Fluorescence lifetime increase by introduction of F- ions in ytterbium-doped TeO2-based glasses

this paper was retracted

Spectroscopic properties of Er3+ doped TeO2-BaO (Li2O, Na2O)-La2O3 glasses for 1.5-mu m optical amplifiers

This paper reports on the optical spectroscopic properties and thermal stability of Er3+-doped TeO2-BaO (Li2O,NaO)-La2O3 glasses for developing 1.5-mu m fiber amplifiers. Upon excitation at 977 nm laser diode, an intense 1.53-mu m infrared fluorescence has been observed with a broad full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 60 nm for the Er3+-doped TeO2-BaO (Li2O, Na2O)-La2O3 glass with 10 mol% of BaO. The calculated fluorescence lifetime and the emission cross-sections of the 1.53-mu m transition are 2.91 ms and similar to 9.97 x 10(-21) cm(2), respectively. It is noted that the gain bandwidth, a, x FWHM, of the TeO2-BaO-La2O3Er2O3 glass is about 600, which is significantly higher than that in silicate and phosphate glasses. Meanwhile, it is interesting to note that the TeO2-BaO-La2O3-Er2O3 glass has shown a high glass thermal stability and good infrared transmittance. As a result, TeO2-BaO (Li2O, Na2O)-La2O3 glass with 10 mol% of BaO has been considered to be more useful as a host for broadband optical fiber amplifier. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of F- ions on spectroscopic properties of Yb3+-doped zinc-tellurite glasses

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Effect of bismuth oxide introduction on spectroscopic properties of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped aluminophosphate glasses

The absorption spectra, emission spectra and infrared spectra of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped xBi(2)O(3)-(65 - x)P2O5-4Yb(2)O(3)-11Al(2)O(3)-5BaO-15Na(2)O were measured and investigated. Spontaneous emission probability, radiative lifetime and branching ratios of Er3+ were calculated according to the Judd-Ofelt theory. The role of substitution of Bi2O3 for P2O5 on luminescence of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped aluminophosphate glasses has been investigated. The calculated radiative lifetimes (tau(rad)) for I-4(13/2) and I-4(11/2) were decreasing with Bi2O3 content increases, whereas the measured total lifetime (tau(meas)) for I-4(13/2) showed linearly increasing trends. The effect of Bi2O3 introduction on OH- groups was also discussed according to the IR transmittance spectra of glasses. It was found that FWHM of glasses were not affected with the substitution of Bi2O3 for P2O5. The emission spectra intensity increased with Bi2O3 content due to the decreases of phonon energy and OH- content in glasses. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of PbO on precipitation of laser-induced gold nanoparticles inside silicate glasses

We report on three-dimensional precipitation of Au nanoparticles in gold ions-doped silicate glasses by a femtosecond laser irradiation and further annealing. Experimental results show that PbO addition plays the double roles of inhibiting hole-trapped centers generation and promoting formation and growth of gold nanoparticles. Additionally, glass containing PbO shows an increased non-linear absorption after femtosecond laser irradiation and annealing. The observed phenomena are significant for applications such as fabrications of three-dimensional multi-colored images inside transparent materials and three-dimensional optical memory, and integrated micro-optical switches. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of phosphate precursors on the structures of sodium aluminophosphate sols, gels and glasses

Transparent and homogeneous aluminophosphate gels and glasses have been widely synthesized through an aqueous sol-gel route, extending significantly the glass-forming range compared to that accessible via the melt-cooling route. Different phosphorus precursors, sodium polyphosphate (NaPO3) and orthophosphate species (NaH2PO4 and/or H3PO4) were compared with regard to the macroscopic properties and the microscopic structure of the resultant gels and glasses as characterized by extensive high-resolution liquid- and solid-state NMR. Sodium polyphosphate solution results in a substantially wider composition range of homogenous gel formation than orthophosphate solutions, and the two routes produce significant structural differences in the sol and xerogel states. Nevertheless, the structures of the glasses obtained upon gel annealing above 400 degrees C are independent of the P-precursors used. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of OH- content on emission properties in Er3+-doped tellurite glasses

A series of tellurite glasses of composition, 75TeO(2)-20ZnO-(5 - x)La2O3-xEr(2)O(3) (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mol%) with different hydroxl content were prepared. The effect of Er3+ and OH- groups concentration on the emission properties of Er3+: I-4(13/2) -> I-4(15/2) transition in tellurite glasses was investigated. The constant KOH-Er for Er3+ in tellurite glasses, which represents the strength of interaction between Er3+ and OH- groups in the case of energy migration, was about 14 x 10(-19) cm(4) s(-1). The interaction parameter C-Er,C-Er for the migration rate of Er3+ : 4I(13/2) -> I-4(13/2) transition in tellurite glass was 46 x 10(-40) cm(2), which indicates that concentration quenching in Er3+-doped modified tellurite glass for a given Er3+ concentration is much stronger than in silicate and phosphate glasses. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Photoluminescence of undoped and B-doped ZnO in silicate glasses

Photoluminescence of undoped and B-doped ZnO in silicate glasses was investigated by varying the concentration of ZnO (3550 mol%) and B dopant (0-10 mol%) in the glass matrices. The broad and intense near band edge emissions were observed while the visible light emission was very weak. UV luminescence in all samples was red-shifted relative to the exciton transition in bulk ZnO and enhanced by decreased ZnO concentration due to higher degree of structural integrity and the lower aggregation degree of ZnO. Donor B dopant played the double roles of filling conduction bands to broaden band gap when its concentration was lower than 5 mol%, and emerging with conduction bands to narrow the gap when B dopant exceeded this value. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Solid-state NMR study of bioactive binary borosilicate glasses

