A Temporary Hometown: Gendered Labor and Social Citizenship in Bremerton, Washington, a Domestic Military Colony

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Urban Design Guidelines for Human Wellbeing in Martian Settlements

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Social-servicescape conceptual model

There is considerable evidence that environmental variables can substantially influence consumer behavior in service settings (cf. Turley and Milliman, 2000). However, research to date has focused on the effects of the physical elements (‘atmospherics’), with the social aspects (customers and service providers) of the environment largely ignored. First, we provide a review of the extant literature drawing on four major streams of research from (1) previous marketing (servicescapes); (2) environmental psychology (approach–avoidance theory, behavior setting theory); (3) social psychology (social facilitation theory); and (4) organizational behavior (affective events theory). Second, we present a new conceptual model, the ‘Social-servicescape’. In this paper we argue that the social environment and purchase occasion dictates the desired social density which influences customers’ affective and cognitive responses, including repurchase intentions. Furthermore, we argue that customers play a key role in influencing the emotions of others either positively or negatively, and this largely determines whether they intend to return to the service setting. Implications of this conceptual model for theory and practice are discussed.

Utilising online shopping environment attributes holistically to create competitive advantage

As more consumers shop online, it becomes crucial for marketers to know how online shopping environments (OSEs) can be used to gain competitive advantage. This dissertation aims to explain theoretically how OSE attributes work together holistically to produce desirable consumer responses, applying and extending a theory from the environmental psychology literature to the online context. Firstly, the study conceptualises OSEs as virtual environments which may be perceived and experienced both cognitively and affectively through a technology-mediated interaction with a computer screen. A multi-disciplinary approach identifies key characteristics of OSEs: they involve consumers; they are more complex than their offline counterparts; they are likely first apprehended holistically; and they can elicit high levels of emotions and cognition. Secondly, the research uses a gestalt approach and extends Kaplan and Kalan’s (1982) Preference Framework, taking account of the specific characteristics of OSEs, which one visits specifically to obtain product information. The results support the proposition that OSEs are perceived in terms of their Sense-making and Exploratory attributes. Thirdly, the research explains how OSE attributes work together to produce desirable consumer responses. As hypothesised, Exploratory potential produces both Hedonic and Utilitarian value, and both kinds of value contribute to Site commitment. An unexpected result is that Sense-making potential does not produce Utilitarian value directly, but only through the mediation of Exploratory potential. The research contributes to marketing theory by: (1) identifying ways the internet has changed the nature of the shopping experience; (2) extending Kaplan and Kaplan’s Preference Framework to explain how consumers perceive OSEs holistically; (3) identifying the distinction between page-level and site-level perceptions, and (4) distinguishing between different sources of information (marketer vs. non-marketer). Managerially, the research provides a model for marketers to conceive and design retail websites whose attributes work together to create competitive advantage.

The effects of store atmosphere on shopping behaviour - A literature review.

This paper provides an insight into how the atmospherics of a retail environment influence shopping behaviour. Its objective is to support researchers and practitioners by summarizing the current state of knowledge and identifying gaps and avenues for future research. The scope covers studies in retail marketing and environmental psychology published during the last 35 years. It has been shown that environmental cues (music, scent etc.) have an effect on the emotional state of the consumer, which in turn causes behavioural changes, both positive (approach, buy more, stay longer etc.) and negative (not approach, buy less, leave earlier etc.). Most studies make reference to the PAD model, which proposes that the relevant emotions in this process can be measured along three dimensions Pleasure, Arousal and Dominance (Mehrabian, A. & Russell, J.A.,1974, An approach to environmental psychology, Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press). Since then, significant advances have been made to understand the effect of individual cues, their interaction, as well as the role of moderators, such as gender, age, or shopping motivation. However, there are a number of opportunities for further research. Too little is known about the moderating effects of Arousal and Dominance and how they interact with each other and with Pleasure dimension. Also a number of other moderators, such as gender and culture, should be integrated into the model.

