Progettazione e sviluppo di un supporto Industry 4.0 per la manutenzione predittiva di macchine in ambito farmaceutico

La mia tesi riguarda il progetto che ho sviluppato all'interno di IMA Active. Inizia con un'introduzione ai concetti e tecnologie presenti nell'Industry 4.0, ho illustrato i vantaggi dell'utilizzo di piattaforme per il monitoraggio e supporto alla manutenzione predittiva degli asset in ambito aziendale per poi addentrarmi nella demo che ho sviluppato in Python per simulare le funzionalità che dovranno essere implementate in un sistema terzo (di tipo OSISoft Pi). In questo percorso ho introdotto il concetto di DTW e Golden batch che sono stati indispensabili nello sviluppo del progetto.

Soluzioni per coperture wireless in ambiente indoor con l'ausilio di superfici intelligenti riconfigurabili

I sistemi di comunicazione 6G si prevede che soddisfino requisiti più stringenti rispetto alle reti 5G in termini di capacità di trasmissione, affidabilità, latenza, copertura, consumo energetico e densità di connessione. I miglioramenti che si possono ottenere agendo solo sugli end-points dell'ambiente wireless potrebbero non essere sufficienti per adempiere a tali obiettivi. Performance migliori potrebbero invece essere raggiunte liberandosi del postulato che fissa l'ambiente di propagazione come elemento incontrollabile. In questo panorama spicca una tecnologia recente che prende il nome di Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) e che si pone l'obiettivo di rendere personalizzabile l'ambiente di propagazione wireless attraverso elaborazioni quasi passive di segnale. Una RIS è una superficie sottile ingegnerizzata al fine di possedere proprietà che le permettono di controllare dinamicamente le onde elettromagnetiche attraverso, ad esempio, la riflessione, rifrazione e focalizzazione del segnale. Questo può portare alla realizzazione del cosiddetto Smart Radio Environment (SRE), ovvero un ambiente di propagazione che non è visto come entità aleatoria incontrollabile, ma come parametro di design che svolge un ruolo fondamentale nel processo di ottimizzazione della rete. Nel presente elaborato, partendo da un modello macroscopico del comportamento di una RIS sviluppato dal gruppo di ricerca di propagazione e integrato all'interno di un simulatore di ray tracing, si effettua uno studio di coperture wireless con l'ausilio di RIS in semplici scenari indoor di riferimento.

"Tecniche di Load Pull attivo a bassa frequenza per la caratterizzazione in banda base di transistori per applicazioni RF"

Una sempre crescente quantità di informazione digitale viene condivisa tra miliardi di dispositivi connessi in ogni angolo del pianeta. Per riuscire a sfruttare una banda più ampia ed aumentare la velocità di trasmissione dei dati, i prossimi standard di telecomunicazioni wireless dovranno adoperare frequenze operative sempre più alte, cercando di rispettare stringenti specifiche in termini di affidabilità ed efficienza energetica. In generale, le prestazioni di un transistor dipenderanno dalle terminazioni a cui esso è collegato. In un setup di caratterizzazione e test, è possibile, tramite un metodo noto come load pull attivo, sintetizzare un determinato valore di impedenza ad uno o più piani di riferimento all'interno di un circuito. Questa strategia si basa in generale sulla manipolazione del rapporto tra onde entranti ed uscenti da un piano di riferimento del dispositivo. Se da una parte tecniche di load pull attivo a banda larga a radiofrequenza hanno ricevuto un notevole interesse sia commerciale che accademico, dall'altra le strategie per la sintesi di impedenze presenti al terminale di alimentazione dell'amplificatore, sono state meno investigate. Questo elaborato si propone di introdurre un algoritmo per il load pull attivo a banda base per amplificatori per applicazioni RF. Dopo un'introduzione sui modelli comportamentali degli amplificatori, è stato considerato il problema degli effetti di memoria. È stata poi descritta la tecnica per l'emulazione di impedenze. Dapprima, è stato considerato il caso lineare. Poi, tramite il design di un amplificatore di potenza per applicazioni a radio frequenza usato come device under test (DUT), sono stati affrontati due esempi in presenza di non linearità, verificando la correttezza della tecnica proposta tramite l'uso di simulazioni.

