the studied region. As limitations, we have verified the low immersion level of regional actors, the heterogeneity of socioeconomic indicators, the lack of financial resources, and a low innovation culture in the business sector. Overall, we have concluded that the development of a Regional Innovation System in Biotechnology, based on the current regional dynamics, depends on an effective change in the behavior of the social agents involved, both in the national and regional dimensions as well as in the public and private spheres

Contra as Secas: a engenharia e as origens de um planejamento regional no nordeste brasileiro

Droughts surfaced in 1877 as a crucial problem for the birthing Brazilian nation. Engineers, who formed the country's technical and scientific elite, took it upon themselves to study, understand and fight the problem through planned actions of intervention on space. This work, based on proposals and discussions contained in engineering magazines and reports, aims to provide elements for the comprehension of how these systematized actions against droughts, in the Iate nineteenth and early twentieth century, contributed to spatial analysis and the formation of a (then-inexistent) regional and territorial planning discipline in Brazi!. Engineers, by taking up the position of masterminds in the country's modernization, guaranteed for themselves personal economic stability, social prestige and political power. By understanding nature, either as a resource to be exploited or an adversary to national progress, they contributed to the delimitation of the region now known as the Northeast. By seeking to understand the drought phenomenon, they created knowledge about the space they sought to intervene on; by constructing their projects amid political and economical difficulty, they changed the organizational structures of cities and country in the northeast. The proposals for açudes (Iarge water reservoirs) allowed the fixation of population and the resistance against droughts; the roads - railroads and automotive roadways - connected the sertão to the capitais and the coast, speeding up help to the affected populations during droughts and allowing the circulation of goods so as to strengthen the local economies in normal rimes. The adopted practices and techniques, adapted from foreign experience and developed through trial and improvement, were consolidated as an eminently spatial intervention course, even if a theoretical body of regional or territorial planning wasn't formed in Brazil. Regional Planning proper was first applied in the country in the Northeast itself, in the 1950s, based off an economical view of reality in order to achieve development. The engineer's work prior tothat date, however, cannot be dlsconsldered. It was proved that, despite facing financial and political hurdles, engineers had a profound commitment to the problem and intended to act systematically to transform the economical and social relations in the region, in order to be victorious in their struggle against droughts

Desenvolvimento de funções de pedotransferência para regiões do nordeste brasileiro.

Modelos para simulação do fluxo de água no solo e previsão de produtividade de culturas requerem informações sobre parâmetros das curvas de retenção e condutividade hidráulica do solo. Funções de pedotransferência (PTFs) se constituem numa alternativa para obtenção dessas informações, a partir de dados de textura e estrutura disponíveis em levantamentos de solos. Neste trabalho, foram ajustadas PTFs para os parâmetros do modelo de van Genuchten (vG), utilizando dados de 838 curvas de retenção de diferentes locais do Nordeste. As PTFs apresentaram boa qualidade de ajuste para os parâmetros θr e θs em contraste com a baixa capacidade preditiva para logα e n. Tais resultados sugerem a viabilidade do seu uso em modelos de simulação do balanço hídrico simplificado e para algumas aplicações práticas de irrigação. No entanto, para uso em modelos complexos de fluxo de água é importante avaliar a sensibilidade das variáveis prognósticas (produtividade agrícola, concentração de solutos) a variações nos parâmetros de vG. A alta variabilidade observada tanto nas propriedades morfológicas como nos parâmetros de vG para a região de estudo sugere o agrupamento dos dados em classes texturais ou tipos de solos.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos na variedade de milho BR-5011 Sertanejo no nordeste brasileiro.

1999

O TURISMO RURAL NO SEMIÁRIDO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO

A pesquisa investiga o turismo rural/urbano, no Nordeste do Brasil, pólo turístico da América Latina. Analisa a relação do espaço urbano / rural identificando dificuldades de delimitações. Verifica contradições, conflitos do turismo rural, em região dominada pela semiaridez do clima, pobreza, abandono, mas, possuidora de litoral pródigo. A região exibe litoral como vitrine, opção do trade, incentivada pelas políticas governamentais com ações urbanísticas na costa. A qualificação urbana cria espaços de acomodação da atividade turística suprindo cidades costeiras de infraestrutura, enquanto persiste, no espaço rural, carência de estrutura e suporte para permanência no campo. De forma desigual, mas combinada, a produção de espaços pelo turismo apropria-se de novos territórios. O espaço rural passa por alomorfias nas relações sociais de produção e de trabalho, decorrentes do processo de avanço do capitalismo no campo, efetivando modernização conservadora do rural. Atividades agropecuárias enfrentam problemas com desagregação das formas tradicionais de produção, desvalorização gradativa em relação às demais atividades, forçando busca de novas fontes de renda e dinamizações econômicas aos territórios rurais. O novo rural incorpora prestação de serviços às tradicionais práticas agrícolas, turismo rural, agroturismo que oferecem como atrativos a atividade produtiva, acesso, hospedagem, paisagens, gastronomia, cultura, clima, lazer, informações e compras diferenciadas.

Espécies vegetais para adubação verde e/ou cobertura do solo em cultivo rgânico de fruteiras na região ssemi-árida do Nordeste Brasileiro.

A região semiárida é caracterizada, sob o ponto de vista climático, pela escassez e irregularidade das chuvas, e pelas elevadas taxas de evapotranspiração. A baixa precipitação não se constitui problema nos cultivos irrigados, uma vez que a água é fornecida às plantas por meio da irrigação. As altas taxas de evaporação que ocorrem são mais preocupantes, pois aumenta o consumo de água e, com isso, o custo de produção e os riscos de salinização da terra pela adição dos sais dissolvidos nessa água e pela ascensão capilar dos mesmos. Em consequência, nos cultivos da região do Submédio São Francisco (SSF), com o propósito de minimizar os efeitos das altas taxas de evaporação, tem sido recomendado a utilização de sistemas de manejo que priorizam a cobertura do solo, visando a economia da água e de nutrientes aplicados. Diante do exposto, estudos que venham avaliar o desempenho de espécies vegetais para adubação e/ou cobertura do solo constituem fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento da fruticultura orgânica no SSF. Foram estudadas onze espécies, entre leguminosas e gramíneas, no perímetro irrigado Senador Nilo Coelho, em área de agricultor familiar. Os resultados demonstram que o coquetel vegetal é uma alternativa de manejo que contribui para aumentar a biodiversidade (diversificação de espécies) dentro e acima do solo, estabelecendo um ambiente onde as espécies convivem harmoniosamente, permitindo maior proteção ao solo e maior diversidade de nutrientes ao sistema.