In Bio-Fuel We Trust

In bio-fuel we trust. Or do we? In this chapter, ethnographic material from Sweden is used to discuss ways sin which trust may influence the choice of bio-fuel for heating purposes. The meaning and substance of trust or distrust, as well as the very conditions for trust, are elaborated on in relation to solar and bio-pellet systems, district heating with bio-fuel, and traditional fireplaces. An important conclusion of this chapter is that the degree to which people perceive others as being like themselves or not tends to be decisive for whether these others are to be trusted, and therefore worth listening to. The context and situation in which a certain heating system is being chosen does not only involve trust in individuals, however, but in companies and the authorities, as well as in the arterfacts themselves. An example is given on how distrust of district heating companies led house owners to reject an offer of district heating despite the comfort and environmental benefit this could have provided. it is shown how this distrust might be resolved by making the rhythm of households and sitrict heating companies more in step with one another. The strong emotional attachment to and deep-felt trust in the traditional fireplace is also analysed, and a question is put forward as to whether these feelings could be transferred to modern bio-pellet stoves. Finally, our great and assured trust in bio-fuel as a main solution to global climate change is shortly commented upon and partly questioned.

Decisions with Impact on Energy Reduction Opportunities : Swedish manufacturers and buyers of new single-family houses

This article discusses some of the complexities of human decision-making. It aims, in particular, at relating the nature of decision-making to the illusory dichotomies of change and stability, individual actions and cultural sharing. Serving as an illustration to the discussion of the article is ongoing fieldwork in contexts of buying, selling and constructing pre-fabricated detached houses in the central Sweden, and the very specific question of how decisions to install one kind of heating-system rather than another come about. A common reductionism is to narrow down the understanding of decisions about heating systems and energy consumption to conscious choices made by individual householders. I have asked myself whether, on the contrary, anyone actually makes such decisions at all. Perhaps some of these decisions are merely outcomes of interaction between different individuals with their respective responsibilities and focuses of interest.

Villasystem för solvärme

Del 1:Innehållsförteckning och korta sammanfattningarDEL 2:Verksamhetsberättelsen för perioden maj 1992 till april 1993 beskriver de arbeten som har gjorts av villasolvärmegruppen på SERC efter den inledande studie (SERC/UCFB-91/0039), där villasolvärmesystem kartlades. Följande arbeten beskrivs:- Utveckling av lågflödessystem och internationella kontakter- Uppbyggnad av värmelaboratorium på SERC- Praktiska test av värmelagringsenheten- Praktiska test av nya systemkomponenter i solvärmekretsen- Datasimulering inkluderande nyutvecklade systemkomponenterI verksamhetsplanen beskrivs huvudmålet för de arbeten som ska utföras under trårsperioden 93 - 96. Mera detaljerat beskrivs de arbeten som ska utföras under budgetåret 1993/94:- Beräkningsprogram för nogrannare dimensionering av finrörsvärmeväxlare- Konstruktion av maskiner för värmeväxlartillverkning- Utveckling av värmeväxlare för tappvarmvatten- Simuleringsberäkningar för hela systemet med PRESIM/TRNSYS.DEL 3:Del 3 innehåller en redovisning av mätresultat för den undersökta kombitanken. Temperaturförloppen på olika höjd i tankens har studerats vid uppvärmning genom solvärmeväxlaren och nedkylning genom tappning av varmvatten. Resultaten diskuteras kvalitativt och redovisas kvantitativt i form av diagram. Mätresultaten på två prototyper av den på SERC utvecklade finrörsvärmeväxlaren redovisas och diskuteras i jämförelse till traditionell värmeväxlare. De erhållna mätresultaten används som ingångsvärden för simuleringsberäkningar med PRESIM/TRNSYS. Problemen med de i PRESIM/TRNSYS befintliga modellerna diskuteras. De utförda modellberäkningarna tillåter en uppskattning av möjliga förbättringar i form av höjd årsverkningsgrad för ett svenskt villasolvärmesystem med kombitank. I del 3 redovisas dessutom de mätningar som har utförts på otika pumpar vilka skulle kunna användas i solfångarkretsen. Sex olika pumpar analyseras och diskuteras. Del 3 har följande rubriker:- Beskrivning av den undersökta lagringstanken- Mätningar på tappvarmvattenväxlare- Mätningar på solvärmeväxlare (kamflänsrör och finrörsvärmeväxlare)- Simuleringsberäkningar- PumpmätningarDEL 4:Del 4 innehåller publicerade rapporter under 1992 och 93 samt patentansökan för SERC?s finrörsvärmeväxlare: - NORTH SUN 1992, Solar Energy at High Latitudes, June 24-26 1992 Trondheim, Norway. Domestic solar heating system - a systematic study i progress Patentansökan på finrorsvärmeväxlare till Patent- och Registreringsverket från 93 01 23. ISES SOLAR WORLD CONGRESS, 23-27 augusti 1993, Budapest, HUNGARY Criteria for cost efficient small scale solar hot water installations.DEL 5:Del 5 hänvisar till rapporterna från IEA Task-1 4 mötena om solfångarsystem i- Hameln, Tyskland, augusti 1992 och- Rom, Italien, januari 1993.I rapporterna beskrivs aktiviteten inom den internationella arbetsgruppen speciellt med hänsyn på utveckling av villasolvärmesystem. I Rom presenterades principlösningen för den på SERC utvecklade finrörsvärmeväxlare. De har publicerats separat som nr 42 och 46 i SERCs rapportserie.