Avaliação da aceitação de vinhos brancos varietais brasileiros através de testes sensoriais afetivos e técnica multivariada de mapa de preferência interno

The acceptability of nine commercial brazilian varietal white table wines (Riesling, Chardonnay and Gewürztraminer) was evaluated using sensory affective tests. The samples were assessed by 43 consumers of brazilian white wines using he nine-point structured hedonic scale. Judges were recruited based on their responses to a questionnary about consumer?s behavior towards white wines consumption. Subsequently, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with means comparision (Tukey test) and Internal Analysis of Preference Mapping (MDPREF) were performed on data. Analysis of Variance showed that two samples (a Riesling and a Gewürztraminer, both sweet table wines) had significantly (p < 0.05) higher acceptance means, around 7 in the hedonic scale. The least acceptance means (4,3) was obtained by a demi-sec Chardonnay wine and the other six samples achieved means around 5 in the hedonic scale, all of them either demi-sec or dry table wines. MDPREF confirmed the results showed by ANOVA showing that samples were segmented into two groups of preference. The first group was composed by 86% of consumers who prefered the sweet table wines (higher acceptance), converging to the region on the map where these samples were represented. Only 14% showed preference for the demi-sec and dry table wines, being represented on the region of the MDPREF where these samples were located. This study suggests that sweet table wines are prefered by Brazilian consumers, instead of dry or demi-sec table wines.

Permeability of different groups of maxillary teeth after 38% hydrogen peroxide internal bleaching

This study evaluated the influence of internal tooth bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the permeability of the coronal dentin in maxillary anterior teeth and premolars. Seventy teeth (14 per group) were used: central incisors (CI), lateral incisor (LI), canines (C), first premolars (1PM) and second premolars (2PM). Pulp chamber access and transversal sectioning at 2 mm from the cementoenamel junction were performed and the specimens were divided into 2 groups (n= 7): a) no treatment and b) bleaching with 38% H2O2. The bleaching agent was applied to the buccal surface and to the pulp chamber for 10 min. This procedure was repeated 3 times. The specimens were processed histochemically with copper sulfate and rubeanic acid, sectioned longitudinally, and digitalized in a scanner. The area of stained dentin was measured using Image Tool software. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (?=0.05). There was statistically significant difference (p<0.001) among the untreated groups, CI (0.23 ± 0.26) having the lowest permeability and LI (10.14 ± 1.89) the highest permeability. Among the bleached groups, dentin permeability was increased in all groups of teeth except for 2PM. It may be concluded that bleaching with 38% H2O2 affected dentin permeability near the pulp chamber in maxillary anterior teeth and in first and second premolars.

Per capita versus adult-equivalent estimates of calorie availability in household budget surveys

This study aims to estimate an adult-equivalent scale for calorie requirements and to determine the differences between adult-equivalent and per capita measurements of calorie availability in the Brazilian population. The study used data from the 2002-2003 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The calorie requirement for a reference adult individual was based on the mean requirements for adult males and females (2,550kcal/day). The conversion factors were defined as the ratios between the calorie requirements for each age group and gender and that of the reference adult. The adult-equivalent calorie availability levels were higher than the per capita levels, with the largest differences in rural and low-income households. Differences in household calorie availability varied from 22kcal/day (households with adults and an adolescent) to 428kcal/day (households with elderly individuals), thus showing that per capital measurements can underestimate the real calorie availability, since they overlook differences in household composition.

Bone Marrow Concentrate and Bovine Bone Mineral for Sinus Floor Augmentation: A Controlled, Randomized, Single-Blinded Clinical and Histological Trial-Per-Protocol Analysis