A series of binary borosilicate glasses prepared by the sol-gel method are shown to be bioactive. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and trimethylborate (TMB) in acidic medium are used to prepare xB(2)O(3)center dot(1-x)SiO2 glass systems for x = 0.045-0.167. The formation of a layer of apatite-like mineral on the glass surface becomes apparent after soaking in simulated body fluid for 48 h. We have measured the B-11-B-11 homonuclear second moments of the borosilicate glasses and inferred that no macroscopic phase separation occurred in our glasses. The B-11 chemical shift data also show that the formation of clustered boroxol rings is negligible in our glass system. Although the bioactivity of our borosilicate glasses is less than that of CaO-SiO2 sol-gel glasses, these simple binary systems could be taken as reference glass systems for the search of new bioactive borosilicate glasses. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Broadband near-infrared emission in Er3+-Tm3+ codoped chalcohalide glasses

The near-IR emission spectra of Er3+-Tm3+ codoped 70GeS(2)-20In(2)S(3)-10CsI chalcohalide glasses were studied with an 808 nm laser as an excitation source. A broad emission extending from 1.35 to 1.7 mu m with a FWHM of similar to 160 nm was recorded in a 0.1 mol.% Er2S3, 0.5 mol.% Tm2S3 codoped chalcohalide glass. The fluorescence decay curves of glasses were measured by monitoring the emissions of Tm3+ at 1460 nm and Er3+ at 1540 nm, and the lifetimes were obtained from the first-order exponential fit. The luminescence mechanism and the possible energy-transfer processes are discussed with respect to the energy-level diagram of Er3+ and Tm3+ ions. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America

Cooperative downconversion in Yb3+-RE3+ (RE = Tm or Pr) codoped lanthanum borogermanate glasses

We report on cooperative downconversion in Yb3+-RE3+ (RE = Tm or Pr) codoped lanthanum borogermanate glasses (LBG), which are capable of splitting a visible photon absorbed by Tm3+ or Pr3+ ions into two near-infrared photons. The results indicate that Pr3+-Yb3+ is a more efficient ion couple than Tm3+-Yb3+ in terms of cooperative downconversion. We have obtained a highest quantum yield of 165% and 138% for Pr3+-Yb3+ and Tm3+-Yb3+ codoped LBG glasses under 468 nm excitation, respectively. However, ultraviolet light excitation to the charge transfer band of Yb3+ does not result in quantum splitting as rapid relaxation from the charge transfer band to 4f(13) levels of Yb3+ dominates. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America

Effects of chloride substitution on the chemical and physical properties and the crystallization behavior in heavy metal fluoride glasses

Effect of the substitutions of chloride for fluoride on the chemical and physical properties and the crystallization behavior in heavy metal fluoride glasses has been investigated. The characteristic temperature of the glass does not changed obviously when the fluoride was taken place by chloride. Compared with samples of being free of ErF3, the doping samples are more inclined to be surface crystallization. Optical basicity in the glass system increases with increasing the negative charge provided by the chloride atoms and the absorption peak red shifted is observed in absorption spectra. XRD measurements show that not a single crystalline phase appears in the heated glass samples, which indicate the substitutions of chloride for fluoride with a variety of crystalline precipitation trends. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

Effects of thermal treatment on broadband near-infrared emission from Bi-doped chalcohalide glasses

GeGaSKBr glass with Bi ions as emission centers were fabricated. An intense emission centered at around 1230 nm with the width of more than 175 nm was observed by 808 nm photo-excitation of the glass. Lower quenching rate and thermal treatment promote micro-crystallization process, thus strengthening the emission. Crown Copyright (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Enhanced broadband near-infrared luminescence and optical amplification in Yb-Bi codoped phosphate glasses

Yb-Bi codoped phosphate glass was prepared and its properties were compared with Bi-doped phosphate glass. The broadband infrared luminescence intensity from Yb-Bi codoped glass was similar to 32 times stronger than that of Bi-doped glass. The single-pass optical amplification was measured on a traditional two-wave mixing configuration. No optical amplification was observed in Bi-doped glass, while apparent broadband optical amplification between 1272 and 1336 nm was observed from Yb-Bi codoped glass with 980 nm laser diode excitation. The highest gain coefficient at 1272 nm of Yb-Bi codoped glass reached to 2.62 cm(-1). Yb-Bi codoped phosphate glass is a promising material for broadband optical amplification. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.

Fluorescence properties and laser demonstrations of Nd-doped high silica glasses prepared by sintering nanoporous glass

Porous glass with high-SiO2 content was impregnated with Nd ions, and subsequently sintered at 1100 degrees C into a compact non-porous glass in air or reducing atmosphere. Sintering in a reducing atmosphere produced an intense violet-blue fluorescence at 394 nm. However, the sintering atmospheres almost did not affect the fluorescence properties in the infrared range. A good performance Nd3+-doped silica microchip laser operating at 1064 nm was demonstrated. The Nd-doped sintering glasses with high-SiO2 content are potential host materials for high power solid-state lasers and new transparent fluorescence materials. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.