Concepções e práticas de avaliação de professores de ciências físico-químicas do ensino básico

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as concepções e práticas de avaliação de professores portugueses de Ciências Físico-Químicas do ensino básico e conhecer como estes integram a avaliação nas suas aulas no contexto de uma reorganização curricular. Realizaram-se três estudos de caso, em que participaram professores com menos de três anos de serviço. A recolha de dados consistiu na observação naturalista de aulas, entrevistas semiestruturadas e documentos fornecidos pelos participantes. Os resultados evidenciam duas concepções de avaliação das aprendizagens: avaliação da aprendizagem e avaliação para a aprendizagem. Um dos participantes evidencia uma concepção de avaliação da aprendizagem, valorizando uma avaliação de natureza sumativa. Os professores com uma concepção sobre avaliação para a aprendizagem promovem uma avaliação orientada para a melhoria das aprendizagens, valorizando o carácter formativo da avaliação. Relativamente às práticas avaliativas dos três participantes, verificou-se que os critérios de avaliação não são explicitados aos alunos, o feedback é pouco frequente e os alunos têm um papel reduzido no processo de avaliação. Todos os professores demonstram dificuldades na avaliação das competências atitudinais e processuais, sendo que, apenas um dos participantes elabora registos de observação para avaliar estas competências. Os testes constituem o principal instrumento de avaliação nas aulas dos professores participantes neste estudo, o que é coerente com uma concepção de ensino e aprendizagem ainda, marcadamente tradicional.

Cognitive-behavioural phenotype in a group of girls from 1.2 to 12 years old with the Incontinentia Pigmenti syndrome:recommendations for clinical management

Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP, OMIM#308300) is a rare X-linked genomic disorder (about 1,400 cases) that affects the neuroectodermal tissue and Central Nervous System (CNS). The objective of this study was to describe the cognitive-behavioural profile in children in order to plan a clinical intervention to improve their quality of life. A total of 14 girls (age range: from 1 year and 2 months to 12 years and 10 months) with IP and the IKBKG/NEMO gene deletion were submitted to a cognitive assessment including intelligence scales, language and visuo-spatial competence tests, learning ability tests, and a behavioural assessment. Five girls had severe to mild intellectual deficiencies and the remaining nine had a normal neurodevelopment. Four girls were of school age and two of these showed no intellectual disability, but had specific disabilities in calculation and arithmetic reasoning. This is the first description of the cognitive-behavioural profile in relation to developmental age. We stress the importance of an early assessment of learning abilities in individuals with IP without intellectual deficiencies to prevent the onset of any such deficit.

The mathematics anxiety of bilingual community college students

Math anxiety levels and performance outcomes were compared for bilingual and monolingual community college Intermediate Algebra students attending a culturally diverse urban commuter college. Participants (N = 618, 250 men, 368 women; 361 monolingual, 257 bilingual) completed the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) and a demographics instrument. Bilingual and monolingual students reported comparable mean AMAS scores (20.6 and 20.7, respectively) and comparable proportions of math anxious individuals (50% and 48%, respectively). Factor analysis of AMAS scores, using principal component analysis by varimax rotation, yielded similar two-factor structures for both populations -- assessment and learning content -- accounting for 65.6% of the trace for bilingual AMAS scores. Statistically significant predictor variables for levels of math anxiety for the bilingual participants included (a) preparatory course enrollment (β = .236, p = .041) with those enrolled in prior preparatory courses scoring higher, (b) education major (β = .285, p = .018) with education majors scoring higher, and (c) business major (β = .252, p = .032) with business majors scoring higher. One statistically significant predictor variable emerged for monolingual students, gender (β = -.085, p = .001) with females ranking higher. Age, income, race, ethnicity, U.S. origin, science or health science majors did not emerge as statistically significant predictor variables for either group.^ Similarities between monolingual and bilingual participants included statistically significant negative linear correlations between AMAS scores and course grades for both bilingual (r = -.178, p = .017) and monolingual participants (r = -.203, p = .001). Differences included a statistically significant linear correlation between AMAS scores and final exam grades for monolingual participants only (r = -.253, p < .0009) despite no statistically significant difference in the strength the linear relationship of the AMAS scores and the final exam scores between groups, z = 1.35, p = .1756.^ The findings show that bilingual and monolingual students report math anxiety similarly and that math anxiety has similar associations with performance measures, despite differences between predictor variables. One of the first studies on the math anxiety of bilingual community college students, the results suggest recommendations for researchers and practitioners.^

