Cinética de lactato sanguíneo durante exercício de natação em ratos desnutridos recém-desmamados

Sabe-se que a desnutrição protéica fetal/neonatal pode predispor à resistência à insulina e à síndrome metabólica após recuperação nutricional. O treinamento físico, por sua vez, melhora a tolerância à glicose e a sensibilidade à insulina, além de exercer efeitos benéficos ao crescimento somático. Por outro lado, faltam informações quanto à habilidade de organismos desnutridos muito jovens para a realização do exercício. Modelos animais podem auxiliar a investigação desta questão, uma vez que o estudo em humanos apresenta limitações. Alimentação de ratos com dietas isocalóricas com baixo teor protéico é um modelo de desnutrição bastante utilizado para simular a desnutrição humana. Assim sendo, o presente estudo foi delineado para avaliar a cinética de lactato sanguíneo durante uma sessão de natação de ratos recém desmamados submetidos à restrição protéica fetal/neonatal. Foram avaliados dois grupos de animais recém-desmamados (21 dias, machos), contendo 8 animais em cada um: Normoprotéico (NP), crias de ratas alimentados com dieta normoprotéica (AIN 93G, 17% caseína) durante a gestação e a lactação e Hipoprotéico (HP):crias de ratas alimentados com dieta normoprotéica (6% caseína) durante a gestação e a lactação. Foram analisados peso ao nascer, concentrações séricas de proteínas totais e albumina dos recém-nascidos assim como ao desmame. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste t de student não pareado, sendo o nível de significância pré-estabelecido em 5%. Quando se avaliou os animais recémnascidos observou-se que a restrição protéica neonatal foi eficaz na instalação do quadro de desnutrição visto menores valores referente ao peso corporal, proteínas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A prática pedagógica das lutas nas academias de ginástica

The fights are one of the most elementary manifestations of body culture, which are also constituted by sports, dances, games, and others. They are present in a lot of different ways, being very diverse among themselves. However, there is no consensus or agreements in the literature about the pedagogical practice of these modalities in fitness centers, sport clubs and sports centers. How do the teachers teach in these environments? What strategies do they use? How do they organize the contents? In what subjects they are based to execute the teaching and learning process? In this way, the objective of this study was to analyze some classes from different styles of fights/ martial arts teachers, trying to find what are their focus, goals, methodologies, classes’ dynamics and didactical and pedagogical procedures, aiming to check what is the focus of fights/ martial arts´ pedagogical practice in non-formal education. For this, it was selected one experienced teacher from the following modalities of fights from oriental origin: karate, judo, jiu jitsu and kung fu. The methodology used in this study consisted first in a literature review about the fights and sports pedagogy. Furthermore, there was one field research of qualitative nature, whose methods of data collection were divided in two: systematic observations of some classes of each teacher and semi-structured interviews with each teacher after the observation process, looking deeper into the pedagogical practice of these modalities. The results were analyzed through a content analyze, crossing the informations acquired with the instruments used. In addition to the description of these teachers and their classes, there was a classification of information, arriving the following categories: ritual and ceremony, tradition and discipline, didactical and pedagogical procedures ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Motivação para a prática da natação competitiva

A prática esportiva oferece excelentes oportunidades para o enfrentamento de desafios, desenvolver habilidades, planejar metas a serem atingidas e participar de atividades variadas e complexas. Saber o que leva as crianças e os adolescentes à prática da atividade esportiva é importante, para que sejam criadas melhores estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem e para que o aluno mantenha-se motivado naquela modalidade, visto que aprendizagem e motivação são independentes no ser humano, sendo a motivação um dos temas mais abordados em Psicologia do Esporte. A natação é considerada um dos esportes mais completos, por trabalhar praticamente toda a musculatura ao mesmo tempo, além de auxiliar na melhoria da capacidade respisratória do praticante. Sendo assim, os objetivos do presente estudo foram analisar a relação entre motivação e natação, evidenciando os motivos que levam à prática da natação, tanto por crianças, jovens e adultos, verificar as razões pelas quais nadadores se mantém firmes em seus objetivos e indagas as causas da desistência de nadadores competitivos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Análise da técnica dos estilos Crawl e Costas em praticantes de natação

