Signature of the interaction between dark energy and dark matter in galaxy clusters

We investigate the influence of ail interaction between dark energy and dark matter upon the dynamics of galaxy clusters. We obtain file general Layser-Irvine equation in the presence of interactions, and find how, in that case. the virial theorem stands corrected. Using optical, X-ray and weak lensing data from 33 relaxed galaxy clusters, we put constraints on the strength of the coupling between the dark sectors. Available data Suggests that this coupling is small but positive, indicating that dark energy might be decaying into dark matter. Systematic effects between the several mass estimates, however, should be better known, before definitive conclusions oil the magnitude and significance of this coupling could be established. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Theoretical Analysis of Aggregation in Block-Copolymer Films: The Optical Signature

We focus this work on the theoretical investigation of the block-copolymer poly [oxyoctyleneoxy-(2,6-dimethoxy-1,4phenylene-1,2-ethinylene-phenanthrene-2,4diyl) named as LaPPS19, recently proposed for optoelectronic applications. We used for that a variety of methods, from molecular mechanics to quantum semiempirical techniques (AMI, ZINDO/S-CIS). Our results show that as expected isolated LaPPS19 chains present relevant electron localization over the phenanthrene group. We found, however, that LaPPS19 could assemble in a pi-stacked form, leading to impressive interchain interaction; the stacking induces electronic delocalization between neighbor chains and introduces new states below the phenanthrene-related absorption; these results allowed us to associate the red-shift of the absorption edge, seen in the experimental results, to spontaneous pi-stack aggregation of the chains. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110: 885-892, 2010

CLUSTER MODEL FOR REACTIONS INDUCED BY WEAKLY BOUND AND/OR EXOTIC HALO NUCLEI WITH MEDIUM-MASS TARGETS

An experimental overview of reactions induced by the stable, but weakly-bound nuclei (6)Li, (7)Li and (9)Be, and by the exotic, halo nuclei (6)He, (8)B, (11)Be and (17)F On medium-mass targets, such as (58)Ni, (59)Co or (64)Zn, is presented. Existing data on elastic scattering, total reaction cross sections, fusion, breakup and transfer channels are discussed in the framework of a CDCC approach taking into account the breakup degree of freedom.

Performance of balanced two-stage empirical predictors of realized cluster latent values from finite populations: A simulation study

Predictors of random effects are usually based on the popular mixed effects (ME) model developed under the assumption that the sample is obtained from a conceptual infinite population; such predictors are employed even when the actual population is finite. Two alternatives that incorporate the finite nature of the population are obtained from the superpopulation model proposed by Scott and Smith (1969. Estimation in multi-stage surveys. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 64, 830-840) or from the finite population mixed model recently proposed by Stanek and Singer (2004. Predicting random effects from finite population clustered samples with response error. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 99, 1119-1130). Predictors derived under the latter model with the additional assumptions that all variance components are known and that within-cluster variances are equal have smaller mean squared error (MSE) than the competitors based on either the ME or Scott and Smith`s models. As population variances are rarely known, we propose method of moment estimators to obtain empirical predictors and conduct a simulation study to evaluate their performance. The results suggest that the finite population mixed model empirical predictor is more stable than its competitors since, in terms of MSE, it is either the best or the second best and when second best, its performance lies within acceptable limits. When both cluster and unit intra-class correlation coefficients are very high (e.g., 0.95 or more), the performance of the empirical predictors derived under the three models is similar. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Supramolecular Approach to Gold Nanoparticle/Triruthenium Cluster Hybrid Materials and Interfaces

A systematic and comprehensive study of the interaction of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles with triruthenium cluster complexes of general formula [Ru(3)(CH(3)COO)(6)(L)](+) [L = 4-cyanopyridine (4-CNpy), 4,4`-bipyridine (4,4`-bpy) or 4,4`-bis(pyridyl)ethylene (bpe)] has been carried out. The cluster-nanoparticle interaction in solution and the construction of thin films of the hybrid materials were investigated in detail by electronic and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles readily interacted with [Ru(3)O(CH(3)COO)(6)(L)(3)](+) complexes to generate functionalized nanoparticles that tend to aggregate according to rates and extents that depend on the bond strength defined by the characteristics of the cluster L ligands following the sequence bpe > 4,4`-bpy >> 4-CNpy. The formation of compact thin films of hybrid AuNP/[Ru(3)O(CH(3)COO)(6)(L)(3)](+) derivatives with L = bpe and 4,4`-bpy indicated that the stability/lability of AuNP-cluster bonds as well as their solubility are important parameters that influence the film contruction process. Fluorine-doped tin oxide electrodes modified with thin films of these nanomaterials exhibited similar electrocatalytic activity but much higher sensitivity than a conventional gold electrode in the oxidation of nitrite ion to nitrate depending on the bridging cluster complex, demonstrating the high potential for the development of amperometric sensors.

