970 resultados para ARA


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Fa més de 10 anys del primer Pla Nacional de Joventut de Catalunya, del pas de les polítiques de suport a l’associacionisme a les polítiques integrals, i amb aquestes la prolífica etapa dels Plans de Joventut i de l’expansió real de les polítiques de joventut al territori català. És a dia d’avui, en un moment de grans esdeveniments en aquest camp, en que es proposa un anàlisi sobre la futura evolució de les polítiques de joventut, basat en l’estudi i la interpretació de la informació existent i les aportacions de 9 persones vinculades al món de les polítiques de joventut

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La presencia, en Bolivia de un katarismo radical, promovido por los más recientes movimientos indigenistas, nos obliga a repensar las políticas de conocimiento criollo-mestizas. En este sentido, el presente artículo ubica la propuesta de "indianizar al q'ara" como una "pedagogía al revés" con la cual la ideología katarista radical de Felipe Quispe, alias "el Mallku", cuestiona desde abajo el mestizaje que los grupos dominantes promueven desde principios de siglo.

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Allergy to peanut and tree nuts is characterised by a high frequency of life-threatening anaphylactic reactions and typically lifelong persistence. Although peanut is the most common cause of nut allergy, peanut allergic patients are frequently also sensitive to tree nuts. It is not known if this is due to cross-reactivity between peanut and tree nut allergens. In this study, the major peanut allergen Ara h 2 was cloned from peanut cDNA, expressed in E. coli cells as a His-tag fusion protein and purified using a Ni-NTA column. Immunoblotting, ELISA and basophil activation indicated by CD63 expression all confirmed the IgE reactivity and biological activity of rAra h 2. To determine whether or not this allergen plays a role in IgE cross-reactivity between peanut and tree nuts, inhibition ELISA was performed. Pre-incubation of serum from peanut allergic patients with increasing concentrations of almond or Brazil nut extract inhibited IgE binding to rAra h 2. Purified rAra h 2-specific serum IgE antibodies also bound to proteins present in almond and Brazil nut extracts by immunoblotting. This indicates that the major peanut allergen, Ara h 2, shares common IgE-binding epitopes with almond and Brazil nut allergens, which may contribute to the high incidence of tree nut sensitisation in peanut allergic individuals.

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In recent years, aquaculture has been facing a series of new issues, including the necessary replacement of fish oil and fish meal because of their limited supply and sub-optimal water temperature conditions. Higher water temperatures are increasingly encountered as the result of climate change related phenomena and/or the practice of farming of species in areas with environmental characteristics outside their optimal physiological range, such as the case of Atlantic salmon (. Salmo salar) farming in Australia during the summer season. Previous studies in teleost fish have shown that when fish are exposed at higher environmental temperatures, fish had a preferential increased dietary intake for arachidonic acid (20:4n - 6, ARA). This observation suggests that, given the several metabolic roles of ARA, its dietary provision may play an important role in fish for adapting at sub-optimal high water temperatures. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of different dietary ARA/EPA ratios in juvenile Atlantic salmon as affected by time of exposition to the diet and water temperatures, with particular focus to fish performance and possible resulting modifications of tissue fatty acid composition. The study showed that independently from dietary treatments, fish held at the higher temperatures had an increased ARA accumulation, primarily in the liver and this ARA accumulation increased over time. It was also shown that the combined dietary inclusion of ARA and EPA significantly improved fish performance, compared with diets either richer in ARA or EPA. A general trend toward higher content of n - 3 LC-PUFA at lower temperatures was also quite clear, especially in the liver. Therefore, and assuming that the trends in tissue fatty acid composition could be taken as a clue of the optimal fatty acid requirements of fish, the n - 6 requirement (and in particular ARA) clearly appears to be greater for Atlantic salmon raised at high water temperatures. Protein accumulation was higher in the diet with the combined dietary inclusion of ARA and EPA for fish held at high water temperature (20. °C), with a concomitant lipid reduction. This study shows the importance of dietary ARA for maximal growth in Atlantic salmon, particularly during the period of the year when high water temperatures are often encountered. Further studies specifically looking at optimal dietary ARA/EPA ratio and roles of ARA on myogenesis, stress physiology and immune status of cultured fish are warranted. Statement of relevance: Given the current high level of fish oil replacement in aquafeed, and the often encountered sub-optimal environmental temperatures, we believe that this study could be considered as timely and highly pertinent for the aquaculture industry and associated R&D sector.