The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the performance of swimmers tied to the Extension Project Natação na UNESP at distances of 25m, 50m, 75m and 100m. The study included 20 people, including 12 men and 8 women. From an aerial footage was possible to record the tests proposed by the analysis of videos of, Freestyleand Backstroke styles for stroke cycles, average speed, stroke frequency and time proof stretches of 0-25m, 25-50m, 50-75m e 75-100m. Thus, it was possible to calculate stroke length, frequency, average speed as proposed in the study of Maglischo (1999). From these data were applied to descriptive statistics with mean and standard deviation, minimum and maximum scores in the different parameters of analysis and statistical tests, t-test and correlation to make comparisons between styles and between the distances swims by the subjects. Regarding the performance of the participants in the eight proposed tests, it can be said that most have already mastered the styles Crawl and Back Crawl for having managed to finish the tests proposed. However, the results of the variables analyzed mainly by the total time obtained in the tests can classify the subjects in the initial phase of learning and to start the training will be necessary to improve the implementation of styles

Perfil de uso de recursos ergogênicos em academias da cidade de Bauru/SP

The increasing number of gyms and their patrons increasingly concerned about the health, appearance and aesthetics propagated by the media and the supply of ergogenic both food as hormonal some without proof of its effects generated interest for the study of consumption of such ergogenic goers by academies of Bauru/SP; objective was also to assess whether the Physical Education professionals are prepared to guide properly, such as the use of these goers ergogenic. To this end, a questionnaire specific to each category was used, to be answered voluntarily and anonymously, with closed and open questions divided into two parts: one for socio demographic characterization and another in which were discussed issues regarding the use/orientation ergogenic. The research involved a sample of 12 academies and 205 attendees, including 152 men (74.15%) and 53 (25.85) women. Among men, 61.18% (n=93) did use ergogenic(s) food(s), while among women, this percentage was 33.96% (n=18). Regarding the use of hormonal resources, only 4.61% (n=7) of men said they used; there were no cases of women using hormonal resources. Were also interviewed 19 assessors/trainers/teachers, two which fifteen (15) men and four (4) women. Most consumers of ergogenic: (1) is understood in the age group 21-30 years and the socioeconomic classification bands called B1 and B2; (2) practice bodybuilding and consumption ergogenic resources with purpose of muscular hypertrophy; (3) practicing bodybuilding for a period between 1 and 5 years, consumes ergogenic(s) for a period less than one year, and perhaps the most significant event, starts the consumption of ergogenic(s) in a period of less than one year after starting the practice of bodybuilding, and that there are consumers who start consuming ergogenic as soon begin the practice of bodybuilding; (4) has as its main source of indication for the use of ergogenic, the gym instructor, among which, some respondents reported...

Determinação de fatores de correção da intensidade de limiar anaeróbio em diferentes séries de treinamento intermitente na natação

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Formalidade, representação e linguagem: as academias brasílicas

Os Estatutos da Academia Brasílica dos Renascidos tratam dos deveres cabí- veis aos membros e fornecem as bases para o entendimento de uma das agremia- ções mais bem organizadas do Brasil Colonial, no mesmo instante em que se tornam fundamentais para a compreensão da dimensão histórica, política e científica do século XVIII. Elaborado em linguagem rebuscada, e fundamentado na cientificidade, esse documento dá a dimensão dos aspectos a serem tratados por três olhares, que se complementam, a saber, a formalidade, a representação e a prática da linguagem retórica, conferindo-lhe perspectivas interdisciplinares promovidas pela literatura, pela filologia e pela linguística, respectivamente.

