Deposition of diamond-like carbon films by photon-enhanced chemical vapour deposition of methane using a windowless hydrogen lamp

Thin films of diamond-like carbon (DLC) have been deposited using a novel photon-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (photo-CVD) method. This low energy method may be a way to produce better interfaces in electronic devices by reducing damage due to ion bombardment. Methane requires high energy photons for photolysis to take place and these are not transmitted in most photo-CVD methods owing to the presence of a window between the lamp and the deposition environment. In our photo-CVD system there is no window and all the high energy photons are transmitted into the reaction gas. Initial work has proved promising and this paper presents recent results. Films have been characterized by measuring electron energy loss spectra, by ellipsometry and by fabricating and testing diode structures. Results indicate that the films are of a largely amorphous nature and are semiconducting. Diode structures have on/off current ratios of up to 106.

Preliminary study on the photoproduction of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution with Aldrich humic acid, algae and Fe(III) under high-pressure mercury lamp irradiation

Under a high-pressure mercury lamp (HPML) and using an exposure time of 4 h, the photoproduction of hydroxyl radicals ((OH)-O-.) could be induced in an aqueous solution containing humic acid (HA). Hydroxyl radicals were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography using benzene as a probe. The results showed that (OH)-O-. photoproduction increased from 1.80 to 2.74 muM by increasing the HA concentration from 10 to 40 mg L-1 at an exposure time of 4 h (pH 6.5). Hydroxyl radical photoproduction in aqueous solutions of HA containing algae was greater than that in the aqueous solutions of HA without algae. The photoproduction of (OH)-O-. in the HA solution with Fe(111) was greater than that of the solution without Fe(III) at pH ranging from 4.0 to 8.0. The photoproduction of (OH)-O-. in HA solution with algae with or without Fe(111) under a 250 W HPML was greater than that under a 125 W HPML. The photoproduction of (OH)-O-. in irradiated samples was influenced by the pH. The results showed that HPML exposure for 4 h in the 4-8 pH range led to the highest (OH)-O-. photoproduction at pH 4.0.

Research on color matching of LED backlight for large-color-gamut LCD application - art. no. 68410Y

Comparing with the conventional CCFL (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp) backlight, three-basic-color LEDs backlight has some advantages such as good color reproduction, long life and lead free etc. Theoretically, the color gamut is determined by x, y coordinates of the three basic colors in CIE chromaticity diagram, and the x, y coordinates of each basic color can derived from the relative spectrum distribution (RSD) of the LED. In this paper, the red, green and blue LEDs' RSD models are established to calculate and analyze the color gamut of a backlight. By simulating those models, the relationships that the color gamut of a LED backlight varies with each color are analyzed, and the optimum combination of three colors is obtained within the given wavelengths ranges. Moreover, the combinations of three colors for the gamut of 115% NTSC and 110% NTSC are plotted in pictures, respectively.

Flash-lamp-pumped picosecond Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier

A flash-lamp-pumped Nd

Passive Q-Switching in a Flash-Lamp Pumped Nd∶YAG Laser with Ion-Implanted GaAs Wafer

A passive Q-switched flash-lamp-pumped Nd:YAG laser with the ion-implanted semi-insulating GaAs water is reported．The wafer is implanted with 400keV As~+ ions in the concentration of 10~(16)cm~(-2). Using GaAs wafer as an absorber and an output coupler．62ns pulse duration of single pulse is obtained.

The contribution of trace elements from seawater to chimneys: a case study of the native sulfur chimneys in the sea area off Kueishantao, northeast of Taiwan Island

