1000 resultados para Modelo Alicante
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El transporte ferroviario ha servido durante sus años de historia como principal medio de transporte en el siglo XIX. MZA es una de las grandes compañías que comenzó sus trabajos de constitución y ampliación para el desarrollo de la economía nacional a mediados del siglo XIX. Los primeros transportes se realizaron bajo las directrices de la Real Orden de 31 de diciembre de 1844, que establecía las reglas principales para los primeros ferrocarriles españoles y más tarde, la Ley General del Ferrocarril de 1855. La razón que obligó a estas compañías a construir el tendido fue la inexistencia previa de una red viaria que permita la prestación del servicio de transporte, lo que, efectivamente, exige un gran volumen de inversión y condiciona la fase de implantación y expansión del negocio. Santos, Fidalgo y Santos (2011b:745) señalan que “las primeras compañías españolas tuvieron que acometer, junto con el estado, a través de un modelo de concesión, la construcción de la infraestructura precisa para hacer viable la prestación del servicio, lo que supondría en la gestión de estas compañías un esfuerzo adicional al negocio principal. El importante volumen de inversión y recursos que exigía la construcción, hizo que algunas compañías considerasen esta actividad –según el objeto social que definen en sus Estatutos-‐ como una fase dentro de su actividad principal”. Este trabajo está basado en el estudio de la Compañía española del Ferrocarril Madrid, Zaragoza y Alicante (MZA) durante los años 1875 a 1900, siendo el principal motivo de constitución la creación de una red de transporte que facilitara la apertura de la economía nacional a través del mar; es decir, encontrar en su finalidad la unión del transporte ferroviario con el marítimo para desarrollar una mayor exportación del producto nacional. Uno de los objetivos del trabajo de investigación es intentar determinar qué procedimientos se han podido seguir en la elaboración de las cuentas y sus estados, qué criterios se han podido aplicar, y qué tipos de valoración se observan en los elementos que constituyen los estados contables para determinar si existe alguna posible normalización en la presentación de los mismos. Todo ello, con la finalidad última de evidenciar la flexibilidad del modelo ante los impactos del contexto social y económico español durante el último cuarto del siglo XIX. Ello implica, asimismo, investigar si el modelo contable de la compañía sirve como representación de su actividad y si es válido para la toma decisiones. El método de investigación elegido ha sido el análisis del caso histórico a lo largo del periodo 1875 a 1900. Las fuentes primarias que han servido como base documental esencial del trabajo, han sido las Memorias Anuales de la compañía, así como actas tanto de los Consejos de Administración como de las Juntas Generales de Accionistas. Utilizando, también, normativa legal y reglamentación interna disponible...
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The physical model was based on the method of Newton-Euler. The model was developed by using the scientific computer program Mathematica®. Several simulations where tried varying the progress speeds (0.69; 1.12; 1.48; 1.82 and 2.12 m s-1); soil profiles (sinoidal, ascending and descending ramp) and height of the profile (0.025 and 0.05 m) to obtain the normal force of soil reaction. After the initial simulations, the mechanism was optimized using the scientific computer program Matlab® having as criterion (function-objective) the minimization of the normal force of reaction of the profile (FN). The project variables were the lengths of the bars (L1y, L2, l3 and L4), height of the operation (L7), the initial length of the spring (Lmo) and the elastic constant of the spring (k t). The lack of robustness of the mechanism in relation to the variable height of the operation was outlined by using a spring with low rigidity and large length. The results demonstrated that the mechanism optimized showed better flotation performance in relation to the initial mechanism.
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The purpose of this work was to analyze the logistical distribution of Brazilian soybean by applying a quadratic programming to a spatial equilibrium model. The soybean transportation system is an important part of the soybean complex in Brazil, since the major part of the costs of this commodity derives from the transportation costs. Therefore, the optimization of this part of the process is essential to a better competitiveness of the Brazilian soybean in the international market. The Brazilian soybean complex have been increasing its agricultural share in the total of the exportation value in the last ten years, but due to other countries' investments the Brazilian exportations cannot be only focused on increasing its production but it still have to be more efficient. This way, a model was reached which can project new frames by switching the transportation costs and conduce the policy makers to new investments in the sector.
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The field activities are essential for the education of a good taxonomist. The most common problems found in field activities are: a) large number of students, b) heterogeneous educational background and unlevelled knowledge of the participants, c) repetitions and tendency of collecting the more evidents life-forms. The causes and consequences of such problems are discussed herein. The proposed solution is a methodology, based on many years of experience in field courses for undergraduate and graduate courses. Topics about the ideal number of participants, area of coverage, period of activity, division of work and the necessary material and equipment are discussed. According to the number of species collected at the same place, this methodology may result in a list of local species with precise information about the life-forms, habitat, common names, frequency, uses, phenology and further information in this kind of work. The results of the aplication of this metodology in a field course held in the region of Ubatuba-SP are presented.
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A common breeding strategy is to carry out basic studies to investigate the hypothesis of a single gene controlling the trait (major gene) with or without polygenes of minor effect. In this study we used Bayesian inference to fit genetic additive-dominance models of inheritance to plant breeding experiments with multiple generations. Normal densities with different means, according to the major gene genotype, were considered in a linear model in which the design matrix of the genetic effects had unknown coefficients (which were estimated in individual basis). An actual data set from an inheritance study of partenocarpy in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) was used for illustration. Model fitting included posterior probabilities for all individual genotypes. Analysis agrees with results in the literature but this approach was far more efficient than previous alternatives assuming that design matrix was known for the generations. Partenocarpy in zucchini is controlled by a major gene with important additive effect and partial dominance.
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the assistance quality through the perception of the users and municipal health managers (mayors, health secretaries and screening team). Methods: A transversal and descriptive study was carried out. Results: The sample was comprised by 359 users and 48 managers. Medical assistance was considered excellent by 79.6% of the users, 93.7% of the managers, 87.5% of the health secretaries and 100% of the screening team. Reception received a great evaluation by 73.8% of the users and 93.8% of the selectors. Conclusion: The assistance model used at the Ophthalmologic Clinic of Divinolândia obtained a high level of satisfaction pleasing both users and managers.
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as ações desenvolvidas na construção do modelo de atenção em saúde no Distrito Especial Indígena - Xingu (DSEI-Xingu), mais especificamente, na área de saúde bucal, com a efetiva parceria entre a Universidade Federal do Estado de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo (FORP-USP) e a Colgate®, que permitiu a construção social da práxis em saúde no Médio e Baixo Xingu. Ao longo da história, o DSEI "Espaço Social" é onde as comunidades se constituem e, por meio do processo social de produção, cria acessos diferenciados aos bens de consumo, além de formar a base para a organização dos serviços de atenção à saúde dos povos indígenas. Para o DSEI-Xingu, são pontos básicos o estabelecimento de parcerias institucionais e a participação efetiva dos povos indígenas na gestão da saúde em seu território. Estruturado no planejamento baseado em problemas sentidos pela população, utiliza-se da construção coletiva de redes explicativas, apontando soluções em vários planos com abordagem intersetorial. É através da observação dos indicadores de saúde que se torna perceptível a assimilação das comunidades indígenas com o recente modelo de atenção básica à saúde bucal, uma vez que constantemente está sendo adaptado à cultura, à tradição e às singularidades desses povos indígenas.