Natação e desenvolvimento motor em idade escolar

Swimming is a sport well suited to any age group, it worked properly when the individual stimuli that provides assist in human development. But water stimulation, is not something that is so easily in physical education in Brazil. Development corresponds to changes that occur throughout life, but that depends on the stimuli provided. Several studies have shown positive effects of swimming in relation to the child. This study aimed to verify if children swimmers and physical education classes have better motor development than those who do not practice the sport. Collection was done with two groups of 10 students between 9 and 11 years. As a group consisting of non-swimmers, and another formed by those that complement the physical education class with the regular practice of swimming. To develop the study was administered a battery of the proposed motor adapted Rosa Neto (2002) in which each child performed tasks corresponding to their chronological age (CA) and were only able to perform the task at a later age, when it was obtained successful in completing the task as originally proposed. At the end of the application of all statistical tests was done getting mean and standard deviation of the old motor (IM), calculated the ratio General Motor (MGQ) for the classification of the child's motor development and application of the t test with p <0.05 to observe the level of significance in the results. The results showed that the group swimmers had better agility tests which resulted in a difference between (IC) and (IM) higher compared with the non-practitioner. They also had higher average (MGQ), but these were not sufficient to classify the group into another level of development, however, by observing isolated cases, two children that practice would be a greater level of development. Through the t test was observed that the group swimmers had significant difference in balance ability. We conclude that the swimming group got positive overall...

Natação Adaptada: análise da função pulmonar de pessoas com deficiência

The research discusses the pulmonary function of the students of SORRI that are part of the Project for the extension of the Department of Physical Education in Bauru Swimming for People with Disabilities during the aquatic activities, noting the changes in efficiency class of breathing with the practice of aquatic activity, by the analysis of the volume and respiratory capacity. The respiratory control is essential in the process of adaptation to the liquid medium, because a student who fails to immerse the face in the water will not be able to adopt a horizontal position sufficiently stable. The practice of aquatic activities requires a great effort of breathing. Therefore, the practice of aquatic activities influence favorably the breathing, because the movements performed in the water tone the diaphragm, which is the essential muscle of the breathing, allowing an improvement in pulmonary ventilation. For the purposes of this study, the sample was composed of 10 students of the SORRI of the city of Bauru forming part of the project Swimming for People with Disabilities, practicing swimming once a week for 1 hour. For the collection of lung volumes and capacities was used a transducer of air flow and a unit of data collection, model MP36, both of the brand Biopac connected to a computer, where the data were collected and recorded for later analysis. Two tests were carried out in a day with each participant in the project of swimming, and a test at the beginning of the lesson, at rest, and another after a series of 10 breaths carried out within the swimming pool. These tests were performed in the months of March and April. The analysis of the data was through the medium of the figures and also individually, noting the changes in respiratory function of students practicing aquatic activities, without which there would be no comparison between the participants. The measurements of the scores on the pre- and post-exercise show that the...

Protocolos de natação em modelos experimentais com ratos

Exercise physiology has attempted to reproduce the experimental exercise in the laboratory using mainly rats. The swimming exercise has emerged as one of the leading research in these type ergometers. Thus, this research consisted of a literature review addressing the key issues which involve the exercise of swimming in the model rats. Training of aerobic and anaerobic swimming, evaluation models and models of periodization were the topics suggested in this research. In several studies, models of aerobic and anaerobic training have been proposed with the aim of studying their effect on normal and abnormal physiological parameters. However, earlier studies lacked methods of analysis aiming to determine the exercise intensity in the animal model. For this reason, in the last decade, assessment models have been adapted for humans to animals, especially rats. The maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and lactate minimum (LM) are among the various techniques used to measure the amount of effort produced by swimming exercise in rats. Thereafter, based on biochemical parameters such as lactate, swimming exercise in rats has become the highest-rated, ie, using as reference the anaerobic threshold (AT). In another aspect, an entirely new line of research has tried to understand and promising swimming training in a periodized and its effects on some biochemical parameters. But this is an area little researched so far. Thus, the experimental model of swimming has proved an important resource of exercise physiology. From this model, it becomes possible to study the exercise, especially swimming, in more accurate, based on invasive and incisive analysis of the rat