Utilização de mapas conceituais como ferramenta de ensino para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio clínico no curso de medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

BACKGROUND: Among the wide range of skills displayed by a medical doctor is undoubtedly the need to use cohesive and well grounded clinical reasoning in order for medical care to be indeed effective. It is in this respect that conceptual maps emerge; these are a methodological innovation that allows a comprehensive, panoramic and associative outlook of theoretical content, making it more practical and applicable to the reality of clinical observation. Promoting learning, learning resources and a feedback system between professor and students, as well as assessing and monitoring the performance of students during their academic training, are the main features of this tool. OBJETIVE: Assess the use of conceptual maps as a teaching-learning tool in the training of undergraduate medical students at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). METHODOLOGY: Interventional, randomized, cross-sectional study conducted with students from the 3rd and 5th periods of the medical course at UFRN, during the second semester of 2014, totaling 86 participants, divided into two groups: GI (intervention – clinical case resolution with a conceptual map) and GII (control – clinical case resolution without a conceptual map) in each period. RESULTS: The use of conceptual maps to teach liver failure syndrome resulted in a statistically significant cognitive gain for G1 students from the 5th period (GI: 6.8±1.6 and 8.0±1.5, p = 0.024; GII: 7.2±2.1 and 8.0±1.7, p = 0.125, pre and post-intermediate means, respectively), a result not observed in the period 3rd (GI: 7.7±1.3 and 8.0±1.4, p = 0.501; GII: 6.7±1.8 and 7.8±1.8; p=0.068, pre and post-intermediate means, respectively). Students in the 3 rd period gave better responses to the first clinical case, with a larger number of suitable concepts and crosslinks, when they used conceptual maps (GI: 91.3±13.15 and GII: 64.84±22.84, p=0,002). Students in the 5th period exhibited better clinical reasoning and more complete responses using the tool (p=0,01). Most of the students were not aware of the tool (53.8% from the 3rd period and 65.3% from the 5th period). Among those who knew about conceptual maps, most (59.3%) had only used them during high school, 14.8% had never used them and only seven students (25.9%) used them during the medical course. Analysis of open responses, obtained in process assessment showed clear satisfaction and enthusiasm with learning about the new tool, and frequent suggestions to use it at other moments in the course. Assessment of learning profile, using the VARK questionnaire, showed that most students from both periods exhibited a multimodal style. CONCLUSION: Despite their scant knowledge regarding the tool, good acceptability and understanding was observed in the study participants. The conceptual maps allowed cognitive gains, better responses and clinical reasoning in teaching liver failure syndrome to 5th period students.