Elbesparing med pelletkaminer och solvärme i direktelvärmda småhus

The aim of this study was to investigate how electricallyheated houses can be converted to using wood pellet and solarheating. There are a large number of wood pellet stoves on themarket. Many stoves have a water jacket, which gives anopportunity to distribute the heat to domestic hot water and aradiator heating system. Three typical Swedish houses with electric resistanceheating have been studied. Fourteen different system conceptsusing wood pellet stoves and solar heating systems have beenevaluated. The systems and the houses have been simulated indetail using TRNSYS. The houses have been divided in up to 10different zones and heat transfer by air circulation throughdoorways and open doors have been simulated. The pellet stoveswere simulated using a recently developed TRNSYS component,which models the start- and stop phases, emissions and thedynamic behaviour of the stoves. The model also calculates theCO-emissions. Simulations were made with one stove without awater jacket and two stoves with different fractions of thegenerated heat distributed in the water circuit. Simulations show that the electricity savings using a pelletstove are greatly affected by the house plan, the systemchoice, if the internal doors are open or closed and thedesired level of comfort. Installing a stove with awater-jacket connected to a radiator system and a hot waterstorage has the advantage that heat can be transferred todomestic hot water and be distributed to other rooms. Suchsystems lead to greater electricity savings, especially inhouses having a traditional layout. It was found that not allrooms needed radiators and that it was more effective in mostcases t use a stove with a higher fraction of the heatdistributed by the water circuit. The economic investigation shows that installing a woodpellet stove without a water jacket gives the lowest totalenergy- and capital costs in the house with an open plan (fortoday's energy prices and the simulated comfort criteria). Inthe houses with a traditional layout a pellet stove givesslightly higher costs than the reference house having onlyelectrical resistance heating due to the fact that less heatingcan be replaced. The concepts including stoves with a waterjacket all give higher costs than the reference system, but theconcept closest to be economical is a system with a bufferstore, a stove with a high fraction of the heat distributed bythe water circuit, a new water radiator heating system and asolar collector. Losses from stoves can be divided into: flue gas lossesincluding leakage air flow when the stove is not in operation;losses during start and stop phases; and losses due to a highair factor. An increased efficiency of the stoves is importantboth from a private economical point of view, but also from theperspective that there can be a lack of bio fuel in the nearfuture also in Sweden. From this point of view it is alsoimportant to utilize as much solar heat as possible. Theutilization of solar heat is low in the simulated systems,depending on the lack of space for a large buffer store. The simulations have shown that the annual efficiency ismuch lower that the nominal efficiency at full power. Thesimulations have also shown that changing the control principlefor the stove can improve efficiency and reduce theCO-emissions. Today's most common control principle for stovesis the on/off control, which results in many starts and stopsand thereby high CO-emissions. A more advanced control varyingthe heating rate from maximum to minimum to keep a constantroom temperature reduces the number of starts and stops andthereby the emissions. Also the efficiency can be higher withsuch a control, and the room temperature will be kept at a moreconstant temperature providing a higher comfort.

