Formalização e Implementação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental Segundo a Norma ISO 14001:2004 numa empresa de Construção Civil

Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança

ISO 9000 AND CONTROL OF DOCUMENTS

ISO 9000 is a family of international standards for quality management, applicable to all sizes of company, whether public or private.Management Systems ISO 9000 quality make up the human side, administrative and operating companies. By integrating these three aspects, the organization takes full advantage of all its resources, making results more efficiently, reducing administrative and operating expenses.With globalization and opening markets this has become a competitive advantage by providing further confidence and evidence to all customers, subcontractors, personnel and other stakeholders that the organization is committed to establishing, maintaining and improving levels acceptable quality products and services.Another advantage of quality systems is the clear definition of policies and functions, the staff is utilized according to their ability and focus on real customer needs.It should be mentioned that to achieve these benefits, it is necessary that management of the organization, is committed to the development of its quality system and to allocate financial and human resources to do so. These resources are minimal compared with the benefits you can achieve.

Normas ISO 9000: su Base Documental

En la última década de este siglo se ha presenciado un salto cualitativo en el mundo comercial enfatizado a la calidad total, permitiendo a las empresas la máxima efectividad y productividad, colocándose así en niveles de competitividad en esta aldea global.Para entrar en este ámbito de calidad es necesario que las empresas asuman normas de aceptación internacional, tal es el caso de la serie de normas ISO 9000, cuyo objetivo es el establecimiento de sistemas de aseguramiento de la calidad que garantizan la buena marcha de las empresas y su relación con los clientes.A medida que se desarrolla el trabajo de investigación, se pretende dar una visión general sobre la serie de normas ISO 9000, incluyendo precisamente las normas que la componen, sus beneficios, sus ventajas, sus barreras, la forma de aplicación y la implementación de éstas, por otro lado se muestra la importancia de la base documental compuesta por tres niveles en forma de pirámide, que conforma el primer paso que debe dar una empresa para iniciar el proceso de asimilación de las normas ISO 9000 y así contar a corto o mediano plazo con un aumento en su productividad, la eliminación de errores y un mejoramiento en la calidad del producto, redundando en una importante mejoría tanto para la empresa y sus clientes.

A qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem e a Norma ISO 9001 : Aplicação empírica no Hospital CUF Infante Santo

