Devenir et prise en charge des enfants grands prématurés [Neurodevelopmental outcome of very premature infants].

Very preterm infants are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments, which may affect motor development, intelligence and behavior. Neurodevelopmental follow-up is offered to these children who represent 1% of Swiss births, and may show abnormal motor tone, which sometimes resolves spontaneously or evolves in cerebral palsy. Standardized tests explore intellectual functioning and may allow the diagnosis of specific learning impediments. Finally, behavior is assessed with standardized questionnaires which can reveal hyperactivity with or without attention deficit, impaired social relations, psychiatric troubles or autism, all more frequent amongst preterm children.

Llegint Cinema. Anàlisi de la representació de la malaltia mental en el setè art

El present treball és un estudi sobre l'estigma social en la malaltia mental i la representació d'aquest al cinema. Aquesta anàlisi s'ha portat a terme a partir de dues línies de treball. Per una banda amb l'anàlisi interpretativa de dotze pel·lícules utilitzant els indicadors de 'perillositat'; 'incapacitat per a la vida'; 'incurabilitat'; 'pèrdua de rols socials'; 'por al rebuig i/o por a les relacions socials'; i per l'altra banda a partir d'un grup de discussió, en el qual s'han visionat fragments de cinc pel·lícules amb set estudiants del Grau d'Educació Social de la Universitat de Vic. Dels resultats obtinguts es desprèn que la pel·lícula és un mitjà de comunicació mitjançant el qual els estereotips són usats en favor de l'espectacle, estigmatitzant així les persones diagnosticades de malaltia mental. Aquest és un dels motius que fan valorar el cinema com un recurs educatiu a considerar tant en la formació d'educadors i educadores socials com en els projectes d'intervenció socioeducativa.

Therapeutic benefits of body percussion using the BAPNE method

Body percussion using to the BAPNE method is a means of cognitive stimulation with multiple applications. The aim of this research is to assess their full potential as a source of therapy. The methodology used is theoretical in nature and makes use of a wide bibliography to find evidence for its therapeutic effect. In essence, body percussion can be seen to lead to improvements in three areas. the Physical, as it stimulates awareness of the body, control of movement and muscular strength, coordination and balance; the Mental, as it improves concentration, memory and perception; and finally Socio-affective, as it helps to build egalitarian relationships and leads to a decrease in anxiety in social interactions. This means of therapy has several different uses and it is targeted at different groups. In the present investigation we categorise them into five main groups: individuals with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease; individuals with learning disorders such as dyslexia or ADHD; patients affected by diseases of the spinal cord, cranial neuropathies and trauma (Neurorehabilitation); and for the treatment of addictive behavior (addiction); and depressive disorders or anxiety disorders.After thorough analysis, we have found scientific evidence that the therapeutic body percussion using the BAPNE method improves the quality of life of patients and it is an important factor in stabilizing the development of different diseases.In addition, evidence involving certain biological indicators (in control and experimental groups, and through a pre-test and post-test) show its effect on levels of stress and anxiety (reduction of cortisol), as well as improvement of social relations as a result of working as a group (increased levels of oxytocin), and improvements seen in self-esteem and in a variety of personal aspects through the Aspects of Identity questionnaire.

Formação e trabalho de mestres e doutores em química titulados no Brasil

This article reports questions related to the training and jobs of chemistry graduates from Brazilian universities. It is focussed on academic and career paths and on relations between knowledge and work. The main questions addressed in this study were: what have been the paths since undergraduate education? what were graduates doing before their enrolment in master and doctoral programs? Which were their motivations for this? Where do graduates work now? How do they appraise some aspects of their graduate education? Did the degree enlarge their job opportunities and improve work quality? How much do they earn?

Formação e trabalho de mestres e doutores em bioquímica titulados no brasil

This article reports questions related to the training and jobs of biochemistry graduates from Brazilian universities. It is focussed on academic and career paths and on relations between knowledge and work. The main questions addressed in this study were: what have been the paths since undergraduate education? What were graduates doing before their enrolment in master and doctoral programs? Which were their motivations for this? Where do graduates work now? How do they appraise some aspects of their graduate education? Did the degree enlarge their job opportunities and improve work quality? How much do they earn?