The effects of attribute quality information and sources of information on consumers' perceptions and behavior: A model of Pre-purchase Information Utilization in Service Physical Environments

The search-experience-credence framework from economics of information, the human-environment relations models from environmental psychology, and the consumer evaluation process from services marketing provide a conceptual basis for testing the model of "Pre-purchase Information Utilization in Service Physical Environments." The model addresses the effects of informational signs, as a dimension of the service physical environment, on consumers' perceptions (perceived veracity and perceived performance risk), emotions (pleasure) and behavior (willingness to buy). The informational signs provide attribute quality information (search and experience) through non-personal sources of information (simulated word-of-mouth and non-personal advocate sources).^ This dissertation examines: (1) the hypothesized relationships addressed in the model of "Pre-purchase Information Utilization in Service Physical Environments" among informational signs, perceived veracity, perceived performance risk, pleasure, and willingness to buy, and (2) the effects of attribute quality information and sources of information on consumers' perceived veracity and perceived performance risk.^ This research is the first in-depth study about the role and effects of information in service physical environments. Using a 2 x 2 between subjects experimental research procedure, undergraduate students were exposed to the informational signs in a simulated service physical environment. The service physical environments were simulated through color photographic slides.^ The results of the study suggest that: (1) the relationship between informational signs and willingness to buy is mediated by perceived veracity, perceived performance risk and pleasure, (2) experience attribute information shows higher perceived veracity and lower perceived performance risk when compared to search attribute information, and (3) information provided through simulated word-of-mouth shows higher perceived veracity and lower perceived performance risk when compared to information provided through non-personal advocate sources. ^

Designing an adaptive salutogenic care environment

Humans are profoundly affected by the surroundings which they inhabit. Environmental psychologists have produced numerous credible theories describing optimal human environments, based on the concept of congruence or “fit” (1, 2). Lack of person/environment fit can lead to stress-related illness and lack of psychosocial well-being (3). Conversely, appropriately designed environments can promote wellness (4) or “salutogenesis” (5). Increasingly, research in the area of Evidence-Based Design, largely concentrated in the area of healthcare architecture, has tended to bear out these theories (6). Patients and long-term care residents, because of injury, illness or physical/ cognitive impairment, are less likely to be able to intervene to modify their immediate environment, unless this is designed specifically to facilitate their particular needs. In the context of care settings, detailed design of personal space therefore takes on enormous significance. MyRoom conceptualises a personalisable room, utilising sensoring and networked computing to enable the environment to respond directly and continuously to the occupant. Bio-signals collected and relayed to the system will actuate application(s) intended to positively influence user well-being. Drawing on the evidence base in relation to therapeutic design interventions (7), real-time changes in ambient lighting, colour, image, etc. respond continuously to the user’s physiological state, optimising congruence. Based on research evidence, consideration is also given to development of an application which uses natural images (8). It is envisaged that actuation will require machine-learning based on interpretation of data gathered by sensors; sensoring arrangements may vary depending on context and end-user. Such interventions aim to reduce inappropriate stress/ provide stimulation, supporting both instrumental and cognitive tasks.

