A gente se v�� por aqui? : percepções de espectadores infantis sobre crianças na televisão

Esta dissertação teve por objetivo conhecer as perspectivas infantis sobre as crianças que atuam na televisão brasileira. O estudo parte do entendimento de que na contemporaneidade o contato de crianças com diferentes mídias é intenso e que isto, aliado a outras experiências, proporciona a estruturação de modos de ser e estar no mundo. Interessada em aproximar-se desses modos de ser e estar, a pesquisa organizou-se no sentido de travar um contato direto com as crianças espectadoras atrav��s da dinâmica dos Grupos de Discussão, numa abordagem de Pesquisa-Intervenção. Além de traçar uma abordagem histórica da televisão no Brasil e da relação desta mídia com as crianças neste país, o trabalho aponta possibilidades de reflexão sobre processos de subjetivação e significação do mundo por parte dos meninos e meninas interlocutores da pesquisa. Noções de recepção, de fama e beleza, de trabalho etc. são discutidas com e a partir do que as crianças formulam e enunciam. Os principais autores que fundamentaram a pesquisa são Mikhail Bakhtin, Lucia Rabello de Castro e Solange Jobim e Souza.

Régime alimentaire de la phase lagunaire de Elops lacerta (C.V. 1846)

Elops lacerta is a juvenil's predator of all the fish species living in the same biotope. its preys follow three systematic orders: 1 - Fishes: they are the most important in the stomachal contents of Elops lacerta, and are dominated by clupeidae, mainly by Ethmalosa fimbriata; 2 - Shrimps: mainly the Peneidae, are not very important; 3 - Molluscs: they are the less important preys and are represented by only one Pelecypoda family: the Corbulidae. This earlier predator feeds rather at night than during the day. It has neither preferential prey nor apparent seasonal variations in its food habits.

Sylphella puccoon gen. n., sp n. and two additional new species of aquatic oligochaetes (Lumbriculidae, Clitellata) from poorly-known lotic habitats in North Carolina (USA)

Three new species of Lumbriculidae were collected from floodplain seeps and small streams in southeastern North America. Some of these habitats are naturally acidic. Sylphella puccoon gen. n., sp. n. has prosoporous male ducts in X-XI, and spermathecae in XII-XIII. Muscular, spherical atrial ampullae and acuminate penial sheaths distinguish this monotypic new genus from other lumbriculid genera having similar arrangements of reproductive organs. Cookidrilus pocosinus sp. n. resembles its two subterranean, Palearctic congeners in the arrangement of reproductive organs, but is easily distinguished by the position of the spermathecal pores in front of the chaetae in X-XIII. Stylodrilus coreyi sp. n. differs from congeners having simple-pointed chaetae and elongate atria primarily by the structure of the male duct and the large clusters of prostate cells. Streams and wetlands of Southeastern USA have a remarkably high diversity of endemic lumbriculids, and these poorly-known invertebrates should be considered in conservation efforts.

Diel and seasonal timing of sound production by black drum (Pogonias cromis)

Acoustic recorders were used to document black drum (Pogonias cromis) sound production during their spawning season in southwest Florida. Diel patterns of sound production were similar to those of other sciaenid fishes and demonstrated increased sound levels from the late afternoon to early evening—a period that lasted up to 12 hours during peak season. Peak sound production occurred from January through March when water temperatures were between 18° and 22°C. Seasonal trends in sound production matched patterns of black drum reproductive readiness and spawning reported previously for populations in the Gulf of Mexico. Total acoustic energy of nightly chorus events was estimated by integration of the sound pressure amplitude with duration above a threshold based on daytime background levels. Maximum chorus sound level was highly correlated with total acoustic energy and was used to quantitatively represent nightly black drum sound production. This study gives evidence that long-term passive acoustic recordings can provide information on the timing and location of black drum reproductive behavior that is similar to that provided by traditional, more costly methods. The methods and results have broad application for the study of many other fish species, including commercially and recreationally valuable reef fishes that produce sound in association with reproductive behav

Taller Integrado 3A (Proyectos V, Construcción I y Urbanismo III)

Nivel educativo: Grado. Duración (en horas): Más de 50 horas

Nous sommes tousjours au dela : a negação narrative do sujeito modern em Sur des vers de Virgile (ensaios III, cap.V) de Michel de Motaigne

