La escala de análisis: un tema central en didáctica de la geografía = The scale of analysis a central didactic theme in Geography

Geographical scale is not merely a technical question. The learning of geographical scale goes beyond geometricunderstanding; it implies the etymological comprehension of the concept, the recognition of the importance of scale in theelaboration of the geographical discourse. It implies placing oneself in the centre of the teaching and learning of Geographyand asking oneself, what scale? Why this scale? What progression of scales? The answer to these questions puts in doubtthe scientific discourse that is presently taught in schools especially on the scale of analysis, the sequencing of studiedspaces and the false dichotomy local and global

AVOIDING FIRST-YEAR UNIVERSITY CHEMISTRY TEXTBOOKS’ MISREPRESENTATIONS IN THE TEACHING OF SPONTANEOUS REACTIONS

This paper summarizes the misrepresentations related to Gibbs energy in general chemistry textbooks. These misrepresentations arise from a problem in the terminology textbooks use. Thus, after reviewing the proper definition of each of the terms analyzed, we present two problems to exemplify the correct treatment of the quantities involved, which may help in the discussion and clarification of the misleading conventions and assumptions reported in this study.

Lukukirja alimmaisille oppilaitoksille Suomessa : 2 jakso : Maamme kirja : Z. Topeliusʼelta. Suomentanut Joh. Bäckwall.

Translated into Finnish by Joh. Bäckwall.

Suomen maantiede : kansakouluja varten : kirjoittanut K. J. Juuti.

Bound with: Suomen maantiede / kirjoittanut K. J. Juuti. Helsingissä : Weilin & Göösʼin Osakeyhtiön kirjapainossa ja kustantama, 1886 ; Suomen maantiede / kirjoittanut K. J. Juuti. Helsingissä : Weilin & Göösʼin Osakeyhtiön kirjapainossa ja kustantama, 1891.

Suomen maantiede : kansakouluja varten : kirjoittanut K. J. Juuti.

Third edition.

Kansakoulun maantiede : kuvilla varustettu : ruotsalaisen alkuteoksen mukaan sovitellut Ferd. Ahlman.

Based on the Swedish textbook: "Folkskolans geografi", 4th ed., Stockholm 1874.

Suomen maatiede : [Alexander Gustaf Julius Hallstén] ; suomentanut G. C.

Second revised edition.

Suomen maantiede : kansakouluja varten : kirjoittanut K. J. Juuti.

Fourth edition.

Suomenmaan maan-tieto : [Alexander Gustaf Julius Hallstén] ; suomentanut G. C.

Translated from Swedish into Finnish by Gustaf Cannelin.

Suomen maantiede : kansakouluja varten : kirjoittanut K. J. Juuti.

Second revised edition.

Suomen maanopas, ynnä johdatuksen kanssa yhteiseen maa-tietoon, sunnuntai-kouluin tarpeeksi : K. A. Fineliukselta.

Digital reproduction, The National Library of Finland, Centre for Preservation and Digitisation, Mikkeli

Future revenue models: Transformation from textbooks to digital solutions in the educational publishing industry, Case Sanoma Learning

This study was conducted in order to learn how companies’ revenue models will be transformed due to the digitalisation of its products and processes. Because there is still only a limited number of researches focusing solely on revenue models, and particularly on the revenue model change caused by the changes at the business environment, the topic was initially approached through the business model concept, which organises the different value creating operations and resources at a company in order to create profitable revenue streams. This was used as the base for constructing the theoretical framework for this study, used to collect and analyse the information. The empirical section is based on a qualitative study approach and multiple-case analysis of companies operating in learning materials publishing industry. Their operations are compared with companies operating in other industries, which have undergone comparable transformation, in order to recognise either similarities or contrasts between the cases. The sources of evidence are a literature review to find the essential dimensions researched earlier, and interviews 29 of managers and executives at 17 organisations representing six industries. Based onto the earlier literature and the empirical findings of this study, the change of the revenue model is linked with the change of the other dimen-sions of the business model. When one dimension will be altered, as well the other should be adjusted accordingly. At the case companies the transformation is observed as the utilisation of several revenue models simultaneously and the revenue creation processes becoming more complex.

Geography Football Team

The winning intramural football team from the Geography department. Pictured from left to right are: Brian Rogers, Lino Fuciarelli, Tim Slack, Les Selby, Larry Miller, Bob Lunge (captain), Ron Devereux, Bob Steele, and Gerry Gamble.

An examination of grade three mathematics textbooks for problem solving strategies

Three grade three mathematics textbooks were selected arbitrarily (every other) from a total of six currently used in the schools of Ontario. These textbooks were examined through content analysis in order to determine the extent (i. e., the frequency of occurrence) to which problem solving strategies appear in the problems and exercises of grade three mathematics textbooks, and how well they carry through the Ministry's educational goals set out in The Formative Years. Based on Polya's heuristic model, a checklist was developed by the researcher. The checklist had two main categories, textbook problems and process problems and a finer classification according to the difficulty level of a textbook problem; also six commonly used problem solving strategies for the analysis of a process problem. Topics to be analyzed were selected from the subject guideline The Formative Years, and the same topics were selected from each textbook. Frequencies of analyzed problems and exercises were compiled and tabulated textbook by textbook and topic by topic. In making comparisons, simple frequency count and percentage were used in the absence of any known criteria available for judging highor low frequency. Each textbook was coded by three coders trained to use the checklist. The results of analysis showed that while there were large numbers of exercises in each textbook, not very many were framed as problems according to Polya' s model and that process problems form a small fraction of the number of analyzed problems and exercises. There was no pattern observed as to the systematic placement of problems in the textbooks.