L’environnement intérieur et l’autisme : un Centre de jour pour adultes

Ce mémoire présente et discute d’une problématique importante qui s’inscrit dans un contexte actuel, autant sur le plan international que local, puisqu’elle touche 1 enfant sur 68 (CDC, 2010). On parle ici du trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA). Plus spécifiquement, cette recherche se concentre sur les jeunes adultes autistes, qui du jour au lendemain, se retrouvent face à une interruption de services. Elle suggère qu’une adaptation adéquate de l’environnement soit davantage explorée en vue d’offrir des centres de jour adaptés à cette clientèle. La question de recherche est la suivante : Quels sont les éléments du design intérieur qui peuvent améliorer la qualité de vie des adultes autistes? Il est essentiel de s’y attarder, puisque les personnes TSA sont entre autres caractérisées par leur hypersensibilité et leur hyposensibilité face à l’environnement. Bien que le sujet de l’autisme soit richement documenté par le domaine des sciences médicales, il est apparu qu’il l’est moins par celui de l’aménagement. La stratégie méthodologique de cette recherche repose sur des analyses de précédents, des observations participantes ainsi que la tenue d’entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de parents d’enfants autistes. Cette étude vise simultanément l’amélioration de la compréhension de la pratique émergente du design comme moyen d’intervention ainsi que l’identification des facteurs (éclairages, couleurs, matériaux, division de l’espace, etc.) pouvant améliorer le bien-être des adultes autistes. Sur la base des données collectées, il a été remarqué qu’effectivement, plusieurs moyens peuvent être entrepris pour concevoir des environnements améliorant le bien-être de ces adultes. Les résultats extraits du terrain mènent à des propositions d’aménagement claires : rendre l’abstrait le plus concret possible, aménager des zones de retrait social, offrir une variété d’ambiances, et finalement, offrir un encadrement sécuritaire.

Visibilidad y percepción en la construcción de un paisaje Prehistórico. El caso de Calviá (Mallorca, Islas Baleares)

El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio del papel que juega el control visual del espacio en las prácticas sociales de las comunidades prehistóricas. Este trabajo se articula a partir de un estudio de caso, el término municipal de Calviá, situado en el sureste de la isla de Mallorca, para analizar las diferentes formas de monumentalidad arquitectónica y cómo estas se constituyen cómo un punto de referencia social dentro del paisaje. Partiendo de una amplia horquilla temporal, que abarcaría el Bronce Naviforme (1550-850 AC), el período Talayótico (850-550 AC) y el Postalayótico (550-123 AC), se propone analizar los cambios y pervivencias en la construcción del paisaje, a través de estrategias de visibilidad, percepción y movimiento alrededor de los monumentos arquitectónicos. A través de la perspectiva de la Arqueología del Paisaje y mediante el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) se propone un análisis de tendencias a largo plazo en la configuración social de un paisaje.

La exposición temporal temática como lugar de encuentro de la creatividad de los visitantes y del conservador

Descripción del proceso creativo del visitante adulto de tipo gran público y de los principios que guían la creatividad del conservador en el momento en que concibe una exposición temporal temática.

Percepção ambiental do patrimônio cultural: estudo de caso na Cidade Alta e Ribeira em Natal-RN

Contemporary studies have shown that the evolution of the heritage concepts is accompanied by an affirmation of the importance of social participation in recognizing heritage values and in managing cultural assets. We used the Brazilian context to emphasize the challenges for democratizing this process. This problematic is discussed based on the cases of Cidade Altaand Ribeira, neighborhoods that date from the formation of Natal-RNand have cultural assets recognized by levels of government. The study builds elements to answer the research question: what meanings and representations does the culturalheritage in the case study have for its users? The research method analyzes the representations and the meanings of the neighborhoods, firstly is based on historiographical studies, memories records of the city and on the process of heritage management. Secondly, it isbased on the field research, it is structured in environmental perception studies (areas of Environmental Psychology, Architecture and Urbanism) and has been applied with users with different bonds with the studied environment (residents, workers and visitors). The data were obtained with the multi-method which included direct observation, questionnaire survey and mentalmaps (that replicate Kevin Lynch). The analysis of result verified the research hypothesis, emphasizing aspects of the relationship between users and cultural heritage relevant to strengthening collective memory, local identity, contributing to heritage management. Among the results, the socio-environmental image obtained which emphasized a "cultural axis" linkingboth studied neighborhoods and confirms the influences of elements rein the memories records of the city and in the area s management. Identified aspects to strengthen the relationship between the users and cultural assets, such as the presence of placeswith affective ties to certain groups, as well as the need to fight off negative images (of degradation and insecurity) associated to the site and also expand the participation of the population, including residents, in policies and cultural activities. After all, recognition of value and the involvement of societycultural assets have the potential of contribute to integrate city development with heritage conservation