Investigando a apresentação das ideias em Sobre versos de Virgílio, a tese demonstra como sua estruturação ambígua, onde tudo é constantemente negado por seus contrários, leva a um contínuo estado de confusão e perplexidade, tornando impossível a determinação lógica dos conceitos e conduzindo a um progressivo esvaziamento do texto enquanto signo direto do pensamento do autor. Por outro lado, partindo de uma perspectiva hermenêutica influenciada pela anatomia, a análise mostra que o uso sistemático e criativo das instâncias narrativas (autor, narrador, signatário), juntamente com a reunificação textual de diferentes Montaignes (presentes nos diversos estágio editoriais do ensaio), acaba por dissolver a própria noção de identidade a si do autor, tendo por consequência imediata sua disseminação em v��rios sujeitos diversos e contraditórios e, por fim, colocando em xeque a clássica percepção dos Ensaios com o nascimento da subjetividade moderna.

El riesgo de orientación en la inversión en spin-offs universitarias. ¿Existe? ¿Es posible identificarlo en los primeros años de vida?

[ES] Diversos estudios han mostrado evidencias de que las empresas creadas desde las universidades (spin-offs) presentan unas tasas de crecimiento menores que otros tipos de start-ups. Esto puede deberse en parte a que un porcentaje de ellas pueden estar orientadas a dar continuidad a proyectos de investigación en base a ayudas públicas, en lugar de a valorizar resultados de investigación en el mercado. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es contrastar si es posible diferenciar dos tipos de spin-offs en función de si están orientadas al mercado o no. Además, en segundo lugar, hemos tratado de comprobar si es posible identificar esta orientación desde las primeras fases de vida de las spin-offs, lo que afectaría al perfil de riesgo desde el punto de vista de los inversores. Para ello hemos utilizado una muestra de 20 spin-offs y se ha procedido a analizar tanto sus estados contables como las ayudas y subvenciones públicas obtenidas durante sus primeros cinco años de actividad. La metodología empleada ha sido el análisis de conglomerados. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que, si bien efectivamente un número significativo de spin-offs no parecen orientadas al mercado, esta diferenciación no puede inferirse de la información inicial económico financiera de la empresa. Este hecho puede dar lugar a un riesgo de orientación , definido como la imposibilidad por parte del inversor inicial de saber si existe una orientación o no al mercado de la spin-off.

Number of Players and Relative Pitch Area per Player: Comparing Their Influence on Heart Rate and Physical Demands in Under-12 and Under-13 Football Players

The aim of the present study is to analyse the influence of different large-sided games (LSGs) on the physical and physiological variables in under-12s (U12) and -13s (U13) soccer players. The effects of the combination of different number of players per team, 7, 9, and 11 (P7, P9, and P11, respectively) with three relative pitch areas, 100, 200, and 300 m(2) (A100, A200, and A300, respectively), were analysed in this study. The variables analysed were: 1) global indicator such as total distance (TD); work:rest ratio (W:R); player-load (PL) and maximal speed (V-max); 2) heart rate (HR) mean and time spent in different intensity zones of HR (<75%, 75-84%, 84-90% and >90%), and; 3) five absolute (<8, 8-13, 13-16 and >16 Km h(-1)) and three relative speed categories (<40%, 40-60% and >60% V-max). The results support the theory that a change in format (player number and pitch dimensions) affects no similarly in the two players categories. Although it can seem that U13 players are more demanded in this kind of LSG, when the work load is assessed from a relative point of view, great pitch dimensions and/or high number of player per team are involved in the training task to the U12 players. The results of this study could alert to the coaches to avoid some types of LSGs for the U12 players such as:P11 played in A100, A200 or A300, P9 played in A200 or A300 and P7 played in A300 due to that U13>U12 in several physical and physiological variables (W:R, time spent in 84-90% HRmax, distance in 8-13 and 13-16 Km h(-1) and time spent in 40-60% V-max). These results may help youth soccer coaches to plan the progressive introduction of LSGs so that task demands are adapted to the physiological and physical development of participants.

Discurso e representação sobre as práticas rituais dos esparciatas e dos seus basileus na Lacedemônia, do século V a.C.