The Mathematics Anxiety of Bilingual Community College Students

Math anxiety levels and performance outcomes were compared for bilingual and monolingual community college Intermediate Algebra students attending a culturally diverse urban commuter college. Participants (N = 618, 250 men, 368 women; 361 monolingual, 257 bilingual) completed the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) and a demographics instrument. Bilingual and monolingual students reported comparable mean AMAS scores (20.6 and 20.7, respectively) and comparable proportions of math anxious individuals (50% and 48%, respectively). Factor analysis of AMAS scores, using principal component analysis by varimax rotation, yielded similar two-factor structures for both populations -- assessment and learning content -- accounting for 65.6% of the trace for bilingual AMAS scores. Statistically significant predictor variables for levels of math anxiety for the bilingual participants included (a) preparatory course enrollment (β = .236, p = .041) with those enrolled in prior preparatory courses scoring higher, (b) education major (β = .285, p = .018) with education majors scoring higher, and (c) business major (β = .252, p = .032) with business majors scoring higher. One statistically significant predictor variable emerged for monolingual students, gender (β = -.085, p = .001) with females ranking higher. Age, income, race, ethnicity, U.S. origin, science or health science majors did not emerge as statistically significant predictor variables for either group. Similarities between monolingual and bilingual participants included statistically significant negative linear correlations between AMAS scores and course grades for both bilingual (r = -.178, p = .017) and monolingual participants (r = -.203, p = .001). Differences included a statistically significant linear correlation between AMAS scores and final exam grades for monolingual participants only (r = -.253, p < .0009) despite no statistically significant difference in the strength the linear relationship of the AMAS scores and the final exam scores between groups, z = 1.35, p = .1756. The findings show that bilingual and monolingual students report math anxiety similarly and that math anxiety has similar associations with performance measures, despite differences between predictor variables. One of the first studies on the math anxiety of bilingual community college students, the results suggest recommendations for researchers and practitioners.

Educación superior y competencias para el empleo. El punto de vista de los empresarios

La relevancia del conocimiento como input del proceso productivo ha aumentado la complejidad de la contratación en el mercado de trabajo cualificado. Como consecuencia de ello, se ha generado un proceso de reflexión sobre la adecuación de la acreditación universitaria a las necesidades del mercado de trabajo. Académicos, gerentes y expertos en el mercado de trabajadores altamente cualificados han tenido parte en esta reflexión durante mucho tiempo. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo la identificación de las competencias profesionales con mayor relevancia en la empleabilidad de los graduados en Economía y Empresa. El análisis se basa en una investigación cualitativa que toma como fuentes de información las opiniones de los empleadores. La información para el estudio ha sido obtenida mediante entrevistas en profundidad y la realización de un grupo de discusión. En este proceso han participado empresarios, responsables del servicio de prácticas de la Universidad de Barcelona, expertos y responsables de empresa de colocación, representantes de organizaciones empresariales y profesores universitarios. La atención se centra en la percepción que los entrevistados tienen del requerimiento de conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes, en el grado en que los desarrollan y en los cambios que se necesitarían para lograr una mejor correspondencia entre las competencias adquiridas por los graduados y las requeridas por el mercado de trabajo. A partir de la clasificación de las competencias profesionales (proyecto Tuning), el estudio pone de relieve la importancia otorgada por los empleadores a de las competencias genéricas. No obstante, se observan diferencias valorativas según la tipología de empresas. Asimismo, se evidencian déficits en algunos aspectos relevantes, como la formación práctica y la capacidad de iniciativa, de análisis o de organización. Por último, de las opiniones recogidas también se constata la necesidad de aproximar la universidad al sistema productivo, al menos en el campo económico-empresarial.

Loughborough College: Badges mean progress in English GCSE

GCSE English resit students at Loughborough College learn difficult vocabulary by testing themselves on their mobile devices with the language learning app, Memrise. Competing with each other to earn badges for each completed test motivates students to tackle less appealing aspects of the curriculum. This innovative assessment-for-learning approach helps staff track individual learners’ progress so they can provide more support to those who need it.

Aplicación web para enseñanza/aprendizaje de cálculo y álgebra

El principal objetivo de este trabajo fin de grado es la implementación de una aplicación web que permita realizar actividades de enseñanza/aprendizaje en las ramas de cálculo y álgebra de las matemáticas, enfocada principalmente en los contenidos impartidos en las asignaturas de matemáticas en Bachillerato, concretamente de la unidad de realización de derivadas. Se han desarrollado dos modelos: Uno para el profesor, que permite la generación de los ejercicios, así como la consulta de las posibles soluciones. Esta aplicación ofrece al docente la posibilidad de mediante una serie de ajustes, generar de forma dinámica las actividades deseadas. Otro para el alumno, que permite la realización de las actividades y la inclusión de respuestas paso a paso, además de la visualización de las correcciones a sus procedimientos. Para el desarrollo de estas aplicaciones se ha usado el lenguaje Java con ayuda de JSON para el intercambio de datos. También se ha utilizado el motor de respuestas Wolfram Alpha para realizar las correcciones paso a paso de las respuestas de los alumnos.