A preocupação com a qualidade e normalização dos serviços de saúde é cada vez maior, verificando-se que, para responder às progressivas exigências dos utentes, aparecem entidades que criam normas universais, as quais pretendem a garantia da qualidade nos serviços de saúde. Contudo, a implementação de um sistema de gestão da qualidade, através da norma ISO 9001, nestas organizações, é um desafio pela dificuldade de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços prestados- cuidados de saúde. Estando presente num hospital profissional como médicos, enfermeiros e gestores, com características culturais que influenciam a forma de encarar a qualidade e a sua monitorização para a existência de uma mudança profunda, quando se implementa uma política de qualidade, é fundamental conhecer a definição da qualidade de cada profissional, membro de uma cultura e, deste modo, a sua postura perante o fenómeno. O presente trabalho tem como objectivos identificar a percepção dos enfermeiros do Hospital Cuf Infante-Santo, relativamente ao sistema de gestão da qualidade, segundo a norma ISO, e, consequentemente, investigar pontos fortes, pontos fracos, ameaças e oportunidades da implementação dessa norma nessa organização hospitalar. Para atingir os objectivos, foi desenvolvido um modelo de análise, onde se considera o relacionamento entre as características da qualidade em saúde, cultura organizacional hospitalar e do sistema da norma ISO, para o desenvolvimento da melhoria contínua na organização. Os dados, para a elaboração desta dissertação, foram recolhidos através de inquérito por questionários aos enfermeiros do Hospital Cuf Infante-Santo, que se encontravam a laborar na organização aquando da implementação da norma ISO, sendo utilizado o método quantitativo e técnicas do estudo qualitativo na análise de dados orientados para o significado das acções. Do trabalho desenvolvido, conclui-se que a percepção relativamente às alterações na qualidade dos cuidados está limitada pelo facto de a maioria dos respondentes não conhecer o sistema de qualidade (Norma ISO 9001), sendo este um dos pontos fracos para a implementação da norma ISO na organização. Deste modo, a situação diagnosticada constitui um alerta para as organizações de saúde, ao implementarem sistemas de gestão da qualidade, potencializarem os pontos fortes identificados, como a orientação dos enfermeiros para o cuidar e para o cliente e, por outro lado, evitar repetir pontos fracos, como o identificado anteriormente, através do envolvimento e formação dos seus colaboradores nas políticas da qualidade. Os enfermeiros preocupam-se com a qualidade, mas referem que não a monitorizam regularmente. Pelo que, esta necessidade com a implementação do sistema de gestão da qualidade, deverá ser corrigida, de modo a que a organização de saúde em estudo caminhe para a excelência. ABSTRACT: The concern with the quality and standardization of health services is increasing, verifying that to respond to the progressiva demands of the users, there appear entities wishing to create universal standards to ensure the quality in health services. However, implementing a quality management service, through ISO 9001 standard, in these organizations, it is a challenge by the difficulties of evaluation in the quality of the provided services - health care. Being present in a hospital professionals such as doctors, nurses and managers, with cultural characteristics that influence the way and method of facing the quality and its monitoring for the existence of a profound change, when a quality policy is implemented, it is fundamental to know the definition of the quality of each and ever professional, member of a culture, and in this way, their posture towards the phenomenon. This present study aims to identify the perceptions of nurses at the Infante-Santo CUF Hospital, relatively to the quality management system, according to the ISO standard, and consequently, investigating strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the implementation of this standard in that hospital organization. To achieve these aims or objectives, an analysis model was developed, which considers the relationship between the characteristics of the quality of health, hospital organizational culture and the ISO standard system, for the further development of the continuous improvement in the organization. The data for the elaboration of this dissertation was collected through questionnaire surveys done to the nurses at Infante-Santo CUF Hospital, who were working in the organization during the ISO standard implementation, being used the quantity method and techniques of the quality study in the analysis of data orientated to the meaning of actions. The developed research concluded that the perception related to the alterations in the quality of the care is limited by the majority of respondents not knowing the quality system (ISO 9001 standard), being this one of the weaknesses to the implementation of the ISO standard in the organization. Therefore, the diagnosed situation constituted a warning to the health organizations, to implement quality management systems, potentially the identified strengths, such as the orientation of the nurses to the care and to the client, and on the other hand, avoiding the repetition of weaknesses, as previously identified, through the involvement and training of its employees in the quality policies. The nurses are concerned about the quality but they refer that there is no regular monitoring. Thus, this necessity of the implementation of the quality and management system should be corrected, so that the health organization being studied should proceed to excellence.

The importance of EN ISO 15189 accreditation of allergen-specific IgE determination for reliable in vitro allergy diagnosis

International audience

Factores de éxito en el programa de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) para el sector salud, aplicación de la norma ISO 26000 en la IPS Fundación Cardio Infantil

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo mostrar los factores de éxito del programa de Responsabilidad Social de la Fundación Cardioinfantil, teniendo en cuenta que esta institución se ha convertido en un referente de compromiso social y sostenibilidad en el sector salud y en las instituciones de cuarto nivel de complejidad. Para alcanzar este objetivo se realizaron visitas y se aplicó un instrumento en la Fundación Cardioinfantil y en cuatro instituciones más del mismo nivel de atención en las ciudades de Bogotá, Cali y Medellín, donde generosamente aportaron información acerca del desarrollo de sus programas de Responsabilidad Social y de la aplicación de los tópicos contenidos en la ISO 26000 dentro de sus instituciones. Así mismo dentro de la Fundación Cardioinfantil se realizó una entrevista con la persona encargada de desarrollar el programa, quien manifestó los detalles del funcionamiento de este y los esfuerzos realizados para lograr la diferenciación en el sector salud. A través de este recorrido por las diferentes instituciones de salud consultadas y de la investigación realizada en la fundación Cardioinfantil se realizó una matriz DOFA que nos reveló la falta de comunicación en las mejoras realizadas en las diferentes organizaciones de salud, una vez han detectado las fallas en inherentes a su actuación con los grupos de interés. La adopción de estándares internacionales para la gobernanza y aplicación de los programas de RSE aún es incipiente en el sector salud en general. También es posible resaltar el hecho de que programas de RSE desarrollados a nivel de la fundación Cardioinfantil evolucionan hacia la innovación en la calidad de la atención y la trasformación de sus organizaciones hacia la mejora continua.

