The role of lymphotoxin-B receptor signaling in t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia development

Dissertação de mest., Ciências Biomédicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2010

Manutenção preventiva ou manutenção corretiva em linhas aéreas de média tensão? Utilização do data envelopment analysis como auxiliar de gestão dos ativos técnicos de manutenção

O uso de Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) no setor de distribuição de energia elétrica tem dado origem à publicação de vários artigos científicos. No geral, estes artigos focam-se na comparação da eficiência das empresas de distribuição de eletricidade. Na generalidade dos artigos, o tratamento da informação tem sido predominantemente descritivo e classificatório, sem focar no processo de transformação. Em contraste, o trabalho que se apresenta aqui pretende mostrar as potencialidades do DEA na análise de variáveis do processo de transformação e procura explorar o seu potencial para a identificação dos programas e intervenções que contribuem para a melhoria efetiva no processo de distribuição de eletricidade. É nossa convicção que as avaliações de natureza formativa, com fins de aprendizagem, são mais eficazes do que os estudos sumativos porque contribuem para uma melhor compreensão das estruturas e processos, sendo portanto mais adequadas para contribuir para a melhoria do desempenho. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se uma questão importante no contexto da análise DEA: a de investigar, se as diferenças de eficiência são devidas a um programa específico de gestão ou às características de conceção. Para o efeito, o estudo recorre a dois métodos diferentes para realizar este tipo de análise. Em primeiro lugar, aplicamos a estatística de rank de Mann-Whitney aos scores do DEA, a fim de avaliar a significância estatística das diferenças observadas entre um programa de tratamento e o programa de controlo. Em segundo lugar, procedemos a uma análise dinâmica com o Índice de Produtividade de Malmquist, a fim de estudar o impacto da introdução de uma nova tecnologia num grupo de unidades. O estudo de caso desenvolvido centra-se na avaliação do desempenho de linhas de média tensão afetas a uma das regiões de serviço de uma empresa de distribuição de energia elétrica, regulada pelo Sistema Público de Distribuição de Energia em Portugal (ERSE). Os resultados do estudo de caso mostram que a aplicação do DEA tem um grande potencial para contribuir para a melhoria dos processos e deve ser explorado noutros contextos.

Spatial variability of macroinvertebrate assemblages and the influence of hydrological and environmental variables along the Sigi River, Tanzania-East Africa

The study of investigating the spatial and temporal variability of macroinvertebrate and their relation to hydrology, hydraulic and environmental factors was done along the Sigi River during two sampling periods in the dry (March) and wet (May) periods of 2012. The river was demarcated based on slope ranges and five river zones were identified as mountains streams (MS), upper foothills (UF), lower foothills (LF), rejuvenated foothills (REJ) and mature lower river (MR). Samples of macroinvertebrate were collected from the five river zones and measurements of hydrological (discharge), hydraulics (Depth, velocity and Froude number) and Environmental (pH, Temperature, substrate, conductivity) parameters were done in each zone. In characterizing the macroinvertebrate assemblages along the Sigi River diversity indices (number of taxa, total abundances, Margalef richness index and ShannonWiener index) were calculated and the most representative species for the spatial and temporal variation were identified. Melanoides and Afronurous showed differences in abundance in two samplings periods while Cleopatra, Potamonautes, Ephemerythus, Neoperla, Caenis, Ceratogomphus and Cheumatopsyche showed significant difference among the river zones. Spearman rank correlation and Distance Linear Model (DistLM) used to revealed physical factors governing the macroinvertebrate assemblages distribution. The study demonstrated that the variation of physical factors like discharge, temperature, conductivity and pH have an important role in the spatial distribution of macroinvertebrate assemblages along the river and the life cycle of macroinvertebrate (Afronurus) is important in determining the temporal variability.