Analysis of a Plant Complex Resistance Gene Locus Underlying Immune-Related Hybrid Incompatibility and Its Occurrence in Nature

Mechanisms underlying speciation in plants include detrimental (incompatible) genetic interactions between parental alleles that incur a fitness cost in hybrids. We reported on recessive hybrid incompatibility between an Arabidopsis thaliana strain from Poland, Landsberg erecta (Ler), and many Central Asian A. thaliana strains. The incompatible interaction is determined by a polymorphic cluster of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-nucleotide binding-leucine rich repeat (TNL) RPP1 (Recognition of Peronospora parasitica1)-like genes in Ler and alleles of the receptor-like kinase Strubbelig Receptor Family 3 (SRF3) in Central Asian strains Kas-2 or Kond, causing temperature-dependent autoimmunity and loss of growth and reproductive fitness. Here, we genetically dissected the RPP1-like Ler locus to determine contributions of individual RPP1-like Ler (R1R8) genes to the incompatibility. In a neutral background, expression of most RPP1-like Ler genes, except R3, has no effect on growth or pathogen resistance. Incompatibility involves increased R3 expression and engineered R3 overexpression in a neutral background induces dwarfism and sterility. However, no individual RPP1-like Ler gene is sufficient for incompatibility between Ler and Kas-2 or Kond, suggesting that co-action of at least two RPP1-like members underlies this epistatic interaction. We find that the RPP1-like Ler haplotype is frequent and occurs with other Ler RPP1-like alleles in a local population in Gorzów Wielkopolski (Poland). Only Gorzów individuals carrying the RPP1-like Ler haplotype are incompatible with Kas-2 and Kond, whereas other RPP1-like alleles in the population are compatible. Therefore, the RPP1-like Ler haplotype has been maintained in genetically different individuals at a single site, allowing exploration of forces shaping the evolution of RPP1-like genes at local and regional population scales.

Estudi sobre la qualitat de vida de les persones amb demència ateses a la Unitat d'avaluació de deteriorament cognitiu de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu

OBJECTIU: determinar la qualitat de vida de les persones amb demència ateses en una unitat avaluadora de deteriorament cognitiu. MÈTODE: estudi descriptiu transversal amb una mostra consecutiva no probabilística, formada per 42 persones amb demència tipus Alzheimer lleu o moderada i els seus cuidadors. La Qualitat de Vida (QV) es va avaluar amb el qüestionari QoL-AD (Quality of Life Alzheimer’s Disease) en les versions per al pacient (QoL-ADp) i per al cuidador (QoL-ADc). RESULTATS: la mitjana de puntuació del QoL-ADp va ser de 35,38 punts (DE = 5,24) i del QoL-Adc, de 30,60 (DE 5,33). La diferència entre aquests resultats és significativa (p<0,001). Els pacients amb simptomatologia depressiva i els seus cuidadors van puntuar significativament més baix el QoL-AD (p<0,001). En les freqüències per ítems del QoL-ADp s’observa que: més del 75% van valorar com a bona/excel·lent les condicions de vida, família, matrimoni/relació estreta, vida social, situació financera i vida en general; el 61% valoraren bona/excel·lent la capacitat per realitzar tasques a casa; prop del 50% pensava que l’estat d’ànim, l’energia, la salut física, la capacitat per fer coses per diversió i la visió de si mateixos era dolenta/regular, i el 85,7% opinava que la seva memòria era dolenta/regular. CONCLUSIONS: els resultats obtinguts en el QoL-AD no difereixen dels obtinguts en altres investigacions. Suggereixen que les intervencions que genera l’avaluació de la QV en la pràctica clínica inclouen aspectes centrats pròpiament en la malaltia i aspectes vinculats amb les relacions socials.

Química na poesia e poesia na química

Goethe's novel 'Elective Affinities', published in 1809, uses Bergmann's concept of 'Elective Attractions', from 1775, as a metaphor for social relations. Its analysis demonstrates the possibility of describing chemical theories, characterised by an anthropomorphic language, using poetic means. Due to the inherently poetic nature of chemical language, Nobel Laureate Roald Hoffmann (2002) suggests relaxing strictures against expressing emotions and personal motives in scientific publications, thus enabling the use ofing poetry to understand and communicate science. Based on the analysis of Goethe's novel and Hoffmann's essay, this article discusses the possibility of using poetic means to help understand chemistry and communicate its research results.

Planning and ramping up a new SW Testing site

During recent years, mobile phone markets have changed significantly. Asian markets have become vital for the manufacturers with their millions of end users and multiple major mobile network operators. This has resulted in software development as global companies have research and development sites running in multiple locations, including Asia. The reasons behind this are not only in reducing labor costs but also in capitalizing on the local knowledge and knowhow. A ramp-up site has multiple effects in the software development and software release activities. This thesis focuses on representing the importance of software testing as part of software development process and highlighting issues that need to be considered during ramp-up activities. In addition this work tries to emphasize the importance of communication between parties and information gathering prior to setting up the ramp-up site. The output of this thesis was successful software testing site ramp-up within the set time limits. The quality of software testing work was assured and the ramp-up -project requirements were achieved.