Hydrothermal fluid containing abundant matter erupts from seafloor, meets ambient cold seawater and forms chimneys. So the main matter origins of chimneys are seawater and matter which are taken by hydrothermal fluid from deep reservoir. However, because of seawater's little contribution to the forming of chimneys, it is usually covered by the abundant matter which is taken by hydrothermal fluid. Therefore, chimneys formed in ordinary deep seawater hydrothermal activity, containing complex elements, cannot be used to study the seawater's contribution to their formation. While the native sulfur chimneys, formed by hydrothermal activity near the sea area off Kueishantao, are single sulfur composition (over 99%), and within chimneys distinct layers are seen. Different layers were sampled for trace element determination, with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). By analyzing the data, we consider C-layer (secondary inner-layer) as the framework layer of the chimney which formed early (Fig. 4), and its trace elements derive from hydrothermal fluid. While the trace elements within A, B, D layers have undergone later alteration. A, B layers are affected by seawater and D layer by hydrothermal fluid. The increase of trace elements of A and B layers was calculated using C layer as background. Based on the known typical volume of chimneys of the near sea area off Kueishantao, we calculated the volume of seawater that contributed trace element to chimneys formation to be about 6.37 x 10(4) L. This simple quantified estimate may help us better understand the seafloor hydrothermal activity and chimneys.

ETC���具有车型识别功能的车辆检测器设计

介绍了专门用于ETC(不停车收费系统)中一种车辆检测器的软硬件设计方法。根据车辆检测器应用环境的特点给出了基准频率校正算法,可以对基准频率进行实时校正。并采用模糊模式识别算法进行车型识别。

India and India missions : including sketches of the gigantic system of hinduism, both in theory and practive : also notices of some of the principal agencies employed in conducting the process of Indian evangalization, etc. etc.

http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC05766993

Modeling the dynamics of electromagnetically agitated metallurgical flows: levitation, cold crucible, aluminium electrolysis, etc.

We present practical modelling techniques for electromagnetically agitated liquid metal flows involving dynamic change of the fluid volume and shape during melting and the free surface oscillation. Typically the electromagnetic field is strongly coupled to the free surface dynamics and the heat-mass transfer. Accurate pseudo-spectral code and the k-omega turbulence model modified for complex and transitional flows with free surfaces are used for these simulations. The considered examples include magnetic suspension melting, induction scull remelting (cold crucible), levitation and aluminium electrolysis cells. The process control and the energy savings issues are analysed.

Cloning and characterization of the mouse homologue of the human dendritic cell maturation marker CD208/DC-LAMP

DC-LAMP, a member of the lysosomal-associated membrane protein (LAMP) family, is specifically expressed by human dendritic cells (DC) upon activation and therefore serves as marker of human DC maturation. DC-LAMP is detected first in activated human DC within MHC class II molecules-containing compartments just before the translocation of MHC class II-peptide complexes to the cell surface, suggesting a possible involvement in this process. The present study describes the cloning and characterization of mouse DC-LAMP, whose predicted protein sequence is over 50% identical to the human counterpart. The mouse DC-LAMP gene spans over 25 kb and shares syntenic chromosomal localization (16B2-B4 and 3q26) and conserved organization with the human DC-LAMP gene. Analysis of mouse DC-LAMP mRNA and protein revealed the expression in lung peripheral cells, but also its unexpected absence from mouse lymphoid organs and from mouse DC activated either in vitro or in vivo. In conclusion, mouse DC-LAMP is not a marker of mature mouse DC and this observation raises new questions regarding the role of human DC-LAMP in human DC.

Development and clinical validation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for the rapid detection of Neisseria meningitidis

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an innovative technique that allows the rapid detection of target nucleic acid sequences under isothermal conditions without the need for complex instrumentation. The development, optimization, and clinical validation of a LAMP assay targeting the ctrA gene for the rapid detection of capsular Neisseria meningitidis were described. Highly specific detection of capsular N. meningitidis type strains and clinical isolates was demonstrated, with no cross-reactivity with other Neisseria spp. or with a comprehensive panel of other common human pathogens. The lower limit of detection was 6 ctrA gene copies detectable in 48 min, with positive reactions readily identifiable visually via a simple color change. Higher copy numbers could be detected in as little as 16 min. When applied to a total of 394 clinical specimens, the LAMP assay in comparison to a conventional TaqMan® based real-time polymerase chain reaction system demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98.9% with a ? coefficient of 0.942. The LAMP method represents a rapid, sensitive, and highly specific technique for the detection of N. meningitidis and has the potential to be used as a point-of-care molecular test and in resource-poor settings.