Estudo eletroquímico comparativo do aço ISO 5832-9 em diferentes meios de interesse biológico

Foi estudado o comportamento eletroquímico a 37°C do aço inoxidável ISO 5832-9, em meios de NaCl 0,9 %, de Ringer Lactato e meio mínimo de Eagle (MEM), por voltametria linear e análises da superfície por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e por espectroscopia por dispersão de energia (EDS). Foram feitos ensaios mecânicos e testes de toxicidade. O aço ISO 5832-9 se encontra passivado no potencial de corrosão e não apresenta corrosão por pite nos três meios estudados em toda faixa de potencial investigada, desde o potencial de corrosão até 50 mV acima do potencial de transpassivação. Em meio de MEM, no entanto, as análises por MEV e EDS mostraram que o referido aço, nesse valor mais elevado de potencial, apresentou um comportamento diferente, com perda das inclusões de óxido de manganês. Os potenciais de corrosão, Ecorr (potencial de circuito aberto estacionário) bem como os valores de densidade de corrente de passivação, variaram na seguinte ordem: Ecorr, RL < Ecorr, NaCl < Ecorr, MEM. e jMEM << jRL ≅ jNaCl. No ensaio de citotoxicidade, o aço foi caracterizado como não-tóxico.

Feasibility of using solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for preparation of spiked filter papers with Cu and Zn as standards for direct solid analysis

An approach was developed for the preparation of cryogenic ground spiked filter papers with Cu and Zn for use as synthetic calibrating standards for direct solid microanalysis. Solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to evaluate the microhomogeneity and to check the applicability of the synthetic calibrating standards for the direct determination of Cu and Zn in vegetable certified reference materials. The found concentrations presented no statistical differences at the 95% confidence level. The homogeneity factors ranged from 2.7 to 4.2 for Cu and from 6.4 to 11.5 for Zn.

Developing and implementing an open and non-proprietary device description for FOUNDATION fieldbus based on software standards

Support for interoperability and interchangeability of software components which are part of a fieldbus automation system relies on the definition of open architectures, most of them involving proprietary technologies. Concurrently, standard, open and non-proprietary technologies, such as XML, SOAP, Web Services and the like, have greatly evolved and been diffused in the computing area. This article presents a FOUNDATION fieldbus (TM) device description technology named Open-EDD, based on XML and other related technologies (XLST, DOM using Xerces implementation, OO, XMIL Schema), proposing an open and nonproprietary alternative to the EDD (Electronic Device Description). This initial proposal includes defining Open-EDDML as the programming language of the technology in the FOUNDATION fieldbus (TM) protocol, implementing a compiler and a parser, and finally, integrating and testing the new technology using field devices and a commercial fieldbus configurator. This study attests that this new technology is feasible and can be applied to other configurators or HMI applications used in fieldbus automation systems. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Forest certification in Amazonia: standards matter

Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification promises international consumers that `green-label` timber has been logged sustainably. However, recent research indicates that this is not true for ipe (Tabebuia spp.), currently flooding the US residential decking market, much of it logged in Brazil. Uneven or non-application of minimum technical standards for certification could undermine added value and eventually the certification process itself. We examine public summary reports by third-party certifiers describing the evaluation process for certified companies in the Brazilian Amazon to determine the extent to which standards are uniformly applied and the degree to which third-party certifier requirements for compliance are consistent among properties. Current best-practice harvest systems, combined with Brazilian legal norms for harvest levels, guarantee that no certified company or community complies with FSC criteria and indicators specifying species-level management. No guidelines indicate which criteria and indicators must be enforced, or to what degree, for certification to be conferred by third-party assessors; nor do objective guidelines exist for evaluating compliance for criteria and indicators for which adequate scientific information is not yet available to identify acceptable levels. Meanwhile, certified companies are expected to monitor the long-term impacts of logging on biodiversity in addition to conducting best-practice forest management. This burden should reside elsewhere. We recommend a clarification of `sustained timber yield` that reflects current state of knowledge and practice in Amazonia. Quantifiable verifiers for best-practice forest management must be developed and consistently employed. These will need to be flexible to reflect the diversity in forest structure and dynamics that prevails across this vast region. We offer suggestions for how to achieve these goals.