Unsupervised learning to cluster the disease stages in parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder (after Alzheimer's disease) and directly affects upto 5 million people worldwide. The stages (Hoehn and Yaar) of disease has been predicted by many methods which will be helpful for the doctors to give the dosage according to it. So these methods were brought up based on the data set which includes about seventy patients at nine clinics in Sweden. The purpose of the work is to analyze unsupervised technique with supervised neural network techniques in order to make sure the collected data sets are reliable to make decisions. The data which is available was preprocessed before calculating the features of it. One of the complex and efficient feature called wavelets has been calculated to present the data set to the network. The dimension of the final feature set has been reduced using principle component analysis. For unsupervised learning k-means gives the closer result around 76% while comparing with supervised techniques. Back propagation and J4 has been used as supervised model to classify the stages of Parkinson's disease where back propagation gives the variance percentage of 76-82%. The results of both these models have been analyzed. This proves that the data which are collected are reliable to predict the disease stages in Parkinson's disease.

Effect of facilitation of local maternal-and-newborn stakeholder groups on neonatal mortality : cluster-randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Facilitation of local women's groups may reportedly reduce neonatal mortality. It is not known whether facilitation of groups composed of local health care staff and politicians can improve perinatal outcomes. We hypothesised that facilitation of local stakeholder groups would reduce neonatal mortality (primary outcome) and improve maternal, delivery, and newborn care indicators (secondary outcomes) in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam. METHODS AND FINDINGS: In a cluster-randomized design 44 communes were allocated to intervention and 46 to control. Laywomen facilitated monthly meetings during 3 years in groups composed of health care staff and key persons in the communes. A problem-solving approach was employed. Births and neonatal deaths were monitored, and interviews were performed in households of neonatal deaths and of randomly selected surviving infants. A latent period before effect is expected in this type of intervention, but this timeframe was not pre-specified. Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) from July 2008 to June 2011 was 16.5/1,000 (195 deaths per 11,818 live births) in the intervention communes and 18.4/1,000 (194 per 10,559 live births) in control communes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.96 [95% CI 0.73-1.25]). There was a significant downward time trend of NMR in intervention communes (p = 0.003) but not in control communes (p = 0.184). No significant difference in NMR was observed during the first two years (July 2008 to June 2010) while the third year (July 2010 to June 2011) had significantly lower NMR in intervention arm: adjusted OR 0.51 (95% CI 0.30-0.89). Women in intervention communes more frequently attended antenatal care (adjusted OR 2.27 [95% CI 1.07-4.8]). CONCLUSIONS: A randomized facilitation intervention with local stakeholder groups composed of primary care staff and local politicians working for three years with a perinatal problem-solving approach resulted in increased attendance to antenatal care and reduced neonatal mortality after a latent period. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN44599712. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.

Effects of computer reminders on complications of peripheral venous catheters and nurses' adherence to a guideline in paediatric care : a cluster randomised study

BACKGROUND: Reminder systems in electronic patient records (EPR) have proven to affect both health care professionals' behaviour and patient outcomes. The aim of this cluster randomised trial was to investigate the effects of implementing a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) in paediatric care in the format of reminders integrated in the EPRs, on PVC-related complications, and on registered nurses' (RNs') self-reported adherence to the guideline. An additional aim was to study the relationship between contextual factors and the outcomes of the intervention. METHODS: The study involved 12 inpatient units at a paediatric university hospital. The reminders included choice of PVC, hygiene, maintenance, and daily inspection of PVC site. Primary outcome was documented signs and symptoms of PVC-related complications at removal, retrieved from the EPR. Secondary outcome was RNs' adherence to a PVC guideline, collected through a questionnaire that also included RNs' perceived work context, as measured by the Alberta Context Tool. Units were allocated into two strata, based on occurrence of PVCs. A blinded simple draw of lots from each stratum randomised six units to the control and intervention groups, respectively. Units were not blinded. The intervention group included 626 PVCs at baseline and 618 post-intervention and the control group 724 PVCs at baseline and 674 post-intervention. RNs included at baseline were 212 (65.4 %) and 208 (71.5 %) post-intervention. RESULTS: No significant effect was found for the computer reminders on PVC-related complications nor on RNs' adherence to the guideline recommendations. The complication rate at baseline and post-intervention was 40.6 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 36.7-44.5) and 41.9 % (95 % CI 38.0-45.8), for the intervention group and 40.3 % (95 % CI 36.8-44.0) and 46.9 % (95 % CI 43.1-50.7) for the control. In general, RNs' self-rated work context varied from moderately low to moderately high, indicating that conditions for a successful implementation to occur were less optimal. CONCLUSIONS: The reminders might have benefitted from being accompanied by a tailored intervention that targeted specific barriers, such as the low frequency of recorded reasons for removal, the low adherence to daily inspection of PVC sites, and the lack of regular feedback to the RNs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN44819426.

Identidade regional no cluster comercial da rua Oscar Freire

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Mestrado em Administração da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS

Análise de cluster no segmento de transportes rodoviários da região de Guarulhos-SP

JACUBAVICIUS, Celso. Análise de cluster no segmento de transportes rodoviários da região de Guarulhos-SP. 2012. 133f. Dissertação(Mestrado em Administração)-Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, 2012.