A educação ambiental proposta pela ecologia onírica: uma releitura do ambiente externo-interno das casas da cidade do rio grande sob a perspectiva poética

O ser humano vive maior parte do seu tempo em contato direto com o ambiente construído, portanto tornou-se fundamental pesquisar as relações de alteridade, qualidade de vida e pertencimento dentro de um espaço específico, a casa. Ressaltando que a casa nesta pesquisa é todo e qualquer lugar de moradia, percebe-se que ela exprime um estilo de vida, ou seja, um modo de viver e conviver, de pensar, de sentir, e de se relacionar com as pessoas e com o espaço. A partir das relações de seis moradores do Município de Rio Grande com suas respectivas casas pudemos conhecer os processos que ali ocorrem e quais são os efeitos deles na vida e atitudes de cada morador dentro e fora da morada. O estudo é fundamentado primordialmente na Educação Ambiental e na Ecologia Onírica. Mais especialmente, na Educação Estética Ambiental e Educação Estética Onírica, porém também dialoga com outras áreas do conhecimento, como a Psicologia Ambiental. Esta avalia e compreende o homem, como ele reage, interpreta e sente os espaços, e consequentemente, como ele é constituído através de todas as experiências, vivências, memórias neste meio tão íntimo que é a casa de cada um. O objetivo da pesquisa foi, a partir das relações dos moradores entre si e com o espaço da casa, conhecer qual é o significado desta na vida dos seus moradores, despertar a valorização do espaço/morada e o sentimento de pertencimento a ela, promovendo através dessa consciência uma maior qualidade de vida dentro e fora de casa.

Vivências do nascimento: Subjectividades da relação pessoa/espaço ambiental. Um estudo exploratório

A realização desta pesquisa visa, essencialmente, explorar a interacção que as pessoas desenvolvem com os espaços físicos e sociais, ou seja, com o espaço ambiental. Assim, e a partir do ponto de vista da Psicologia Ambiental enquanto disciplina que integra o quadro conceptual da Ecologia Humana, procurámos conhecer a simbologia da vivência do espaço ambiental num serviço de obstetrícia, no contexto do parto, tendo definido como objectivo para a nossa investigação: "Descrever as vivências de parturientes, no decurso do nascimento de seus filhos, em particular no que concerne à interacção da pessoa com o ambiente físico e social". O enquadramento do tema foi traçado a partir de abordagens da Psicologia Ambiental que procuram investigar a interacção entre a pessoa e o ambiente físico e social. Depositámos o nosso interesse na concepção teórica de Roger Barker e partimos para o conhecimento da referida interacção num cenário comportamental, que neste estudo é a sala de partos. Recolhemos a opinião de 12 mulheres, que se disponibilizaram para participar, através de uma entrevista parcialmente estruturada. Os discursos recolhidos foram analisados com vista à construção de categorias que nos permitissem conhecer a experiência das parturientes enquanto utilizadoras temporárias de um espaço institucional com características particulares como é uma sala de partos. A análise dos discursos das participantes acerca da experiência do nascimento dos seus filhos deixou patente a interacção com o espaço ambiental permitindo recolher alguma informação interessante proveniente da sua influência na vivência do nascimento. No final, o que emana do estudo realizado é a convicção de que as relações interpessoais ocupam um papel destacado no panorama de um cenário comportamental, o que nos remete para a importância da promoção duma conduta profissional mais esclarecida e humanizante. Foi também esse o objectivo com que procurámo explorar o fenómeno e deixar algumas pistas nesta área ainda pouco investigada. ABSTRACT; This research looks, essentially, to acknowledge people interaction in a given physical setting, from Human Ecology's point of view. Thus, and from the point of view of environmental psychology as a discipline that integrates the conceptual framework of Human Ecology, we became interested in understanding the environmental space experience symbology in the birth context, in an obstetrics service. We were interested to know the experience of women as protagonists in the birth of their children, and the interaction they developed with the environment during hospitalization in the delivery room. Thus, we define as an objective: "Describe the experiences of the parturients, during the birth of their children, particularly in what concerns to the interaction between person and physical and social environment". The framework of the theme was drawn from environmental psychology approaches that seek to investigate the interaction between the person and the physical and social environment. We have our interest in the theoretical design of Roger Barker and left for the knowledge of that interaction in a behavioral scenario, which, in this study, is the delivery room. We collected the views of 12 informants who agreed to participate, through a partially structured interview. The results analysis was obtained through the dismantling of speech and significance links assignment. Understanding the experience was achieved through the analysis of the categories identified retrospectively, according to the subject that originated the approach. The survey, as we designed it, revealed us, in the context of the environmental space interaction, woman's point of view, as a temporarily user of an institutional space with special characteristics. ln the end, what comes from this study is the belief that interpersonal relationships play a prominent role in the panorama of a behavioral scenario, conducting us to the importance of promoting a more informed and humanizing professional conduct. This was also our objective as we tried to explore the phenomenon, leaving some clues in this area still poorly investigated.