Implication de la prostaglandine D2 dans le contrôle du métabolisme osseux chez l'homme

Les prostaglandines sont des médiateurs lipidiques impliqués dans de nombreux processus physiologiques et pathologiques. De récentes évidences dans la littérature ainsi que de notre laboratoire ont fait ressortir le fait que la PGD2 pourrait être impliquée dans le contrôle du métabolisme osseux. Mes travaux de doctorat ont été effectués selon cette hypothèse et ont déterminé l’effet de la PGD2 sur la différenciation des cellules souches mésenchymateuses et des précurseurs ostéoclastiques, en plus d’étudier le rôle de cette prostaglandine dans la réparation des fractures chez l’homme. De plus, j’ai étudié l’internalisation et la désensibilisation des récepteurs de la PGD2, DP et CRTH2. D’un point de vue moléculaire, mes résultats démontrent un patron d’internalisation et désensibilisation différent pour les 2 récepteurs de la PGD2. Bien que la cinétique d’internalisation de ces récepteurs soit la même, l’internalisation de DP est régulée par les arrestines 2 et 3, la GRK2 et la PKC, alors que l’arrestine 3, les GRK2, 5 et 6, PKC et PKA régulent celle de CRTH2. L’internalisation de DP et CRTH2 est réduite par la co-expression de Rab4 et Rab11 respectivement, ce qui suggère des systèmes de recyclage différents. En analysant la signalisation de ces récepteurs, nous avons découvert que la GRK2 régule la signalisation de DP, alors que les 3 GRKs étudiées, soient les GRK2, 5 et 6 régulent la signalisation de CRTH2. Nous avons également démontré que les récepteurs de la PGD2 ont des effets différents sur la différenciation des CSMs humaines. En effet, la différenciation adipocytaire est augmentée de façon significative par la PGD2 et cet effet est dû à l’activation du récepteur PPAR-γ par un métabolite de la PGD2. L’activation du récepteur DP diminue l’adipogenèse alors que CRTH2 n’y joue pas de rôle significatif. Cependant, CRTH2 augmente significativement la différenciation des CSM en ostéoblastes, alors que l’activation de DP l’inhibe. Mes travaux ont montré que la PGD2 module l’ostéoclastogenèse et la résorption osseuse en abaissant l’expression de gènes impliqués dans celles-ci. En effet, les gènes NFATC1, RANK et CathK sont fortement régulés à la baisse par l’activation des récepteurs de la PGD2. Pour terminer, nous avons identifié l’axe de la PGD2 comme étant important lors du remodelage osseux chez l’homme. En comparant une cohorte de patients ayant une fracture osseuse à des contrôles, nous avons découvert que la production de PGD2 et l’expression d’une de ses synthétases sont significativement plus élevées que chez les contrôles. Parallèlement, la production de PGE2 ne diffère pas entre les groupes indiquant que l’augmentation de PGD2 n’est pas due à l’inflammation non spécifique causée par la fracture. De plus, l’augmentation de synthèse de PGD2 corrèle avec l’augmentation de la BAP, un marqueur clinique de formation osseuse. J’ai donc démontré que la PGD2, par l’entremise de l’activation de CRTH2, est un médiateur lipidique important pour la physiologie osseuse et que son activation pourrait favoriser l’anabolisme osseux.

Automatic classification of scientific records using the German Subject Heading Authority File (SWD)

The following paper deals with an automatic text classification method which does not require training documents. For this method the German Subject Heading Authority File (SWD), provided by the linked data service of the German National Library is used. Recently the SWD was enriched with notations of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). In consequence it became possible to utilize the subject headings as textual representations for the notations of the DDC. Basically, we we derive the classification of a text from the classification of the words in the text given by the thesaurus. The method was tested by classifying 3826 OAI-Records from 7 different repositories. Mean reciprocal rank and recall were chosen as evaluation measure. Direct comparison to a machine learning method has shown that this method is definitely competitive. Thus we can conclude that the enriched version of the SWD provides high quality information with a broad coverage for classification of German scientific articles.

Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species and Communities Tracked by the SC DNR Heritage Trust Program

This species lists for South Carolina provides the scientific name, common name, USESA designation, state protection level, global rank, and state rank of rare, threatened, and endangered species and communities known to occur in the state.

Ecos do silêncio : para um estudo iconológico do fado

Tese de doutoramento, História (Arte Património e Restauro), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2015

Application of Redundancy Analysis for Aerobiological Data

An aerobiological survey was conducted through five consecutive years (2006–2010) at Worcester (England).The concentration of 20 allergenic fungal spore types was measured using a 7-day volumetric spore trap. The relationship between investigated fungal spore genera and selected meteorological parameters (maximum, minimum, mean and dew point temperatures, rainfall, relative humidity, air pressure,wind direction) was examined using an ordination method(redundancy analysis) to determine which environmental factors favoured their most abundance in the air and whether it would be possible to detect similarities between different genera in their distribution pattern. Redundancy analysis provided additional information about the biology of the studied fungi through the results of the Spearman’s rank correlation. Application of the variance inflation factor in canonical correspondence analysis indicated which explanatory variables were auto-correlated and needed to be excluded from further analyses. Obtained information will be consequently implemented in the selection of factors that will be a foundation for forecasting models for allergenic fungal spores in the future.