Fjärrvärmedrivna vitvaror : Erfarenheter från utveckling, installationer och kostnadsberäkningar

Värmedrivna vitvaror eller HWC-maskiner som de kallas av tillverkaren värms med varmt vatten från en cirkulerande krets via en värmeväxlare inbyggd i maskinen, till skillnad från konventionella maskiner som värms med el. Denna teknik skall inte förväxlas med maskiner som är anslutna till varmvattenledningen och fylls på med varmt vatten och som därmed begränsas till disk- och tvätt. Syftet med fjärrvärmedrivna vitvaror är alltså att använda fjärrvärme, som har lägre kvalitet och pris än elenergi för uppvärmning och torkning och på så sätt spara el och utöka fjärrvärmeunderlaget. En jämförelse av koldioxidutsläpp och primärenergianvändning mellan konventionella vitvaror och fjärrvärmedrivna vitvaror visar att både koldioxidutsläpp och primärenergianvändning blir lägre för fjärrvärmedrivna vitvaror om biobränsle anses koldioxidneutralt och den el som ersätts är producerad i kolkraftverk eller gaskombikraftverk.   Denna rapport beskriver utveckling och kommersialisering av värmedrivna vitvaror (disk- och tvättmaskiner samt torktumlare och torkskåp) och hur de kan anslutas mot fjärrvärmesystem i olika systemlösningar. Dessutom har de energimässiga och ekonomiska förutsättningarna för tekniken undersökts. Erfarenheterna från fältprovning är dock mycket begränsade, eftersom de byggen där fälttesterna skulle ske försenades. Under 2013 färdigställs ett flerbostadshus med värmedrivna vitvaror i 160 lägenheter i Västerås.   De utvecklade maskinernas värmeanvändning som andel av total energianvändning vid 60 graders framledningstemperatur har uppmätts till ca 50 % för diskmaskinen, 67 % för tvättmaskinen, 80 % för torktumlaren och 93 % för torkskåpet. I det studerade flerbostadshuset av passivhusstandard uppgår lasten från värmedrivna vitvaror komfortgolvvärme och handdukstorkar till upp mot 30 % av husets totala värmeanvändning. För småhus är motsvarande siffra upp mot 20 %. Att använda fjärrvärme istället för elvärme till dessa installationer som normalt är elvärmda kan allts minska elbehovet betydligt i lågenergibebyggelse vilket också minskar både koldioxidutsläppen och primärenergianvändningen.   Ekonomiska analyser har genomförts för två olika systemkoncept (separat vitvarukrets och Västeråsmodellen) för nybyggda småhusområden och flerfamiljshus där fjärrvärme inte bara används till vitvaror utan också till handdukstorkar och komfortgolvvärme. De ekonomiska analyserna visar att Västeråsmodellen är den mest ekonomiskt intressanta systemlösningen med värmedrivna vitvaror, handdukstork och komfortgolvvärme. I flerfamiljshus kan den vara konkurrenskraftig mot de elvärmda alternativen (konventionellt system med eldrivna vitvaror, komfortgolvvärme och handdukstorkar) om prisskillnaden mellan el och fjärrvärme är större än 0,7 kr/kWh. En parameterstudie visar att kapitalkostnaden blir ganska hög jämfört med energikostnaden, vilket betyder att lång livslängd och många cykler är viktigt för att förbättra de ekonomiska förutsättningarna för värmedrivna vitvaror. För passiva småhus blir kostnaden för Västeråsmodellen med värmedrivna vitvaror, handdukstork och komfortgolvvärme likvärdig med de elvärmda alternativen vid energiprisskillnader på 0,7 kr/kWh inklusive moms, medan det krävs prisskillnader på 0,9 kr/kWh inklusive moms för normalisolerade småhusområden.   Sammanfattningsvis kan sägas att i kommuner med ett konkurrenskraftigt fjärrvärmepris finns det viss lönsamhet för hela konceptet enligt Västeråsmodellen med värmedrivna vitvaror, komfortgolvvärme, och handdukstorkar. Om man däremot ser på konkurrensen för enskilda vitvaror är det främst torktumlaren som är konkurrenskraftig i bostäder. Målpriset på 1000 kr extra för värmedrift har inte kunnat uppnås inom projektet för diskmaskiner och tvättmaskiner. Det krävs lägre priser och låga anslutningskostnader för att räkna hem diskmaskinen och tvättmaskinen som enskilda komponenter.   Värmedrivna tvättmaskiner och torktumlare är konkurrenskraftiga i flerfamiljstvättstugor. Speciellt i de fall där beläggningen är god och flera maskiner delar på anslutningskostnaden till fjärrvärmecentralen kan värmedrift bli riktigt lönsam. Torkskåpens konkurrenskraft har inte kunnat utvärderas, då priset ännu inte fastställts. Att använda VVC-systemet för värmedistribution till värmedrivna vitvaror kan vara mycket intressant, men det kräver att legionellaproblematiken kan lösas. I nuläget finns ingen lösning som uppfyller formuleringarna i boverkets byggregler. Ett annat distributionssätt som kan vara intressant, men som inte undersökts i studien är att använda VVC för varmvattendistribution och en gemensam radiator- och vitvarukrets med konstant framledningstemperatur. Den aktör som förväntas ha störst ekonomiskt intresse av att tekniken implementeras är sannolikt fjärrvärmebolagen som får sälja mer värme och det ligger därmed främst på deras ansvar att marknadsföra tekniken i mötet med sina kunder.