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential of substituting autogenous bone (AB) by bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). Both AB and BMAC were tested in combination with a bovine bone mineral (BBM) for their ability of new bone formation (NBF) in a multicentric, randomized, controlled, clinical and histological noninferiority trial. Materials and Methods: Forty-five severely atrophied maxillary sinus from 26 patients were evaluated in a partial cross-over design. As test arm, 34 sinus of 25 patients were augmented with BBM and BMAC containing mesenchymal stem cells. Eleven control sinus from 11 patients were augmented with a mixture of 70% BBM and 30% AB. Biopsies were obtained after a 3-4-month healing period at time of implant placement and histomorphometrically analyzed for NBF. Results: NBF was 14.3%+/- 1.8% for the control and nonsignificantly lower (12.6%+/- 1.7%) for the test (90% confidence interval: -4.6 to 1.2). Values for BBM (31.3%+/- 2.7%) were significantly higher for the test compared with control (19.3%+/- 2.5%) (p < 0.0001). Nonmineralized tissue was lower by 3.3% in the test compared with control (57.6%; p = 0.137). Conclusions: NBF after 3-4 months is equivalent in sinus, augmented with BMAC and BBM or a mixture of AB and BBM. This technique could be an alternative for using autografts to stimulate bone formation.

AnSBBR Applied to a Personal Care Industry Wastewater Treatment: Effects of Fill Time, Volume Treated Per Cycle, and Organic Load

A study was performed regarding the effect of the relation between fill time, volume treated per cycle, and influent concentration at different applied organic loadings on the stability and efficiency of an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor containing immobilized biomass on polyurethane foam with recirculation of the liquid phase (AnSBBR) applied to the treatment of wastewater from a personal care industry. Total cycle length of the reactor was 8 h (480 min). Fill times were 10 min in the batch operation, 4 h in the fed-batch operation, and a 10-min batch followed by a 4-h fed batch in the mixed operation. Settling time was not necessary since the biomass was immobilized and decant time was 10 min. Volume of liquid medium in the reactor was 2.5 L, whereas volume treated per cycle ranged from 0.88 to 2.5 L in accordance with fill time. Influent concentration varied from 300 to 1,425 mg COD/L, resulting in an applied volumetric organic load of 0.9 and 1.5 g COD/L.d. Recirculation flow rate was 20 L/h, and the reactor was maintained at 30 A degrees C. Values of organic matter removal efficiency of filtered effluent samples were below 71% in the batch operations and above 74% in the operations of fed batch followed by batch. Feeding wastewater during part of the operational cycle was beneficial to the system, as it resulted in indirect control over the conversion of substrate into intermediates that would negatively interfere with the biochemical reactions regarding the degradation of organic matter. As a result, the average substrate consumption increased, leading to higher organic removal efficiencies in the fed-batch operations.

Contractile activity per se induces transcriptional activation of SLC2A4 gene in soleus muscle: involvement of MEF2D, HIF-1a, and TR alpha transcriptional factors

Lima GA, Anhe GF, Giannocco G, Nunes MT, Correa-Giannella ML, Machado UF. Contractile activity per se induces transcriptional activation of SLC2A4 gene in soleus muscle: involvement of MEF2D, HIF-1a, and TR alpha transcriptional factors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 296: E132-E138, 2009. First published October 28, 2008; doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.90548.2008.-Skeletal muscle is a target tissue for approaches that can improve insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant states. In muscles, glucose uptake is performed by the GLUT-4 protein, which is encoded by the SLC2A4 gene. SLC2A4 gene expression increases in response to conditions that improve insulin sensitivity, including chronic exercise. However, since chronic exercise improves insulin sensitivity, the increased SLC2A4 gene expression could not be clearly attributed to the muscle contractile activity per se and/or to the improved insulin sensitivity. The present study was designed to investigate the role of contractile activity per se in the regulation of SLC2A4 gene expression as well as in the participation of the transcriptional factors myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D), hypoxia inducible factor 1a (HIF-1a), and thyroid hormone receptor-alpha (TR alpha). The performed in vitro protocol excluded the interference of metabolic, hormonal, and neural effects. The results showed that, in response to 10 min of electrically induced contraction of soleus muscle, an early 40% increase in GLUT-4 mRNA (30 min) occurred, with a subsequent 65% increase (120 min) in GLUT-4 protein content. EMSA and supershift assays revealed that the stimulus rapidly increased the binding activity of MEF2D, HIF-1a, and TR alpha into the SLC2A4 gene promoter. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed, in native nucleosome, that contraction induced an approximate fourfold (P < 0.01) increase in MEF2D and HIF-1a-binding activity. In conclusion, muscle contraction per se enhances SLC2A4 gene expression and that involves MEF2D, HIF-1a, and TR alpha transcription factor activation. This finding reinforces the importance of physical activity to improve glycemic homeostasis independently of other additional insulin sensitizer approaches.