Potential Impact of Climate Change on Fungal Distributions: Analysis of 2 Years of Contrasting Weather in the UK

The impact of climate change on fungal growth and spore production is less well documented than for allergenic pollen grains, although similar implications for respiratory tract diseases in humans occur. Fungal spores are commonly described as either “dry” or “wet” according to the type of weather associated with their occurrence in the air. This study examined the distribution of selected fungal spores (Alternaria spp., Cladosporium spp., Didymella spp., Epicoccum spp., Leptosphaeria spp. and rusts) occurring in the West Midlands of UK during 2 years of contrasting weather. Spore specimens were collected using a 7-day volumetric air sampler and then analysed with the aid of light microscopy. Distributions of spores were then studied using normality tests and Mann–Whitney U test, while relationships with meteorological parameters were investigated using Spearman’s rank test and angular-linear correlation for wind direction analysis. Our results showed that so-called wet spores were more sensitive to the weather changes showing statistically significant differences between the 2 years of study, in contrast to “dry” spores. We predict that in following years we will observe accelerated levels in allergenic fungal spore production as well as changes in species diversity. This study could be a starting point to revise the grouping system of fungal spores as either “dry” or “wet” types and their response to climate change

Comparisons of Fungal Spore Distributions Using Air Sampling at Worcester, England (2006-2010)

This study determined annual and monthly fluctuations in concentration of 20 fungal genera. The selection of taxa was made based upon their high frequency in the air as well as their well-known allergenic properties. Air samples were collected using a spore trap of Hirst design at an urban site where the trap continuously worked throughout a 5-year survey. Weather data were acquired from a meteorological station co-located with the air sampler. Influence of several meteorological parameters was then examined to reveal species–environment interactions and the potential location of fungal spore sources within the urban area. The maximum monthly sum of mean daily spore concentration varied between genera, and the earliest peaks were recorded for Pleospora sp. in April and Ustilago sp. in June. However, the majority of investigated spore types occurred in the greatest concentrations between August and September. Out of the 20 studied taxa, the most dominant genus was Cladosporium sp., which exceeded an allergenic threshold of 3000 s m-3 40 times during very rainy years and twice as much during dry years. A Spearman’s rank test showed that statistically significant (p B 0.05) relationships between spore concentration and weather parameters were mainly rs B 0.50. Potential sources of spores at Worcester were likely to be localised outside the city area.

Identification of image attributes that are most affected with changes in displayed image size

This paper describes an investigation of changes in image appearance when images are viewed at different image sizes on a high-end LCD device. Two digital image capturing devices of different overall image quality were used for recording identical natural scenes with a variety of pictorial contents. From each capturing device, a total of sixty four captured scenes, including architecture, nature, portraits, still and moving objects and artworks under various illumination conditions and recorded noise level were selected. The test set included some images where camera shake was purposefully introduced. An achromatic version of the image set that contained only lightness information was obtained by processing the captured images in CIELAB space. Rank order experiments were carried out to determine which image attribute(s) were most affected when the displayed image size was altered. These evaluations were carried out for both chromatic and achromatic versions of the stimuli. For the achromatic stimuli, attributes such as contrast, brightness, sharpness and noisiness were rank-ordered by the observers in terms of the degree of change. The same attributes, as well as hue and colourfulness, were investigated for the chromatic versions of the stimuli. Results showed that sharpness and contrast were the two most affected attributes with changes in displayed image size. The ranking of the remaining attributes varied with image content and illumination conditions. Further, experiments were carried out to link original scene content to the attributes that changed mostly with changes in image size.

Betel Use in Pregnancy

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2015

Incorporação de resíduos cerâmicos em argamassas de cal aérea sujeitas a condições severas de humidade e salinidade

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Edificações

Velocidade da corrosão do aço em argamassas cimentícias modificadas com polímeros

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química

A influência das condições de cura nas propriedades das argamassas de cal para revestimentos antigos

Dissertação elaborada no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Edificações no âmbito do protocolo de cooperação entre o ISEL e o LNEC