L’environnement intérieur et l’autisme : un Centre de jour pour adultes

Ce mémoire présente et discute d’une problématique importante qui s’inscrit dans un contexte actuel, autant sur le plan international que local, puisqu’elle touche 1 enfant sur 68 (CDC, 2010). On parle ici du trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA). Plus spécifiquement, cette recherche se concentre sur les jeunes adultes autistes, qui du jour au lendemain, se retrouvent face à une interruption de services. Elle suggère qu’une adaptation adéquate de l’environnement soit davantage explorée en vue d’offrir des centres de jour adaptés à cette clientèle. La question de recherche est la suivante : Quels sont les éléments du design intérieur qui peuvent améliorer la qualité de vie des adultes autistes? Il est essentiel de s’y attarder, puisque les personnes TSA sont entre autres caractérisées par leur hypersensibilité et leur hyposensibilité face à l’environnement. Bien que le sujet de l’autisme soit richement documenté par le domaine des sciences médicales, il est apparu qu’il l’est moins par celui de l’aménagement. La stratégie méthodologique de cette recherche repose sur des analyses de précédents, des observations participantes ainsi que la tenue d’entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de parents d’enfants autistes. Cette étude vise simultanément l’amélioration de la compréhension de la pratique émergente du design comme moyen d’intervention ainsi que l’identification des facteurs (éclairages, couleurs, matériaux, division de l’espace, etc.) pouvant améliorer le bien-être des adultes autistes. Sur la base des données collectées, il a été remarqué qu’effectivement, plusieurs moyens peuvent être entrepris pour concevoir des environnements améliorant le bien-être de ces adultes. Les résultats extraits du terrain mènent à des propositions d’aménagement claires : rendre l’abstrait le plus concret possible, aménager des zones de retrait social, offrir une variété d’ambiances, et finalement, offrir un encadrement sécuritaire.

The role of perceived housing quality and perceived choice to recovery: An ecological perspective on a housing first program in Lisbon

This study explores, from an ecological perspective, the relationship between perceived housing quality and the perception of choice, and between perceived choice and recovery of 45 Housing First Lisbon participants. For this purpose, we used a quantitative method and applied three instruments that report perceived housing quality, perceived choice and severe mental illness recovery. The findings reveal a significant and positive association between perceived housing quality and perceived choice, and between perceived choice and recovery, with choice being predicted by housing quality and recovery predicted by choice. These results reinforce the scientific evidence regarding the success of housing first models as a consumer choice-driven intervention, addressing pertinent environmental factors that contribute to housing stability. The study demonstrates that recovery processes can be maximized through services that empower their consumers by allowing them to choose and control the priority and order of the support services received.