993 resultados para cinema e crítica social


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The thesis reconstructs the cinema’s experience of Italian missionaries during the XX century in a historical-pragmatic key. Italian missionaries, who started producing movies around the Twenties, have used cinema as a helpful instrument for religious propaganda. They have considered the rules of the Catholic Church, the political and social context and the audience’s expectations. Each chapter (1-4) analyses the phenomenon inside the context constituted by the Italian colonial experiences, the relationship between Catholic Church and images during the Evangelization, the history of cinema and the history of missions. A specific chapter (chapter 5) is dedicated to the archives of missionary’s cinema and to the value to be assigned to this film production (in terms of social memory and archive’s memory). At the end of the first part, the thesis presents a proposal about the relationship between missionary’s cinema and visual anthropology. The second part of the thesis includes the film cards of the missionary’s movies preserved in Italy: 339 cards of Italian movies and 149 cards of foreign movies placed in different archives and bureaus.

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The doctoral research project "Audiovisuals and Social Networks: Text and Experiences 2007-2010" is mainly based on the analysis of the international audiovisuals landscape and of the promotional strategies of these products in Social Networks environment. The aim is to understand what kind of changes we can find about the concept of "text", users and marketing. The thesis is focused not just on Social Network marketing but also on new media development, such as Social TV and mobile.

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Studio storiografico condotto su fonti archivistiche, filmiche e sulla stampa locale e specializzata che ricostruisce dettagliatamente l'ambiente cittadino d'inizio Novecento nel quale si sono diffusi i primi spettacoli cinematografici, determinandone le caratteristiche e tracciandone l'evoluzione fra 1896 e 1925. L'avvento della cinematografia è strettamente connesso a un processo di modernizzazione del volto urbano, degli stili di vita, delle idee e il cinema si salda a queste istanze di rinnovamento, con una precisa ricaduta sull'immagine della città e sull'esperienza dei suoi cittadini appartenenti alle diverse classi sociali.

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The project aimed to analyse representations of motherhood in Polish cinema as a special case of a more general system within the representation of women. It concentrated on the image of the Polish Mother created during the 19th century in Polish culture under the influence of specific political, social and religious factors. Ms. Ostrowska's initial hypothesis was that this symbolic image became one of the most stable elements in Polish cinema and as her research revealed, it was valuable for the preservation of national identity but nevertheless a fiercely constraining model for Polish femininity. In order to fully understand the nature of this persistent image it was initially necessary to related it to broader contexts and issues in representation. These included the image of the Polish Mother within general mythological structures (using the notion of myth in the Barthesian sense). Following her initial research Ms. Ostrowska felt that it was most appropriate to view the myth of the Polish Mother as a dominant ideological structure in the discourse of motherhood within Polish culture. An analysis of the myth of the Polish Mother can provide an insight into how Polish society sees itself at different periods in time and how a national identity was constructed in relation to particular ideological demands stemming from concrete historical and political situations. The analysis of the film version of this myth also revealed some aspects of the national character of Polish cinema. There the image of woman has become enshrined as the "eternal feminine", with virtues which are inevitably derived directly from Catholicism, particularly in relation to the networks of meanings around the central figure of Mary, Mother of God. In 19th century Poland these were linked with patriotic values and images of woman became part of the defence of the very idea of Poland and Polishness. After World War Two, this religious-political image system was adapted to the demands of the new communist ideology. The possibility of manipulating the ideological dimensions of the myth of the Polish Mother is due to the very nature of the image, which as a symbol of civil religion had been able to function independently of any particular state or church institution. Although in communist ideology the stress was on the patriotic aspect of the myth, its pronounced religious aspect was also transmitted, consciously or not, in the denotation process, this being of great significance in the viewer's response to the female character. This appropriation of elements derived from the national patriotic tradition into the discourse of communist ideology was a very efficient strategy to establish the illusion of continuity in national existence, which was supposed to convince society of the rightness of the new political situation. The analysis of films made in the post-war period showed the persistence of this discourse on motherhood in a range of cinematic texts regardless of the changing political situation. Ms. Ostrowska claims that the stability of this discursive formation is to a certain extent the result of the mythological aspect of the mother figure. This mythological structure also belongs to the ideology of Romanticism which in general continues to prevail in Polish cultural discourse as a meta-language of national community. The analysis of the films confirmed the hypothesis of the Polish Mother as a myth-sign whose signifier is stable whereas the signified depends on the specific historical conditions in which it is set. Therefore in the famous propaganda documentary Kobiety naszych dni (Women of Our Days, 1951) by Jan Zelnik, and in other films made after the October 1956 "thaw" it functions as an "empty sign. She concludes that it would be difficult to deny that the myth of the Polish Mother has offered Polish women a special role in national life, granting them a high moral position in the social, hierarchy. However the processes of idealisation involved have resulted in a deprivation of her subjectivity and the right to decide about her own life. This idealisation also served to strengthen traditional patriarchal structures through this set of female obligations to the mother land. In Polish ideology it is not a man who demands sacrifice from a woman but the motherland, which, deprived of the institutions of male power for nearly 150 years, had functioned as a feminine structure. That is why oppressive aspects of the myth have been obscured for so long. While Polish women were doubtless able to accept the constrictions because of their sense of national duty and any misgivings were overridden by the argument of the cause, it is important to recognise that the strength of these constructions, compounded by the ways in which they spoke of and continue to speak of a certain perfection, make them persist into contemporary Poland. Poland is however no longer embattled and the signs that made these meanings are potentially empty. This space for meaning will be and is already being contested and increasingly colonised by current western models of femininity. Ms. Ostrowska's final question is whether this will help to prevent a possible resentful victimisation of the silent and noble Polish Mother.