Teknologinen kehitys hyvinvointivaltiossa

Tämän diplomityön tavoitteena on luoda poikkitieteellinen katsaus teknologisen kehityksen vaikutuksiin hyvinvointivaltion perusrakenteille, kuten työnteko, yrityskulttuuri, peruskoulutus sekä innovaatiopolitiikka. Työ pyrkii osoittamaan myös hyvinvointivaltion roolin Suomen kilpailu- ja innovaatiokyvyn kannalta. Työn viitekehys rakentuu teknisten-, yhteiskuntatieteiden, sosiologian sekä tämän päivän heikkojen signaalien varaan. Työ yhdistää erilaiset näkökulmat yhdeksi kokonaisuudeksi, josta myös lukija voi luoda oman näkemyksensä. Johtopäätöksinä työssä huomataan hyvinvointivaltion roolin suuruus puhuttaessa suomalaisesta innovaatio- ja kilpailukyvystä. Tasa-arvoinen peruskoulutusjärjestelmä, tulonsiirrot sekä sosiaalinen turvaverkko ovat olleet luomassa pohjaa nykyiselle hyvinvoinnillemme sekä kilpailukyvyllemme. Kuitenkin nämä järjestelmät ovat jäämässä ajastaan jälkeen, sillä niitä ei ole suunniteltu kansallisvaltioiden väliseen kilpailuun. Yksityistäminen ja globaalille kilpailulle avautuminen ovat nähty maailmalla ratkaisuna tähän ongelmaan, kuten Englannissa tehtiin 40 vuotta sitten. Yksityistämisen vaikutukset hyvinvointivaltioon ovat kuitenkin arvaamattomia, sillä hyvinvointivaltio on vielä varsin tutkimaton käsite. Teknologinen kehitys on ollut luomassa kilpailuetuamme ja siitä voidaan olettaa myös luovan tulevaa kilpailuetua. Suomeen on saatava uudenlainen johtamisen- ja yhteiskunnallisen ymmärtämisen kulttuuri, joka huomioi myös globalisaation mukanaan tuomia muutoksia. Se yhdistettynä teknologian kehitykseen ja innovaatiopolitiikkaan saattaa olla Suomen tulevaisuuden kannalta ratkaiseva innovatiivinen kilpailuetu.

Soldiering and the making of Finnish manhood : conscription and masculinity in interwar Finland, 1918–1939

Military conscription and peacetime military service were the subjects of heated political, social and cultural controversies during the early years of national independence in Finland. Both the critics and the supporters of the existing military system described it as strongly formative of young men’s physical and moral development into adult men and male citizens. The conflicts over conscription prompted the contemporaries to express their notions about what Finnish men were like, at their best and at their worst, and what should and could be done about it. This thesis studies military conscription as an arena for the “making of manhood” in peacetime Finnish society, 1918–1939. It examines a range of public images of conscripted soldiering, asking how soldiering was depicted and given gendered meanings in parliamentary debates, war hero myths, texts concerned with the military and civic education of conscripts, as well as in works of fiction and reminiscences about military training as a personal experience. Studying conscription with a focus on masculinity, the thesis explores the different cultural images of manliness, soldiering and male citizenship on offer in Finnish society. It investigates how political parties, officers, educators, journalists, writers and “ordinary” conscripts used and developed, embraced or rejected these notions, according to their political purposes or personal needs. The period between the two world wars can be described as a fast-forward into military modernity in Finland. In the process, European middle class gender ideologies clashed with Finnish agrarian masculinities. Nationalistic agendas for the militarisation of Finnish manhood stumbled against intense class conflicts and ideological resistance. Military propaganda used images of military heroism, civic virtue and individual success to persuade the conscripts into ways of thinking and acting that were shaped by bourgeois mentality, nationalistic ideology and religious morality. These images are further analysed as expressive of the personal experiences and emotions of their middle-aged, male authors. The efforts of these military educators were, however, actively resisted on many fronts, ranging from rural working class masculinities among the conscripted young men to ideological critiques of the standing army system in parliament. In narratives about military training, masculinity was depicted as both strengthened and contradicted by the harsh and even brutal practices of interwar Finnish military training. The study represents a combination of new military history and the historical study of men and masculinities. It approaches masculinity as a contested and highly political form of social and cultural knowledge that is actively and selectively used by historic actors. Instead of trying to identify a dominant or “hegemonic” form of masculinity within a pre-determined theoretical structure, this study examines how the meanings ascribed to manhood varied according to class, age, political ideology and social situation. The interwar period in Finland can be understood as a period of contest between different notions of militarised masculinity, yet to judge by the materials studied, there was no clear winning party in that contest. A gradual movement from an atmosphere of conflict surrounding conscription towards political and cultural compromises can be discerned, yet this convergence was incomplete and many division lines remained.

