Cell junctions in fish seminiferous epithelium

Similar to mammals, in fish the cellular interactions between Sertoli cells (SC) and germ cells (GC) in the seminiferous epithelium have important structural and functional roles. In this review, we give a brief summary of these interactions, in particular those on the cell junctions. Despite the scarcity of detailed empirical data, it appears that both basic types of adhesive junctions (actin- and intermediate filaments-related) are present between SC. However, the actin-related multifunctional junction known as the ectoplasmic specialization is seemingly present only in some cartilaginous fish. Conversely, SC in other fish species are joined by actin-related junctions similar to typical zonulae or puncta adherens found in other epithelia. Adhesive junctions are also found between SC and GC and between GC and GC, and due to their particular characteristics these junctions are known as desmosome-like junctions. In terms of intercellular communication, connexins and gap junctions have been shown to occur between SC in fish, and they may be involved in the coordination of the synchronous development of GC within the cysts. It is also possible that gap junctions may form an interconnected network between SC and GC within a cyst. Concerning the SC barrier, tight junctions between fish SC apparently form a functional barrier only in cysts containing haploid GC, and different from mammals, meiotic GC in fish are not shielded from the vascular system. In summary, although still not well investigated, cell-cell interactions in the seminiferous epithelium of fish seem to be crucial for GC development, and their disturbance, for example by changing environmental conditions, will probably affect GC survival and fertility. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.

Avaliação clínica, radiográfica e histopatológia após aprofundamento do sulco troclear e aplicação de grampo metálico: estudo experimental em cães

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Estudo comparativo da musculatura associada à alimentação entre as raias-viola Rhinobatos percellens e Zapteryx brevirostris (Chondrichthyes, Rhinobatidade)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cultura de condrócitos para o uso terapêutico: reconstituição de cartilagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Revisão taxonômica do gênero Hassar Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888, com a descrição osteológica de Hassar orestis (Steindachner, 1875) (Siluriformes, Doradidae)

O gênero Hassar (Doradidae) é um grupo natural de Siluriformes Neotropical. No presente trabalho foi realizada revisão taxonômica do referido gênero com a descrição osteológica de Hassar orestis, espécie-tipo do gênero. Este estudo foi fundamentado no levantamento e análise de caracteres morfológicos, morfométricos, merísticos e de padrão de coloração para o reconhecimento das espécies válidas e conseqüentes diagnoses e redescrições. Foram analisados 727 exemplares, provenientes de instituições nacionais e estrangeiras, envolvendo indivíduos preservados em álcool, preparados para esqueleto seco, diafanizados, radiografados e fotografados. Os exemplares foram analisados diretamente ou com auxílio de microscópio-estereoscópico e câmara clara. Medidas foram feitas, preferencialmente, do lado esquerdo do indivíduo. A descrição osteológica de Hassar orestis foi fundamentada na análise de 23 exemplares de instituições nacionais e estrangeiras e foi dividida em grupos funcionais osteológicos que são: elementos do neurocrânio, arco mandibular, arco hióide, arcos branquiais, esqueleto axial, placas nucais e nadadeira dorsal, sistema látero-sensorial e esqueleto apendicular. Os dados foram digitalizados e armazenados em formato de planilhas. Os resultados mostraram que Hassar é formado por duas espécies válidas: H. orestis e H. affinis. Hassar orestis é a espécie-tipo, tendo como sinônimo H. ucayalensis. Hassar affinis tem como sinônimos H. wilderi, H. iheringi e H. woodi. Hassar orestis e H. affinis se diferenciam pela posição do 1° espinho medial (no escudo infranucal ou entre o 1° e 8° escudo lateral vs. entre o 9° e 16° escudo lateral), número de escudos laterais providos de espinho medial (24 a 33 vs. 18 a 23) e pelos divertículos marginais filiformes da bexiga natatória (distintamente maiores vs. reduzidos ou ausentes). Os adultos (> 14 cm) de H. orestis e H. affinis diferiram pela altura do pedúnculo caudal (4,11-5,71% SL vs. 5,73 -7,63% SL) e pelo tamanho da pálpebra adiposa (conspícua e alongada na borda anterior dos olhos vs. tênue na borda anterior dos olhos). Não houve diferenças morfológicas, morfométricas e merísticas entre jovens e adultos da mesma espécie. As espécies apresentaram o mesmo padrão de coloração. Exemplares de H. orestis (N=551) possuem mancha enegrecida subterminal nos primeiros raios da nadadeira dorsal, diferentemente de H. affinis (N=176) cuja mancha pode ser subterminal ou terminal. A presença de prolongamento cartilaginoso no primeiro raio da nadadeira dorsal, em alguns machos de H. orestis, corroborou o dimorfismo sexual para espécie. Exemplares de H. orestis, provenientes dos rios Amazonas, Solimões e Negro, diferem da população do rio Branco e das Bacias dos rios Essequibo e Orinoco pela presença ou não de espinhos nos escudos timpânicos e no escudo infranucal. Não há diferença quanto à bexiga natatória dessas populações. A distribuição de H. affinis foi ampliada para os rios Solimões, Tapajós, baixo e alto Xingu, Tocantins, Araguaia, Parnaíba e Sistema Pindaré-Mearim. Hassar affinis e H. orestis apresentam ampla distribuição, parcialmente disjunta, com uma área de simpatria. A descrição osteológica da espécie-tipo proporcionou um melhor conhecimento anatômico do grupo, que serve de dado básico para trabalhos como anatomia, ontogenia, ecomorfologia e futuros eventuais trabalhos de sistemática e taxonomia.