Relatório final de estágio realizado na Escola Secundária de Mem Martins

O presente relatório foi realizado no âmbito do mestrado em ensino da educação física nos ensinos básico e secundário da Faculdade de Motricidade Humana. Este relatório finaliza assim o processo de formação inicial, sendo o estágio pedagógico realizado na escola secundária de Mem Martins, em Rio de Mouro, concelho de Sintra. O contexto, nos seus diferentes níveis, torna-se essencial para a caracterização de qualquer profissão, introduzindo a reflexão critica nas quatro áreas de intervenção do estágio i.e., organização e gestão do ensino e da aprendizagem, investigação e inovação pedagógica, participação na escola e relação com a comunidade. O acompanhamento de uma turma do 9º ano permitiu o desenvolvimento de trabalhos de acompanhamento da direção de turma, planeamento, condução do ensino e avaliação. Foi ainda desenvolvida uma investigação sobre a motivação dos alunos do ensino secundário nas aulas de educação física. Num contexto de participação na escola, foram realizadas atividades no seio do grupo disciplinar, havendo ainda lugar para tarefas como o acompanhamento do desporto escolar e a integração num projeto de rastreio, acompanhamento e sessões educacionais com vista a melhoria da condição física dos alunos. O contacto com a realidade escolar, numa disciplina prática como a educação física, é fundamental na formação de professores de qualidade, sendo que este se verificou fundamental para o desenvolvimento profissional, que se revelou importante para a evolução do professor.

Concepções e práticas de avaliação das aprendizagens na educação pré-escolar

Esta dissertação teve como problemática as conceções e as práticas de avaliação das aprendizagens, que três educadoras de infância da cidade de Évora utilizam para avaliar as crianças, segundo o modelo ou as orientações curriculares que seguem. Privilegiámos uma investigação de natureza qualitativa, utilizando como estratégia de investigação o estudo de casos e como técnicas de recolha e tratamento de dados a observação, análise documental, inquérito por entrevista e análise de conteúdo. Para desenvolver este estudo, realizámos pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a avaliação das aprendizagens em geral e segundo os modelos curriculares do Movimento da Escola Moderna e o High-Scope e as Orientações Curriculares para a Educação Pré-Escolar. Constatámos que o referencial teórico da ação educativa influencia as conceções e as práticas de avaliação das aprendizagens que as educadoras utilizam. Também verificámos alguns constrangimentos na avaliação, nomeadamente o tamanho do grupo de crianças. /ABSTRACT: This thesis had as problematic the conceptions and assessment practices of learning that three nursery teachers in the city of Évora use to assess children, according to the model or the curriculum guidelines according to the work. We gave importance to a research of a qualitative nature, using as strategy research the study of cases and as techniques for collecting and processing data the observation, document analysis, enquiry through interview and analysis of the content. To develop this study, we conducted bibliographic research about the assessment of learning in general and according the curricular models of the Movement of Modem School, High-Scope and Guidelines for the Pre-School education. We found that the theoretical framework of educational action influences educational concepts and practice of learning assessment that educators use. We have also seen some constraints in the assessment, including the size of the group of children.