Mental health nursing standards and practice indicators for Australia: a review of current literature

There are many changes and challenges facing the mental health care professional working in Australia in the 21st Century. Given the significance of their number and the considerable extent to which care is delivered by them, mental health nurses in particular must be at the forefront of the movement to enhance and improve mental health care. Mental health nurses in Australia must not only keep up with the changes, we should be setting the pace for others across the profession worldwide. The increasingly complex field of mental health nursing demands nurses who are not only equipped to face the challenges but are confident in doing so. Definitive guidelines for practice, clear expectations regarding outcomes and specific means by which to evaluate both practice and outcomes are vital. Strengthening the role and vision of mental health nursing so that there is clarity about both and highlighting core values by which to perform will enable us to become focused on our future and what we can expect to both give to and receive from our chosen profession and how we can, and do, contribute to mental health care. The role of the mental health nurse is undergoing expansion and there are new hurdles to overcome along with the new benefits this brings. To support this, nationally adopted, formalised standards of practice and means by which to measure these, i.e., practice indicators formerly known as clinical indicators, are required. It is important to have national standards and practice indicators because of the variances in the provision of mental health across Australia – different legislation regarding mental health policies and processes, different nursing registration bodies and Nursing Councils, for example – which create additional barriers to cohesion and uniformity. Improvements in the practice of mental health nursing lead to benefits for consumer outcomes as well as the overall quality of mental health care available in Australia. The emphasis on rights-based care, particularly consumer and carer rights, demands evidence-based, up-to-date mental health care delivered by competent, capable professionals. Documented expectations for performance by nurses will provide all involved with yardsticks by which to evaluate outcomes. Flowing on from these benefits are advances in mental health care generally and enhancements to Australia’s reputation and position within the health care arena throughout the world. Currently, the ‘Standards for Practice’ published by the Australian New Zealand College of Mental Health Nurses (ANZCMHN) in 1995 and the practice indicators developed by Skews et al. (2000) provide a less formal guide for mental health nurses working in Australia. While these earlier standards and practice indicators have played some role in supporting mental health nurses they have not been nationally or enthusiastically adopted and there are a multitude of reasons for this. This report reviews the current literature available on practice indicators and standards for practice and describes an evidence-based rationale as to why a review and renewal of these is required and why it is important, not just for mental health nurses but to the field of mental health in general. The term ‘practice indicator’ is used, except where a quotation utilises ‘clinical indicator’, to more accurately reflect the broad spectrum of nursing roles, i.e. not all mental health nursing work involves a clinical role.

Estimating the cost of contact for non-resident parents: A budget standards approach

Most Western countries have, for some time, provided income support and/or taxation relief to parents with children in their care. The significant amount of research into the costs of children to couple and sole parent households has been important in assessing and developing family support policies. Changing societal expectations about the level of involvement of fathers in child rearing activities has highlighted the need to understand the costs facing usually male non-resident parents in having contact with their children. The budget standards methodology is used in this paper to estimate the costs for non-resident parents exercising regular contact with their children. Costs of contact are found to be high. For contact with one child for 20 per cent of the year, costs of contact represent about 40 per cent of the costs of that same child in an intact couple household with a medium income and more than half of the costs of that child in a household with low income. Household infrastructure and transportation is the reason for high costs. One implication of this finding is that the total cost of children substantially increases when parents separate. The article discusses some policy implications of these findings. This research is of relevance to social security, taxation, family law and child support policies and administration.

Environmental impact evaluation using a cooperative model for implementing EMS (ISO 14001) in small and medium-sized enterprises

Certification of an ISO 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS) is currently an important requirement for those enterprises wishing to sell their products in the context of a global market. The system`s structure is based on environmental impact evaluation (EIE). However, if an erroneous or inadequate methodology is applied, the entire process may be jeopardized. Many methodologies have been developed for making of EIEs, some of them are fairly complex and unsuitable for EMS implementation in an organizational context, principally when small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) are involved. The proposed methodology for EIE is part of a model for implementing EMS. The methodological approach used was a qualitative exploratory research method based upon sources of evidence such as document analyses, semi-structured interviews and participant observations. By adopting a cooperative implementation model based on the theory of system engineering, difficulties relating to implementation of the sub-system were overcome thus encouraging SMEs to implement EMS. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.