Making Energy Interventions more Effective : Situation, Interaction, and Precondition

A main purpose of this paper is to propose to policy makers, building professionals, and other non-social scientists a way to make energy interventions more culturally informed and, thereby, more effective. The case study on house purchasers gives an ample illustration of the richer results that can be achieved by paying attention to three aspects of energy efficiency initiatives: the contexts and situations of choice in each particular case, the interaction among relevant social actors, and the culture-specific preconditions for choice. Research on how purchasers of new pre-fabricated houses in Sweden choose their heating system show how such decisions tend to fall between two stools. Furthermore, the organizational structure of housing companies frames house purchasers' decision making. An important result is that energy saving or conversion measures must be promoted at an early stage amongst those who plan and construct buildings (rather than later amongst dwellers and energy end users).

Desenvolvimento de um programa de simulação computacional de sistemas de aquecimento solar para água

Esta Tese apresenta uma análise do comportamento térmico de um sistema de aquecimento solar operando por termossifão. Neste tipo de sistema o fluido no coletor solar é circulado por convecção natural, que acontece devido à diferença de massa específica da água ao longo circuito. Nestes sistemas a vazão mássica varia ao longo do dia e do ano, dependendo, dentre outros fatores, da irradiância solar absorvida, do perfil de temperaturas da água no sistema, da geometria, do volume e do perfil de demanda de água quente. Para uma avaliação detalhada do comportamento térmico de aquecedores solares operando por termossifão foram realizados ensaios experimentais e cálculos teóricos. Os resultados dos experimentos concordaram com aqueles apresentados na literatura e sua análise fundamentou o desenvolvimento do aplicativo TermoSim, um programa de simulação computacional do comportamento térmico de sistemas de aquecimento de água com energia solar. O tratamento matemático adotado no TermoSim compreende a modelagem dos coletores solares de acordo com a teoria de Hottel-Bliss-Whillier. O reservatório térmico é modelado com estratificação térmica, convecção e condução entre as camadas. A vazão mássica é obtida a partir do balanço da quantidade de movimento no circuito. Os modelos matemáticos empregados na construção do aplicativo TermoSim foram validados através do confronto dos resultados simulados com medidas experimentais. Foi demonstrado que a utilização destes modelos é adequada e permite reproduzir com precisão o comportamento térmico dos coletores solares e do reservatório térmico. Além do programa TermoSim, foi também desenvolvido o programa TermoDim, que é uma ferramenta para o dimensionamento de sistemas de aquecimento solar, que requer apenas o conhecimento dos parâmetros geométricos do sistema, dados meteorológicos em média mensal e informação a respeito do volume de demanda. O TermoDim é apropriado para estimar o desempenho de aquecedores solares operando por termossifão com tanques verticais e horizontais. O método de dimensionamento do TermoDim é baseado na correlação para a eficiência média mensal obtida neste trabalho a partir de um grande número de simulações.