Injuries by marine and freshwater stingrays: history, clinical aspects of the envenomations and current status of a neglected problem in Brazil

Stingrays are a group of rays - cartilaginous fish related to sharks - that have whiplike tails with barbed, usually venomous spines and are found around the world, especially the marine species. Despite recent reports of accidents involving these fish, they are not aggressive, reacting only when stepped on or improperly handled. Injuries by stingrays are seldom mentioned by historians, although they have always been present in riverine communities of inland waters and in South American coasts. Indeed, envenomations by stingrays are quite common in freshwater and marine fishing communities. Although having high morbidity, such injuries are neglected because they have low lethality and usually occur in remote areas, which favor the use of folk remedies. In the present review article, historical aspects of injuries caused by stingrays in Brazil and their distribution on the coast of Sao Paulo state and riverine communities of the North, Midwest and Southeast regions were studied. In addition, other aspects were analyzed such as clinical features, therapeutic methods, preventive measures and trends in occurrence of these accidents in the country, particularly in areas in which freshwater stingrays had not been previously registered, being introduced after breaching of natural barriers.

Using Conservative Condylectomy for Management of a Large Osteochondroma of the Mandibular Condyle With 6-Year Follow- up

Osteochondroma is a hamartomatous proliferation of cartilaginous tissue, which is the most common benign tumor of the long bones, but is relatively rare in the maxillofacial region. Most cases of mandibular condylar osteochondroma manifest with facial asymmetry or malocclusion with limited temporomandibular joint movements. Several approaches for management of this lesion have been proposed, as conservative condylectomy technique. This procedure has been suggested a valid approach to minimize facial asymmetry, contributing to the recovery of occlusion associated with no local tumor recurrence, and without condylar reconstruction procedure. Therefore, this article aims to describe a clinical report of a true osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle in a 35-year-old patient who was successfully treated using conservative condylectomy procedure.

Light-emitting diode effects on combined decellularization of tracheae. A novel approach to obtain biological scaffolds

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Double-lumen catheter in the right jugular vein induces two sub-endothelial abscesses in an unusual place, the transition between the superior vena cava and the right atrium: a case report

Endocarditis is a type of infection that is common in internal medicine wards and in haemodialysis clinics. The location that is most affected are the heart valves. Herein, we report a case of an uncommon abscess, a sub-endothelial abscess between the transition of the superior vena cava and the right atrium. There were several emboli to the lung and foot, and the agent was related to Staphylococcus aureus and a double-lumen catheter. Usually, this type of abscess is located in valves, either the tricuspid valve if related to catheters or injection drug use or the mitral valve if related to other causes. An exhaustive review was made, but we found no information about the location of this abscess and the rarity of the event motivating the report of infection.

Evolution and genomic organization of muscle microRNAs in fish genomes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação física e radiográfica dos carpos, tarsos e articulações interfalangeanas de touros de raças zebuínas em regime de colheita de sêmen

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Validation of cone-beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the porcine spine: a comparative study with multidetector computed tomography and anatomical specimens

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mudanças climáticas previstas para o final do século afetam o desempenho e o desenvolvimento esquelético de larvas de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Developmental basis of limb homology in Pleurodiran turtles, and the identity of the hooked element in the chelonian tarsus

Although Pleurodiran turtles represent an important component of extant turtle radiation, our knowledge of the development and homology of limb bones in turtles rests mostly upon observations made on derived members of the Cryptodiran clade. Herein, we describe limb development in three pleurodirans: Podocnemis unifilis Troschel, 1848, Podocnemis sextuberculata Cornalia, 1849 and Phrynops hilarii (Dumeril and Bibron, 1835), in an effort to contribute to filling this anatomical gap. For earlier stages of limb development, we described the Y-shaped condensation that gave rise to the zeugopodial cartilages, and differentiation of the primary axis/digital arch that reveals the invariant pattern common to tetrapods. There are up to four central cartilaginous foci in the carpus, and the proximal tarsale is formed by the fusion of the fibulare, intermedium, and centrale 4. Digital development is similar for the five digits. Changes in toe V occur predominantly in the distal tarsale 5. Ontogenetic reduction of phalanges is observed in toe V of Podocnemis. Based on these results, we suggest that the hooked element present in the chelonian tarsus, and traditionally recognized as a modified fifth metatarsale, is actually the fifth distal tarsale. Additionally, our data on limb development of pleurodiran turtles supply more taxonomically comprehensive information to interpret limb configuration within the chelonian clade. (C) 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 155, 845-866.

Skeletal development in the fossorial gymnophthalmids Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus and Nothobachia ablephara

The development of the cartilaginous and bony elements that form the skull and axial and appendicular skeleton is described in detail for the post-ovipositional embryonic development of the fossorial gymnophthalmid species Calyptommatus sinebrachiatus and Nothobachia ablephara. Both species have a snake-like morphology, showing an elongated body and reduced or absent limbs, as well as modifications in skull bones for burrowing, such as complex articulation surfaces and development of bony extensions that enclose and protect the brain. Similar morphological changes have originated independently in several squamate groups, including the one that led to the snake radiation. This study characterizes the patterns of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, with special emphasis on the features associated with the burrowing habit, and may be used for future comparative analyses of the developmental patterns involved in the origin of the convergent serpentiform morphologies. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.