A história da pólis de Esparta como, por vezes, nos foi apresentada tomou uma perspectiva historiográfica dotada de pressupostos Atenocêntricos, os quais acabaram apresentando-a como rústica, dotada de uma economia e uma cultura estática e demasiadamente inclinada às atividades militares. No entanto, atrav��s de nossa pesquisa verificamos que as práticas político-culturais dos cidadãos de Esparta eram dinâmicas, para sua época. Seguindo por esse viés, verificamos que as representações de Esparta, sobretudo dos esparciatas e dos seus basileus, variaram de acordo com o grupo social e o contexto histórico em que foram empregadas. Com isso, observamos que embora os cidadãos de Esparta tenham sido, em algumas circunstâncias, criticados pelos pensadores antigos, esta não foi uma tendência hegemônica. Sendo assim, mediante os indícios da documentação literária do período Clássico, notamos que os esparciatas e os seus basileus teriam sido homens dotados de um habitus tradicional, o qual valorizava o aprimoramento físico e mental, assim como a responsabilidade com os deveres sagrados. Atrav��s da interação entre os vestígios documentais e dos estudos historiográficos mapeamos parte das representações de Esparta que figuraram os diversos discursos no decorrer da história do Ocidente, no intuito de materializarmos as possíveis motivações político-culturais nas apropriações do habitus espartano. Por conseguinte, recorremos à documentação literária para entendermos como parte dos pensadores clássicos concebeu, por meio de uma memória ancestral, a formação da região da Lacedemônia e da pólis de Esparta, a qual teria se dado concomitantemente com a legitimação político-cultural da identidade étnica dos basileus e dos esparciatas. Por fim, analisamos as práticas rituais em honra ao deus Apolo como um mecanismo empregado pelos segmentos sociais hegemônicos da Lacedemônia para ratificar o seu poder político frente a grupos sociais submetidos.

Catches of Humpback Whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, by the Soviet Union and Other Nations in the Southern Ocean, 1947–1973

From 1947 to 1973, the U.S.S.R. conducted a huge campaign of illegal whaling worldwide. We review Soviet catches of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in the Southern Ocean during this period, with an emphasis on the International Whaling Commission’s Antarctic Management Areas IV, V, and VI (the principal regions of illegal Soviet whaling on this species, south of Australia and western Oceania). Where possible, we summarize legal and illegal Soviet catches by year, Management Area, and factory fleet, and also include information on takes by other nations. Soviet humpback catches between 1947 and 1973 totaled 48,702 and break down as follows: 649 (Area I), 1,412 (Area II), 921 (Area III), 8,779 (Area IV), 22,569 (Area V), and 7,195 (Area VI), with 7,177 catches not currently assignable to area. In all, at least 72,542 humpback whales were killed by all operations (Soviet plus other nations) after World War II in Areas IV (27,201), V (38,146), and VI (7,195). More than one-third of these (25,474 whales, of which 25,192 came from Areas V and VI) were taken in just two seasons, 1959–60 and 1960–61. The impact of these takes, and of those from Area IV in the late 1950’s, is evident in the sometimes dramatic declines in catches at shore stations in Australia, New Zealand, and at Norfolk Island. When compared to recent estimates of abundance and initial population size, the large removals from Areas IV and V indicate that the populations in these regions remain well below pre-exploitation levels despite reported strong growth rates off eastern and western Australia. Populations in many areas of Oceania continue to be small, indicating that the catches from Area VI and eastern Area V had long-term impacts on recovery.

Stanford University’s John Otterbein Snyder: Student, Collaborator, and Colleague of David Starr Jordan and Charles Henry Gilbert

John Otterbein Snyder (1867–1943) was an early student of David Starr Jordan at Stanford University and subsequently rose to become an assistant professor there. During his 34 years with the university he taught a wide variety of courses in various branches of zoology and advised numerous students. He eventually mentored 8 M.A. and 4 Ph.D. students to completion at Stanford. He also assisted in the collection of tens of thousands of fish specimens from the western Pacific, central Pacific, and the West Coast of North America, part of the time while stationed as “Naturalist” aboard the U.S. Fish Commission’s Steamer Albatross (1902–06). Although his early publications dealt mainly with fish groups and descriptions (often as a junior author with Jordan), after 1910 he became more autonomous and eventually rose to become one of the Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., experts on the West Coast. Throughout his career, he was especially esteemed by colleagues as “a stimulating teacher,” “an excellent biologist,” and “a fine man.