An enforced cooperation : understanding scientific assessments in adversarial polities through Quebec shale gas policymaking, 2010-2014

Les biotechnologies, le réchauffement climatique, les ressources naturelles et la gestion des écosystèmes sont tous représentatifs de la “nouvelle politique de la nature” (Hajer 2003), un terme englobant les enjeux marqués par une grande incertitude scientifique et un encadrement réglementaire inadapté aux nouvelles réalités, suscitant de fait un conflit politique hors du commun. Dans l'espoir de diminuer ces tensions et de générer un savoir consensuel, de nombreux gouvernements se tournent vers des institutions scientifiques ad hoc pour documenter l'élaboration des politiques et répondre aux préoccupations des partie-prenantes. Mais ces évaluations scientifiques permettent-elles réellement de créer une compréhension commune partagée par ces acteurs politiques polarisés? Alors que l'on pourrait croire que celles-ci génèrent un climat d'apprentissage collectif rassembleur, un environnement politique conflictuel rend l'apprentissage entre opposant extrêmement improbable. Ainsi, cette recherche documente le potentiel conciliateur des évaluation scientifique en utilisant le cas des gaz de schiste québécois (2010-2014). Ce faisant, elle mobilise la littérature sur les dimensions politiques du savoir et de la science afin de conceptualiser le rôle des évaluations scientifiques au sein d'une théorie de la médiation scientifique (scientific brokerage). Une analyse de réseau (SNA) des 5751 références contenues dans les documents déposés par 268 organisations participant aux consultations publiques de 2010 et 2014 constitue le corps de la démonstration empirique. Précisément, il y est démontré comment un médiateur scientifique peut rediriger le flux d'information afin de contrer l'incompatibilité entre apprentissage collectif et conflit politique. L'argument mobilise les mécanismes cognitifs traditionnellement présents dans la théorie des médiateurs de politique (policy broker), mais introduit aussi les jeux de pouvoir fondamentaux à la circulation de la connaissance entre acteurs politiques.

An enforced cooperation : understanding scientific assessments in adversarial polities through Quebec shale gas policymaking, 2010-2014

Les biotechnologies, le réchauffement climatique, les ressources naturelles et la gestion des écosystèmes sont tous représentatifs de la “nouvelle politique de la nature” (Hajer 2003), un terme englobant les enjeux marqués par une grande incertitude scientifique et un encadrement réglementaire inadapté aux nouvelles réalités, suscitant de fait un conflit politique hors du commun. Dans l'espoir de diminuer ces tensions et de générer un savoir consensuel, de nombreux gouvernements se tournent vers des institutions scientifiques ad hoc pour documenter l'élaboration des politiques et répondre aux préoccupations des partie-prenantes. Mais ces évaluations scientifiques permettent-elles réellement de créer une compréhension commune partagée par ces acteurs politiques polarisés? Alors que l'on pourrait croire que celles-ci génèrent un climat d'apprentissage collectif rassembleur, un environnement politique conflictuel rend l'apprentissage entre opposant extrêmement improbable. Ainsi, cette recherche documente le potentiel conciliateur des évaluation scientifique en utilisant le cas des gaz de schiste québécois (2010-2014). Ce faisant, elle mobilise la littérature sur les dimensions politiques du savoir et de la science afin de conceptualiser le rôle des évaluations scientifiques au sein d'une théorie de la médiation scientifique (scientific brokerage). Une analyse de réseau (SNA) des 5751 références contenues dans les documents déposés par 268 organisations participant aux consultations publiques de 2010 et 2014 constitue le corps de la démonstration empirique. Précisément, il y est démontré comment un médiateur scientifique peut rediriger le flux d'information afin de contrer l'incompatibilité entre apprentissage collectif et conflit politique. L'argument mobilise les mécanismes cognitifs traditionnellement présents dans la théorie des médiateurs de politique (policy broker), mais introduit aussi les jeux de pouvoir fondamentaux à la circulation de la connaissance entre acteurs politiques.

Relatório no âmbito da unidade curricular prática de ensino supervisionada, realizada na Escola Secundária/3 Rainha Santa Isabel de Estremoz