Alunos de academias: objetivos buscados

The academies are important spaces for dissemination of physical activity and one of the own market niches of Physical Education professionals. The preparation of these professionals takes place in universities facing the transformation of the body through specific physical activities related to the different objectives pursued by the students of academies with what they can offer. Expected to identify the motivations that lead people to academies and whether such motivations are met by the academies. The study was conducted in two academies in the city of Rio Claro, SP, that meet different audiences by purchasing power. This qualitative research that used of the methodological tools of systematic observation and interview

As demandas do corpo: os saberes e os fazeres dos professores das academias

Many professionals of Physical Education are included in the academies environment, very important space for dissemination of physical activity and increasingly attended by the population, due to the practicality of offering various activities in one location. This feature is essential in today's world, as people have less and less time to devote to body care. In pursuit of various goals, such as weight loss, lean mass gain (hypertrophy), aesthetics, health and leisure, attendees expect to reach them through the work of physical education professional. It is expected that this be prepared to meet the most varied demands and goals, so that students are satisfied with the service and obtain the desired results. The academy works as a means, a provider of space that provides tools for the teacher meet the needs of students; now this student has the role of establishing goals and engage in the search results. This study aimed to increase knowledge of the resources provided by the professionals of the academies in service to their customers

Ratas nascidas com restrição de crescimento intrauterino submetidas à natação antes e durante a prenhez: repercussões maternas e perinatais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Chá mate melhora a resistência à natação e reduz o dano oxidativo induzido pelo exercício em ratos submetidos à única sessão de natação

Several nutritional interventions are performed in order to reduce the impact of EO induced by exercise. Some studies suggest that mate tea (CM) have compounds, which can act as antioxidants reducing EO. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CM induced under the EO after a single bout of aerobic exercise. Methods: We used male Wistar rats (50 days and 200g) distributed in four experimental groups: control (CON); mate tea (CM), Swimming (N); Swimming+mate tea (N + CM) . The CM and N+CM groups received CM diluted in distilled water at 96 ° C for five days, oropharyngeal route (50 mg / kg body weight, 0.5 mL). Both groups were adapted to the aquatic environment prior to experimental day, after a single swimming session, with 5% of body weight attached to the tail, until the animals reached exhaustion. Immediately after the state of exhaustion, peripheral blood was collected for further analysis. Results: The animals of the group N + CM showed improved resistance swimming compared to group C (p < 0.0001). No increase in lipid oxidative damage and production of lactate in group N + CM , compared to group N , may be attributed to the significant increase in plasma uric acid concentrations demonstrated in this study was observed . Conclusion: Therefore, the results indicate that consumption of CM may be natural strategy for improving aerobic exercise endurance and reduce the impact of EO induced by aerobic exercise.

As fases do treinamento de natação influenciam os substratos energéticos, cortisol e leucócitos

The effect of physical exercise in immune function has been extensively studied. The intensity and duration of physical exercise have considerable influence in immunologic parameters. However, few studies have compared different exercise intensities in different stages of a physical training program. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the metabolic, hormonal and immunologic changes before and after acute intermittent swimming exercise, following different stages of training program. Seventeen male swimmers were evaluated in three stages of training. The intensity of the three sessions was 90% (anaerobic potency – PAN), 70% (aerobic potency - PAE) and 98% (lactate tolerance – TLA) of the maximal speed from the best time of the distance, resulted from peak performance in competition. Blood samples were collected pre and immediately after exercise for cells counting and measurement of substrates and cortisol concentrations. It was used ANOVA to verify the significance of difference (p<0.05). There was a significant increase of glucose and cortisol post exercise in the PAN and PAE sessions. Glutamine increased significantly in PAE and TLA. Leukocytes increased significantly after the three different sessions and lymphocytes decreased significantly on PAE and TLA. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that changes of the several parameters studied in different stages of training program can cause temporary alterations in immune cells and may compromise resistance to common minor illnesses and athlete performance.