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Desde su aparición en la década de 1990, el concepto de interculturalidad ha ido penetrando en diversos campos a lo largo de toda América Latina. El auge del término se refleja en la recurrencia con que es mencionado en proyectos de investigación, postgrados, programas de planificación y desarrollo social, así como en la incorporación al discurso de varias disciplinas sociales y médicas. Agencias internacionales, ONGs y funcionarios públicos de diversos países se apoyan en este concepto para fundamentar el desarrollo de políticas de variados alcances y objetivos.

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Para entender la relación entre religión y política en Argentina, necesario reconocer las tendencias de justificación sagrada en los imaginarios religiosos. En este sentido, la legitimidad religiosa es construida sobre la crítica de la política neoliberal y sus consecuencias en la vida social (pobreza, exclusión, marginalidad). La presencia católica, las manifestaciones protestantes, y la crítica de otros grupos religiosos (por ejemplo, la crítica del rabino Alejandro Bloch) tienen en común una profunda objeción al neoliberalismo.

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El proyecto es prolongación de una experiencia de investigación colectiva, iniciada en 1998 y desarrollada en la Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la UNCuyo, y, en este sentido, aspira a consolidar un equipo de trabajo ya formado y a dar continuidad a una tarea en curso. El campo disciplinar dentro del cual se plantea el presente plan es el correspondiente a la Historia de las ideas latinoamericanas, entendida como un ámbito del saber de índole interdisciplinaria, donde convergen preocupaciones y enfoques filosóficos, teórico-políticos, sociológicos, historiográficos, económicos y semiológicos. Dentro de ese campo nos proponemos abordar la producción teórica de Arturo Roig y Franz Hinkelammert, particularmente en lo que concierne a la articulación que proponen ambos entre la problemática ético-política de los derechos humanos, por una parte, y la crítica teórica del paradigma económico neo-liberal y de la configuración social deshumanizada del capitalismo global actual, por otra. El proyecto incorpora a un grupo de graduados recientes y de estudiantes como colaboradores porque destaca, dentro de los resultados que se espera obtener, la formación de recursos humanos y la transferencia de conocimientos y metodologías, propias de la actividad de investigación científica, a futuros investigadores. Finalmente, en términos de difusión de los alcances de la investigación, del trabajo programado resultará: la publicación de los resultados en revistas de la especialidad y su exposición en foros científicos, por una parte, y la construcción de un corpus textual y la realización de una serie de materiales pedagógicos, orientados a organización de actividades de transferencia dirigidas a sectores más amplios de estudiantes y graduados, por otra.

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La poesía de Armando Tejada Gómez (1929-1992) se destaca con perfiles nítidos en el desarrollo de las letras mendocínas correspondiente a la segunda mitad del siglo XX y constituye una faceta más de un interesante movimiento cultural no exclusivamente literario, que se conoce como la Generación del '50. En el presente artículos se analizan las fuerzas que juegan en el campo intelectual de mediados del siglo XX: el viraje a lo popular con la incorporación del coloquialismo y la asunción de los ritmos de la canción popular, la temática ciudadana, la preocupación social y el sentido americanista. Esta nueva estética, que ha recibido las denominaciones de realismo romántico (Freidemberg), de poesía existencial (César Fernández Moreno), de neohumanismo (José Isaacson), presenta además como rasgo saliente una gran libertad interior y exterior. Todas estas características se ponen de manifiesto en la poesía de Tejada Gómez. A ello hay que sumar también la libertad en el manejo de las convenciones literarias, la borradura de límites entre los géneros, por ejemplo, lírico y dramático, o la incorporación de las denominadas "formas populares" al registro de la lírica mal llamada "culta". En cuanto a la libertad métrica de la que también hace gala, viene a ser apenas una consecuencia técnica de aquella libertad de fondo ya aludida, que asume como objeto poético aun la trivialidad de lo cotidiano.

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El presente trabajo da cuenta de algunas proyecciones de Bertolt Brecht en el teatro europeo, latinoamericano, porteño y mendocino. Se indagan las relaciones con el sistema europeo para ver de qué modo las apropiaciones responden a adecuaciones de lo extranjero a nuestras necesidades, en un proceso de resemantización en que dicha poética se integra al sistema teatral latinoamericano y argentino. En esta evolución de las formas o historia interna, los cambios se explican en relación con el campo cultural, el contexto histórico y social y la captación de nuevos públicos. Se sintetizan los aportes bibliográficos más significativos así como la repercusión en la crítica periodística y los testimonios de los directores teatrales más importantes. Las diferentes épocas, delimitadas por etapas, están comprendidas entre 1960 y 2000.

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Fil: Pró, Diego F.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras

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El tema general de mi artículo refiere a lo que Axel Honneth denomina “sentimientos negativos" o de “agravio moral". Mi interés es dilucidar cómo estos sentimientos motivan diferentes tipos de reacción grupal: de resistencia, de conformidad, de vergüenza social. Asimismo, buscaré precisar si para Honneth puede afirmarse que exista una manipulación de los sentimientos negativos que propicie la consolidación de las prácticas de dominación. Si así fuera, el autor estaría revisando algunas reflexiones que hiciera en su libro Crítica del poder y que apuntaban en dirección a una nueva comprensión del dominio social.

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Fil: Vélez de Villa, Analía. Universidad Católica Argentina