O presente relatório foi produzido no âmbito da unidade curricular Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, que faz parte do Mestrado em Ensino do Português no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e Ensino Secundário e de Espanhol nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, sob a orientação da Professora Doutora Ângela Maria Franco Martins Coelho de Paiva Balça. Identifica-se, na sua essência basilar, como um trabalho reflexivo-descritivo sobre a prática aplicada e efetuada no ano letivo 2015/2016, no lecionamento das disciplinas de Português em duas turmas de 10º ano, e de Espanhol – Língua Estrangeira I numa de 7º ano, na Escola Secundária/3 Rainha Santa Isabel, de Estremoz. Além do mais, também constitui o expoente de todo o processo levado a cabo durante os dois anos do Mestrado, o qual permitiu e conduziu à revisão, modificação, inovação e progressão em matéria de conceitos, ideias, noções, ações e teorias, quer fossem mais antigas ou recentes. Este é o produto final e contributo para o desenvolvimento e melhoria a nível pessoal e profissional. Através do conhecimento da literatura teórica e da sua aplicação na ação, a reflexão compromete-nos a cumprir uma prática fundamentada e apoiada em toda a documentação mundial, europeia e portuguesa normativa e de referência para o exercício da profissão docente o mais completo e eficaz possível. Mais do que um relatório, é uma avaliação orientativa da dimensão transformadora no desempenho docente que, na sua parte mais cogitativa, expõe estruturalmente: a observação e o seu registo; a observação em contexto; a planificação; a orientação; a componente letiva – aulas lecionadas (análise, aprendizagem e melhorias) e a pesquisa reflexiva na abordagem dos inquéritos passados nas turmas de Português e de Espanhol; e, por fim, a abordagem reflexiva sobre a avaliação formativa das aprendizagens realizada às turmas de 10º ano, na disciplina de Português; ABSTRACT: This report was produced in the scope of Supervised Teaching Practice’s curricular unit, which is part of the Master’s Degree in Teaching Portuguese for the 3rd stage of Primary Education and Secondary Education, and Spanish Foreign Language Teaching for Primary and Secondary Education, under the supervision of Dr. Ângela Maria Franco Martins Coelho de Paiva Balça. In its basic essence, this is a reflective and descriptive paper about practices applied and performed for the 2015-2016 school year to teach Portuguese, in two tenth grade classes, and Spanish as a Foreign Language, in one seventh grade class at Rainha Santa Isabel School of Estremoz. Furthermore, it outlines the entire process carried out during the two years of the Master’s Degree, which provided and led to review, change, breakthrough, and advancement regarding concepts, ideas, assumptions, and theories, whether they were pre-existing or more recent. This is the final product and the contribution towards development and improvement in personal and professional terms. Through knowledge of theoretical literature and applying it to practice, the reflection leads us to compile substantiated and supported practice in all worldwide, European, and Portuguese standards and reference documentation for the most effective pursuit of the profession. More than a report, this is an evaluation of transformation in teaching performance that structurally examines the following: observation and its registration; observation in the field; lesson design; guidance and monitoring; a teaching component (analysis, apprenticeships, and improvements) with a reflective element based on the results of the Portuguese and Spanish class surveys; and, finally, a reflexive approach about formative assessment of student learning that took place within the Portuguese course.

Creencias y prácticas de autoevaluación del aprendizaje vigentes en los procesos de formación profesional desarrollados en el CIDE durante el 2007

This article identifies beliefs and practices of self-learning existing processes developed in the CIDE during 2007. It is based on a research project with two groups of informants both academics from CIDE, that during the decade of the 90 participated in the experience of self-learning, some of themas teachers and other as students. Current practices being carried out by academics in the field of self-reporting of apprenticeships in the CIDE, show that they attach great importance to this process in the lesson and agree on the necessity to implement this process in concrete terms, that because, experiences become isolated initiatives that do not fall within any policy, guideline or orientation openly raised by the community CIDE. The beliefs of the participants with regard to the possibility of implementing self-evaluation processes of learning in the training that develops the CIDE, highlight the need for scholars to train group of academics and students in this field and also create more spaces for student involvement. Moreover, scholars believe that the self-assessment of learning is a strategy for developing metacognitive processes and reflective, which is considered a core importance in the training provided by the Centre.

Pedagogia do esporte : pressupostos para uma teoria da avaliação da aprendizagem = Sport pedagogy: presuppositions for a learning assessment theory

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física