Hiljaisen tiedon siirtämisen prosessi mentoroinnissa – näkökulmana kognitiivinen oppipoikamalli

Hiljainen tieto muodostaa organisaatioiden keskeisen kilpailutekijän, sillä sitä on vaikea kopioida. Hiljaista tietoa pyritään siirtämään erilaisia osaamisen kehittämisen menetelmiä hyödyntäen. Tässä tutkielmassa tutkitaan, miten hiljaista tietoa siirretään mentoroinnissa. Mentorointiin liittyvissä tutkimuksissa ei ole tutkittu sitä vuorovaikutukseen perustuvaa prosessia, jonka aikana hiljaista tietoa siirretään mentorilta aktorille. Tämä tutkielma toi lisää tietoa tähän tutkimusaukkoon. Tutkielman teoreettisessa osiossa esiteltiin kolme näkökulmaa, jotka muo-dostivat tutkielman viitekehyksen: hiljainen tieto ja sen siirtäminen, mentorointi sekä kognitiivinen oppipoikamalli. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin fenomenografista tapaustutkimusta. Tutkimuksen kohderyhmän muodostivat neljä mentori-aktori –paria, joita haastateltiin teemahaastattelulla. Empiiriset tulokset osoittivat, että hiljaisen tiedon siirtäminen mentoroinnissa tapahtui kognitiivisen oppipoikamallin vaiheita hyödyntäen. Kaikki kognitiivisen oppipoikamallin vaiheet esiintyivät mentorointiprosessissa. Siirrettävässä hiljaisessa tiedossa näyttäytyivät tiedon toiminnallinen, situationaalinen ja sosiaalinen luonne. Keskeisimmiksi hiljaisen tiedon siirtämisen menetelmiksi osoittautuivat mentorin läsnäolo, kuuntelu, kysymysten tekeminen ja aktorin oivalluttaminen. Tutkielman keskeisenä tuloksena ja toimenpide-ehdotuksena esitettiin hiljaisen tiedon siirtämisen malli mentoroinnissa, joka kehitettiin tutkimuksen teoreettisen viitekehyksen ja tutkimuksesta saatujen tulosten pohjalta.

Behaviour and life history of a large carpenter bee (Xylocopa virginica) in the northern extent of its range

Large carpenter bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopa) have traditionally been thought of as exhibiting solitary or occasionally communal colony social organization. However, studies have demonstrated more complex fonns of social behaviour in this genus. In this document, I examine elements ofbehaviour and life history in a North American species at the northern extreme of its range. Xylocopa virginica was found to be socially polymorphic with both solitary and meta-social or semi-social nests in the same population. In social nests, there is no apparent benefit from additional females which do not perfonn significant work or guarding. I found that the timing of life-history events varies between years, yet foraging effort only differed in the coldest and wettest year of2004 the study. Finally, I that male X virginica exhibit female defence polygyny, with resident and satellite males. Resident males maintain their territories through greater aggression relative to satellites.

Making Queer Anti-capitalist Resistance Intelligible: Reading Queer Childhood in the Ruins of Neoliberalism

In challenging normative social relations, queer cultural studies has shied away from deploying historical materialist theoretical tools. My research addresses this gap by drawing these two literatures into conversation. I do so by investigating how global economic relations provide an allegorical and material context for the regulation, representation and re-imagining of working-class queer childhood through anti- capitalist queer readings of three films: Kes, Billy Elliot, and Boys Village. I deploy this reading practice to investigate how these films represent heteronormative capitalism’s systematic extermination of the life possibilities of working class children, how children resist forces of normalisation by creating queer times and spaces, and how nostalgia engenders a spatio-temporal understanding of queerness through a radical utopianism. My analysis foregrounds visual cultural productions as sites for understanding how contemporary social worlds exclude queer working class children, who struggle to insert themselves into and thereby shift the grounds of normative social relations.

The Myth of Labour-Management Partnerships and the Risk to Labour: A CAMI Automotive Study

The purpose of this study is to examine and explore the level of risk that CAMI workers confront under their existing labour-management partnership arrangement. Risk is explored using two distinct categories, distributive and political. Distributive risk is expressed as tangibly substantive, reflecting the real terms and conditions of employment, and the changing social relations of production on the floor. The second type of risk is political and is concerned with the effects that labour-management partnerships have on the displacement of unions as legitimate agents of/for workers within the workplace. Data was collected using three methods; content analysis, cross-sectional survey and focus group interviews. The study revealed that CAMI workers are exposed to both distributive and political risk under their current LMP arrangement.