Citizenship training in school from the perspective of future primary education teachers

The aim of this paper is to recognize the images that prospective elementary school teachers have about citizenship and citizenship education in school. The qualitative methodology with an ethnographic approach is used for that deep interview of ethnographic kind and analysis of institutional documents, for example, curricula, course syllabus and graduated profi le. The revision of documents helps to a better understanding of discourses. The analysis of the corpus obtained after the application of the paradigm of codifi cation proposed in the established theory. As the principal fi ndings we way point out that the concept of citizens that is common among prospective elementary school teachers is reduced to the school environment because they consider that the promotion of citizenship helps to the incorporation of children to society, thus reproducing a propaedeutic view of education.

Averroes y las cosas justas por naturaleza

En su comentario a la Ética a Nicómaco, Averroes se ocupó del pasaje donde Aristóteles distingue entre las cosas que son justas por naturaleza y aquéllas que lo son en virtud de la ley (V, 7 1134b18-1135a5). Su comentario es particularmente breve, pero plantea algunas dificultades importantes, como su alusión a un derecho naturale legale, que, según Leo Strauss, vendría a ser simplemente un derecho positivo de aceptación general. En este artículo se busca caracterizar lo justo natural y lo justo positivo en el comentario de Averroes y mostrar el alcance de la variación de los criterios propios de la justicia positiva.

Vie des Pères, en vers.

Contient : « La vie de Robert le dyable »

Pensamientos de un creyente católico ó sean : consideraciones filosóficas morales y religiosas sobre el materialismo moderno y otros puntos, como el alma de las bestias, la frenología, el duelo o desafío y el magnetismo animal, obra destinada generalmente a la juventud estudiosa, y especialmente á los jovenes que se dedican al estudio de la medicina, de la jurisprudencia y a los que se consagran al estado eclesiastico

UANL

Third order elastic constants of bcc Cu-Al-Ni

We have measured the changes in the ultrasonic wave velocity, induced by the application of uniaxial stresses in a Cu-Al-Ni single crystal. From these measurements, the complete set of third-order elastic constants has been obtained. The comparison of results for Cu-Al-Ni with available data for other Cu-based alloys has shown that all these alloys exhibit similar anharmonic behavior. By using the measured elastic constants in a Landau expansion for elastic phase transitions, we have been able to give an estimation of the value of a fourth-order elastic constants combination. The experiments have also shown that the application of a stress in the [001] direction, reduces the material resistance to a (110)[110] shear and thus favors the martensitic transition.

Premartensitic and martensitic phase transitions in ferromagnetic Ni2MnGa

We present an experimental study of the premartensitic and martensitic phase transitions in a Ni2MnGa single crystal by using ultrasonic techniques. The effect of applied magnetic field and uniaxial compressive stress has been investigated. It has been found that they substantially modify the elastic and magnetic behavior of the alloy. These experimental findings are a consequence of magnetoelastic effects. The measured magnetic and vibrational behavior agrees with the predictions of a recently proposed Landau-type model [A. Planes et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3926 (1997)] that incorporates a magnetoelastic coupling as a key ingredient.

Premartensitic and martensitic phase transition in ferromagnetic Ni2MnGa

We present an experimental study of the premartensitic and martensitic phase transitions in a Ni2MnGa single crystal by using ultrasonic techniques. The effect of applied magnetic field and uniaxial compressive stress has been investigated. It has been found that they substantially modify the elastic and magnetic behavior of the alloy. These experimental findings are a consequence of magnetoelastic effects. The measured magnetic and vibrational behavior agrees with the predictions of a recently proposed Landau-type model [A. Planes et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3926 (1997)] that incorporates a magnetoelastic coupling as a key ingredient.

50 Jahre Gesetz über die Vereinheitlichung des Gesundheitswesens

Vor 1933 hatte sich in Deutschland im staatlichen und im kommunalen Bereich ein vielfach differenziertes öffentliches Gesundheitswesen entwickelt. Für die Protagonisten der nationalsozialistischen Erbpflege und Rassenhygiene war aber ein einheitlich gestaltetes öffentliches Gesundheitswesen eine wesentliche Voraussetzung, um ihre gesundheitspolitischen Ziele zu verwirklichen. Dem für Erbgesundheits- und Rassenpflege zuständigen Referenten Dr. Arthur Gütt und dem Reichsministerium des Innern gelang es in der noch "staatsorientierten" Phase der Konsolidierung des NS-Regimes, gegen den Widerstand eigener Abteilungen, anderer Ministerien, der Länder, des Deutschen Gemeindetages und der gesundheitlichen Unterorganisation der NSDAP des "Gesetz über die Vereinheitlichung des Gesundheitswesens" (= GVG) durchzusetzen: durch das GVG vom 3. Juli 1934 wurden staatlicher Gesundheitsschutz, kommunale Gesundheitspflege und nationalsozialistische Erb- und Rassenpflege zu reichseinheitlichen Pflichtaufgaben; diese durchzuführen, oblag dem jetzt erst geschaffenen öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst, den Gesundheitsämtern und den Einheitsmedizinalbeamten.