Degradação do PMMA através da reação despolimerização uitlizando catalisadores de óxidos mistos

In this work, mixed oxides were synthesized by two methods: polymeric precursor and gel-combustion. The oxides, Niquelate of Lanthanum, Cobaltate of Lanthanum and Cuprate of Lanthanum were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method, and treated at 300 º C for 2 hours, calcined at 800 º C for 6h in air atmosphere. In gel-combustion method were produced and oxides using urea and citric acid as fuel, forming for each fuel the following oxides Ferrate of Lanthanum, Cobaltato of Lanthanum and Ferrato of Cobalt and Lanthanum, which were submitted to the combustion process assisted by microwave power maximum of 10min. The samples were characterized by: thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction; fisisorção of N2 (BET method) and scanning electron microscopy. The reactions catalytic of depolymerization of poly (methyl methacrylate), were performed in a reactor of silica, with catalytic and heating system equipped with a data acquisition system and the gas chromatograph. For the catalysts synthesized using the polymeric precursor method, the cuprate of lanthanum was best for the depolymerization of the recycled polymer, obtaining 100% conversion in less time 554 (min), and the pure polymer, was the Niquelate of Lanthanum, with 100% conversion in less time 314 (min). By gel-combustion method using urea as fuel which was the best result obtained Ferrate of Lanthanum for the pure polymer with 100% conversion in less time 657 (min), and the recycled polymer was Cobaltate of Lanthanum with 100 % conversion in less time 779 (min). And using citric acid to obtain the best result for the pure polymer, was Ferrate of Lanthanum with 100% conversion in less time 821 (min and) for the recycled polymer, was Ferrate of Lanthanum with 98.28% conversion in less time 635 (min)

Fontes de fibra na alimentação do pacu: desempenho, composição corporal e morfometria intestinal

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da utilização de diferentes ingredientes fibrosos nas dietas sobre o desempenho, a composição corporal e a morfometria intestinal de juvenis de pacu. Foram avaliadas cinco dietas isoproteicas (23% de proteína digestível), isoenergéticas (3250kcal de energia digestível/kg) e isofibrosas (9% de fibra bruta), sendo a principal fonte fibrosa de cada constituída por farelo de soja, casca de soja, farelo de girassol e polpa cítrica; esta última em dois níveis de inclusão (30 e 45%). Foram utilizados 300 juvenis de pacu (25,12±0,78 gramas), alojados em 25 aquários (200 litros). Os melhores resultados de crescimento e conversão alimentar foram obtidos com as dietas contendo farelo de soja e farelo de girassol. As dietas contendo casca de soja e polpa cítrica prejudicaram o desempenho dos juvenis de pacu, e o efeito negativo foi acentuado com o aumento da inclusão de polpa cítrica. Além disto, somente nos peixes alimentados com a dieta com 45% de polpa cítrica foi observada diminuição na densidade de vilosidades por área no epitélio intestinal. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que alguns ingredientes fibrosos podem afetar negativamente o desempenho e as características do epitélio intestinal de juvenis de pacu.

Projeto e controle de um sistema de aquecimento no Laboratório de Avaliação de Medição em Petróleo

The Oil Measurement Evaluation Laboratory (LAMP), located in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), has as main goal to evaluate flow and BS&W meters, where the simulation of a bigger number of operation variable in field, guarantees a less uncertain evaluation. The objective of this work is to purpose a heating system design and implementation, which will control the temperature safely and efficiently in order to evaluate and measure it. Temperature is one of the variables which influence the flow and BS&W accurate measurement, directly affecting the fluid viscosity and density in the experiment. To project the heating system it is of great importance to take the laboratory requirements, conditions and current restrictions into consideration. Three alternatives were evaluated: heat exchanger, internal resistance and external resistance. After the analyses are made in order to choose the best alternative for the heating system in the laboratory, control strategies were determined for it, PID control methods in combination with fuzzy logic were used. Results showed a better performance with fuzzy logic than with classic PID

Projeto, construção e análise de desempenho de coletores solares alternativos utilizando garrafas pet

A solar alternative system for water heating is presented. It work on a thermosiphon, consisting of one or two alternative collectors and a water storage tank also alternative, whose main purpose is to socialize the use of energy mainly to be used by people of low income. The collectors were built from the use of pets bottles, cans of beer and soft drinks and tubes of PVC, ½ " and the thermal reservoirs from a drum of polyethylene used for storage of water and garbage placed inside cylinder of fiber glass and EPS ground between the two surfaces. Such collectors are formed by three elements: pet bottles, cans and tubes absorbers. The heating units, which form the collector contains inside the cans that can be closed, in original form or in the form of plate. The collectors have an absorber grid formed by eight absorbers PVC tube, connected through connections at T of the same material and diameter. It will be presented data of the thermal parameters which demonstrate the efficiency of the heating system proposed. Relative aspects will be boarded also the susceptibility the thermal degradation and for UV for the PVC tubes. It will be demonstrated that this alternative heating system, which has as its main feature low cost, presents thermal, economic and materials viabilities