Sponge halogenated natural products found at parts-per-million levels in marine mammals

Several unknown, abundant brominated compounds (BCs) were recently detected in the blubber of dolphins and other marine mammals from Queensland (northeast Australia). The BC were interpreted as potential natural products due to the lack of anthropogenic sources for these compounds. This study investigated whether some of the BCs accumulated by diverse marine mammal species are identical with natural BCs previously isolated from sponges (Dysidea sp.) living in the same habitat. Isolates from sponges and mollusks (Asteronotus cespitosus) were compared with the signals detected in the mammals' tissue. Mass spectra and gas chromatography retention times on four different capillary columns of the isolates from sponges and mammals were identical in all respects. This proves that the chemical name of the compound previously labeled BC-2 is 4,6-dibromo-2-(2'-dibromo)phenoxyanisole and that the chemical name of BC-11 is 3,5-dibromo-2-(3',5'-dibromo-2'-methoxy)phenoxyanisole. Using a quantitative reference solution of BC-2, we established that the concentrations of the brominated metabolies found in the marine mammals are frequently >1 mg/kg. The highest concentration (3.8 mg/kg), found in a sample of pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps), indicates that BC-2 is a bioaccumulative, natural organohalogen compound. This is supported by the concentrations of the BCs in our samples being equal to the highest concentrations of anthropogenic BCs in any environmental sample. The quantitative determination of BC-2 in blubber of marine mammals from Africa and the Antarctic suggests that BC-2 is wide-spread. These results are direct proof that marine biota can produce persistent organic chemicals that accumulate to substantial concentrations in higher trophic organisms.

Aging per se does not influence glucose homeostasis - In vivo and in vitro evidence

OBJECTIVE - To assess the effect of age on glucose metabolism by examining 1) glucose metabolism in young and middle-aged subjects when total or regional adiposity is taken into account and 2) in vitro glucose transport in adipose tissue explants from young and middle-aged women paired for total and abdominal adiposity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Study 1: body composition, subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue areas, and fasting and oral glucose-stimulated glucose and insulin were measured in 84 young and 81 middle-aged men and in 110 young and 91 middle-aged women. Study 2: glucose uptake in subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue explants were measured in eight young and eight middle-aged women. RESULTS - Study 1: young and middle-aged men showed similar subcutaneous abdominal tissue area, whereas fat mass and visceral adipose tissue were greater in middle-aged than in young men (P < 0.01). Fat mass and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue areas were greater in middle-aged as compared with young women (P < 0.01). Fasting plasma glucose and the glucose response to an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly higher in middle-aged than in young men and women (P < 0.001). Statistical control for visceral adipose tissue area eliminated the difference seen in glucose response in men and women. Study 2: glucose transport in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue did not differ between young and middle-aged women. CONCLUSIONS - 1) Visceral obesity, more than age per se, correlates with glucose intolerance in middle-aged subjects; 2) aging does not influence in vitro adipose tissue glucose uptake.

Texto para discuss??o 17: controle interno e paradigma gerencial

O interesse no estudo do tema ???controle??? surge num contexto de reforma administrativa com vistas adequar o aparelho do Estado ??s novas demandas do desenvolvimento econ??mico e social. O projeto de reforma administrativa de iniciativa do Minist??rio da Administra????o Federal e Reforma do Estado tem por base um diagn??stico de crise fiscal e de crise do modelo de administra????o burocr??tica caracter??stico do Estado nacional-desenvolvimentista e interventor, vigente entre os anos 30 e final da d??cada de 80 no Brasil. Tendo cumprido o seu papel no passado, o modelo burocr??tico torna-se obsoleto por seu car??ter excessivamente formalista e r??gido, hierarquizado e pouco comprometido com resultados. A alternativa a este modelo ?? denominada administra????o gerencial ou administra????o por resultados