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Nos últimos anos, os processos sedimentares em corpos de água vêm merecendo particular atenção, principalmente no que diz respeito ao transporte dos sedimentos em suspensão e padrões de circulação hídrica, tendo em vista à necessidade de vários estudos para o manejo racional dos recursos hídricos. Também os processos sedimentares atuantes nos corpos de água em geral, principalmente os relacionados às taxas de sedimentação, são os mecanismos responsáveis diretos pela retenção de carbono orgânico nos mananciais hídricos, servindo de indicadores para a captura ou seqüestro e CO2 da atmosfera. Na planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, localiza-se um dos maiores sistemas lagunares do planeta. O maior desses sistemas, a laguna dos Patos, possui em sua extremidade nordeste corpos de água ainda pouco explorados. Toda essa região requer um estudo completo e minucioso, com acompanhamento sistemático de monitoramento interdisciplinar, na busca de uma análise e entendimento integrado das condições que regulam os mecanismos de transporte e deposição de sedimento e sua circulação hídrica. A área de estudo desse trabalho compreende a Lagoa do Araçá. Esta lagoa constitui-se no braço nordeste da Laguna dos Patos, apresentando uma superfície alagada de aproximadamente 20,77 km2. A lagoa drena a planície costeira entre os paralelos 30o11’ e 30o15’ S, a oeste do meridiano 50o31’. O objetivo do presente trabalho é estimar a contribuição relativa de sistemas límnicos rasos no processo de retenção de carbono orgânico em regiões de clima subtropical, identificar a deposição de sedimentos na Lagoa do Araçá para a quantificação do carbono orgânico retido; analisar os padrões morfológicos e sedimentológicos de fundo relacionando-os aos padrões de circulação hídrica, visando elaborar uma metodologia que possa ser aplicada em corpos de água límnicos rasos na retenção de carbono orgânico. Para a consecução dos objetivos propostos foram realizadas coletas de amostras na superfície de fundo na área de estudo, tendo por base uma matriz cartesiana disposta regularmente a cada 500 metros ao longo de paralelos de latitude e meridianos de longitude de forma a abranger toda a superfície da lagoa, totalizando 86 pontos amostrais relativos a granulometria, batimetria e teor de matéria orgânica. Dados referentes a ventos na região de estudo foram coletados através de um anemógrafo gráfico, na localidade de Solidão, município de Palmares do Sul, com objetivo de simular os padrões de circulação hídrica e velocidade orbital de onda na Lagoa do Araçá Para a estimativa da taxa de sedimentação média e a retenção de carbono orgânico na lagoa foi perfurado um testemunho, tendo como referencia os produtos cartográficos de superfície de fundo e teor de matéria orgânica elaborados, sendo realizada sua datação geocronológica através do método de Radiocarbono (14C). A taxa de sedimentação média obtida foi 0,0876 mm.ano-1 sendo a taxa histórica de retenção de carbono orgânico retido estimado em 624,59 Kg.Km-2.ano-1 e para a superfície da lagoa de 12.972,75 kg.ano-1 ou 12,9 t.ano-1. A presente pesquisa demonstra que lagos, lagoas e outros corpos de água têm um papel importante na contribuição de retenção de carbono orgânico, mostrando-se de grande importância em seu ciclo. Evidentemente isso não compensa as emissões de gases causadas por atividades antrópicas nos dias de hoje.

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Avian mycobacteriosis was diagnosed in a captive scarlet macaw (Ara macao) that presented multifocal granulomas on subcutaneous tissue, sciatic nerves, infraorbital sinus, trachea, air sacs, muscles, spleen and liver. Microscopically, central areas of caseous necrosis surrounded by epithelioid macrophage, multinucleated giant cells, and lymphocytes were observed. Acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated by Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Inoculation into Lowenstein-Jensen, Stonebrink and Petragnani media, yielded Mycobacterium spp, which was identified as Mycobacterium avium by polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR).

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Relata-se a ocorrência de Tetrameres confusa Travassos 1917 (= T. americana (Cram, 1927) Baylis, 1929) (Nematoda, Tetrameridae) em um novo hospedeiro, Ara ararauna Linnaeus, 1758 (Aves, Psittacidae). Este é o primeiro registro da ocorrência do nematódeo em psitacídeos no Brasil.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Guava and araçá, species of the Psidium genus, are important options for Brazilian agribusiness, especially the former species, due to their fruit characteristics, such as appearance, taste and richness in minerals and phenolic compounds. These fruits can be consumed in natura or in several processed forms. The active germplasm bank is an important tool for genetic resource characterization and plant breeding studies. Sixty guava and ten araçá accessions of the Psidium active germplasm, sampled in 44 different Brazilian regions and grown at Embrapa Semiarid, were chemically and biochemically characterized in order to support breeding programs. The accessions were grown in a randomized block design, with two replications and three plants/plot. The sugar, proteins, soluble solids, titratable acidity, calcium, magnesium, iron and phosphorus contents were determined. Large variations were observed in the analyzed compounds, which could be attributed to the diversity of genotypes and also to the environmental conditions, which affect the plant metabolism. The high variability observed in most parameters of the accessions is an important factor for the improvement of these species. Most guava accessions showed higher titratable acidity and soluble solids than those found in commercial cultivars and, in araçá, these levels were even higher, which makes them promising for commercial exploitation. Moreover, fruits of the guava and araçá accessions present good sources of sugars and minerals. Special attention should be given to some guava and araçá accessions from Maranhão and Pernambuco States, respectively, which showed high levels for titratable acidity, soluble solids, SS/TA ratio, total soluble sugars, calcium, magnesium and iron, should be targets of breeding programs for new Psidium cultivars. © ISHS.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)