Análise do desempenho térmico de um sistema de aquecimento solar utilizando coletor com superfície absorvedora em chapas de PVC

It s presented a solar collector to be used in a system for heating bath water, whose main characteristic is its low cost. The collector consists of five plates of PVC with 10 mm thick, 200 mm in width and 1400mm in length, with an area equal to 1.4 square meters. The plates were connected in parallel to the ends of PVC tubes of  40 mm and 32 mm. The plates were coated on one side with aluminum sheets of soft drinks and beers cans open. The system worked on a thermosiphon and was tested in two configurations: the plates uncoated and coated with aluminum material, to determine the influence of material on the efficiency of the collector. For both configurations was used EPS plates below the surface to minimize heat losses from the botton. The thermal reservoir of the heating system is, also, alternative and low cost, since it was constructed from a polyethylene tank for storing water, with volume of 150 end 200 liters. It will be presented the thermal efficiency, heat loss, water temperature of the thermal reservoir at the end of the process and simulation of baths for a house with four residents. The will be demonstrated thermal, economic and material viability of the proposed collector, whose main innovation is the use of recyclables materials, cans of beer and soft drinks, to increase the temperature of the absorber plate.

Estudo térmico de um sistema solar de aquecimento de água residencial para duas configurações de superfície absorvedora

It presents a solar collector to be used in a system for heating water for bathing, whose main characteristics are its low cost and easy manufacturing and assembly. The absorbing surface of the collector is formed by an aluminum plate with eight flaps where they lodge PVC pipes. The catchment area of solar radiation corresponds to 1.3 meters. The collector box was made of wood, is covered by transparent glass and thermal insulation of tire chips and expanded polystyrene (EPS). Absorber tubes were connected in parallel through the use of PVC fittings and fixed to the plate by the use of metal poles and rivets. The entire absorber received paint flat black for better absorption of sunlight. The system worked on a thermosiphon assembly and absorber of the collector has been tested in two configurations: with the tubes facing up, directly exposed to the impact of sunlight and facing down, exchanging heat with the plate by conduction. It was determined the most efficient configuration for the correct purpose. The solar collector was connected to a thermal reservoir, also alternative, low-cost forming the system of solar water heating. We evaluated thermal parameters that proved the viability of the heating system studied

Análise do desempenho térmico de um sistema de aquecimento solar de baixo custo

It presents a solar collector to be used in a system for heating water for bathing, whose main characteristics are low cost and easy manufacturing and assembly. The system operates under natural convection or thermosiphon. The absorbing surface of the collector is formed by twelve PVC pipes of 25 mm outside diameter connected in parallel via connections in T of the same material. The tubes were covered with absorbing fins made with recycled aluminum cans. We studied eight settings between absorber plate, thermal insulating EPS boards and thermal reservoirs 150 and 200 liters. It was determined the most efficient configuration for the correct purpose. We evaluated thermal parameters that proved the viability of the heating system studied

Construção e analise de desempenho de um sistema de aquecimento solar de água utilizando placa de policarbonato como superfície absorvedora

It was studied a system for heating water to be used to obtain water for bathing at home, the absorbing surface of the collector is formed by one plate of polycarbonate. The polycarbonate plate has 6 mm thick, 1.050 mm wide and 1.500 mm long with an area equal to 1,575 m². The plate was attached by its edges parallel to PVC tubes of 32 mm. The system worked under the thermo-siphon and was tested for two configurations: plate absorber with and without isolation of EPS of 30 mm thick on the bottom surface in order to minimize heat losses from the bottom. The tank's thermal heating system is alternative and low cost, since it was constructed from a polyethylene reservoir for water storage, with a volume of 200 liters. Will present data on the thermal efficiency, heat loss, water temperature of thermal reservoir at the end of the process simulation and baths. Will be demonstrated the feasibility of thermal, economic and material pickup proposed for the intended purpose.