Identidade regional na configuração do cluster turístico do Circuito das Águas Paulista

Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Administração da Universidade Municipal São Caetano do Sul

Use of social network analysis to indentify the coopetition in a commercial cluster plan

The cluster provides a greater commercial relationship between the companies that comprise it. This encourages companies to adopt competitive structures that allow solving problems that would hardly alone (Lubeck et. Al., 2011). With that this paper aims to describe the coopetition between companies operating on a commercial cluster planned, from the point of view of retailers, taking as a basis the theoretical models proposed by Bengtsson and Kock (1999) and Leon (2005) and operationalized by means of Social Network Analysis (SNA). Data collection consisted of two phases, the first exploratory aspect to identify the actors, and the second was characterized as descriptive as it aims to describe the coopetition among the enterprises. As a result we identified the companies that cooperate and compete simultaneously (coopetition), firms that only compete, companies just cooperate and businesses that do not compete and do not cooperate (coexistence)

Formação do cluster tecnologico de São José dos Campos: trajetória e implicações

Este artigo analisa a relação entre empreendedorismo, inovação e trajetórias de crescimento das empresas do cluster tecnológico de São José dos Campos, São Paulo. A pesquisa aplicada é do tipo exploratório-descritivo, apoiada por pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionários em uma amostra não probabilística. Os resultados evidenciam uma reorganização social relevante desde a implantação do Centro Tecnológico de Aeronáutica - CTA, e do Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica – ITA, na década de 1950, coincidindo com o ingresso de empresas multinacionais, atraídas pela localização, oferta de mão-de-obra qualificada e de incentivos fiscais. Desde então, a cidade tem experimentado um fluxo migratório intenso de profissionais, professores, estudantes civis e militares. O CTA e o ITA têm gerado alto nível de transbordamento do conhecimento tecnológico para as empresas dos setores aeroespacial, automobilístico e petroquímico. Com isso, houve um consistente desenvolvimento social e econômico. Não obstante, as pequenas e médias empresas de base tecnológica são dependentes das empresas motrizes locais, resultando em estágios incipientes de internacionalização.

Paralelização de métodos de resolução de sistemas lineares esparsos com o DECK em um Cluster de PCs

O objetivo desta dissertação é a paralelização e a avaliação do desempenho de alguns métodos de resolução de sistemas lineares esparsos. O DECK foi utilizado para implementação dos métodos em um cluster de PCs. A presente pesquisa é motivada pela vasta utilização de Sistemas de Equações Lineares em várias áreas científicas, especialmente, na modelagem de fenômenos físicos através de Equações Diferenciais Parciais (EDPs). Nessa área, têm sido desenvolvidas pesquisas pelo GMC-PAD – Grupo de Matemática da Computação e Processamento de Alto Desempenho da UFRGS, para as quais esse trabalho vem contribuindo. Outro fator de motivação para a realização dessa pesquisa é a disponibilidade de um cluster de PCs no Instituto de Informática e do ambiente de programação paralela DECK – Distributed Execution and Communication Kernel. O DECK possibilita a programação em ambientes paralelos com memória distribuída e/ou compartilhada. Ele está sendo desenvolvido pelo grupo de pesquisas GPPD – Grupo de Processamento Paralelo e Distribuído e com a paralelização dos métodos, nesse ambiente, objetiva-se também validar seu funcionamento e avaliar seu potencial e seu desempenho. Os sistemas lineares originados pela discretização de EDPs têm, em geral, como características a esparsidade e a numerosa quantidade de incógnitas. Devido ao porte dos sistemas, para a resolução é necessária grande quantidade de memória e velocidade de processamento, característicos de computações de alto desempenho. Dois métodos de resolução foram estudados e paralelizados, um da classe dos métodos diretos, o Algoritmo de Thomas e outro da classe dos iterativos, o Gradiente Conjugado. A forma de paralelizar um método é completamente diferente do outro. Isso porque o método iterativo é formado por operações básicas de álgebra linear, e o método direto é formado por operações elementares entre linhas e colunas da matriz dos coeficientes do sistema linear. Isso permitiu a investigação e experimentação de formas distintas de paralelismo. Do método do Gradiente Conjugado, foram feitas a versão sem précondicionamento e versões pré-condicionadas com o pré-condicionador Diagonal e com o pré-condicionador Polinomial. Do Algoritmo de Thomas, devido a sua formulação, somente a versão básica foi feita. Após a paralelização dos métodos de resolução, avaliou-se o desempenho dos algoritmos paralelos no cluster, através da realização de medidas do tempo de execução e foram calculados o speedup e a eficiência. As medidas empíricas foram realizadas com variações na ordem dos sistemas resolvidos e no número de nodos utilizados do cluster. Essa avaliação também envolveu a comparação entre as complexidades dos algoritmos seqüenciais e a complexidade dos algoritmos paralelos dos métodos. Esta pesquisa demonstra o desempenho de métodos de resolução de sistemas lineares esparsos em um ambiente de alto desempenho, bem como as potencialidades do DECK. Aplicações que envolvam a resolução desses sistemas podem ser realizadas no cluster, a partir do que já foi desenvolvido, bem como, a investigação de précondicionadores, comparação do desempenho com outros métodos de resolução e paralelização dos métodos com outras ferramentas possibilitando uma melhor avaliação do DECK.