Terceiriza????o: o valor da parceria: redu????o dos custos de postagem utilizando-se franquias de correios

Importantes programas de governo desenvolvidos pelo Minist??rio da Educa????o (MEC) demandam servi??os da Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Tel??grafos (ECT) que implicam manuseio de grande volume de objetos postais. Essa situa????o gerava ao MEC diversos problemas com a postagem do material did??tico. Com a vincula????o de uma Ag??ncia dos Correios Franqueada (ACF) ao contrato MEC/ECT j?? em vigor, estruturou-se o fluxo racional dos servi??os de postagem: os gestores dos ??rg??os do MEC reviram processos e implantaram melhor controle gerencial. A despesa estimada com o material postado foi reduzida no per??odo de julho/1999 a maio/2000, com economia de R$ 157.502,03. Al??m da redu????o de custo, a iniciativa proporcionou o adequado gerenciamento de todo o processo, maior velocidade na presta????o dos servi??os e o cumprimento dos prazos de entrega. Hoje, as escolas de todo o pa??s recebem seus livros na data prevista, com tempo inclusive para planejarem a utiliza????o do material did??tico. No programa "TV Escola", o MEC entrega o material com uma semana de anteced??ncia em qualquer ponto do pa??s. A parceria MEC/ACF, al??m de implantar o uso mais racional de envio de objetos postais, perseguiu o pr??-requisito b??sico: o bin??mio custo/benef??cio. Resultado: rapidez e satisfa????o das comunidades que recebem educa????o e cultura com precis??o e no momento exato

BPPH: banco de pre??os praticados na ??rea hospitalar

O BPPH foi idealizado pelo Ministro Jos?? Serra no in??cio de sua gest??o em Abril de 1998, visando uma pol??tica de transpar??ncia na utiliza????o dos recursos p??blicos e, tamb??m a busca da disponibilidade de mais um instrumento regulador de mercado. A implanta????o do sistema, abrange atualmente 32 hospitais federais, estaduais, municipais e 5 secretarias estaduais de sa??de que alimentam o BPPH via INTERNET, permitindo contabilizar um benef??cio de R$ 1.373.687,00 (redu????o do custo entre 2 compras consecutivas) somente nos 5 hospitais fundadores do sistema, sendo que 50% desse valor pode-se atribuir ao uso do Banco de Pre??os. Este trabalho foi apresentado no CONIP99 - Congresso de Inform??tica P??blica 1999 - em nome do Minist??rio da Sa??de, com a autoriza????o emitida pelo Senhor Chefe de Gabinete do Ministro, Dr. Ot??vio Azevedo Mercadante. O BPPH foi desenvolvido e implantado no per??odo de Maio de 1998 a Abril de 1999 como um projeto do Grupo Executivo de A????o Estrat??gica na ??rea Hospitalar, grupo este coordenado pelo Dr. Benedito Nicotero Filho, Assessor Especial do Ministro da Sa??de. O BPPH no seu processo de institucionaliza????o foi transferido do Gabinete do Ministro para a Secretaria de Gest??o de Investimentos em Sa??de. As Portarias do Ministro da Sa??de que regulamentam o sistema s??o: Portaria 3.505 publicada em 28 de Agosto de 1998 cria a C??mara T??cnica Consultiva do BPPH; Portaria 74 publicada em 02 de Fevereiro de 1999 institui a obrigatoriedade para hospitais p??blicos de mais de 320 leitos e a Portaria 481 publicada em 19 de Abril de 1999 transfere a subordina????o da C??mara T??cnica e do Sistema para a Secretaria de Gest??o de Investimentos em Sa??de. Este trabalho foi o ganhador do Pr??mio CONIP99 de Excel??ncia em Inform??tica P??blica

O processo decis??rio da reforma tribut??ria e da previd??ncia social: per??odo de 1994 a 1998

An??lise da reforma constitucional no governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso a partir dos estudos de caso da reforma tribut??ria e da previd??ncia social, compreendendo tamb??m uma reconstitui????o do processo decis??rio de pol??ticas nestas ??reas desde a era Collor.