Evaluation of the conventional surveying equipment applied to deformation analysis of heritage buildings. A case study: the bell tower of Santa María la Blanca church in Agoncillo (La Rioja, Spain)

Contributed to: "Measuring the Changes": 13th FIG International Symposium on Deformation Measurements and Analysis; 4th IAG Symposium on Geodesy for Geotechnical and Structural Enginering (Lisbon, Portugal, May 12-15, 2008).

土的卸载试验和在万家寨引水隧洞变形分析中的应用

万家寨引黄工程隧洞总干线~#7隧洞位于偏关县葛家山至水泉河间，总长约9.21km，其中土洞长2.685km，隧洞开挖直径6.012m，衬砌内径5.46m，衬砌厚0.25m，每环由4块六角形管片组成，管片与洞壁间用豆砾石灌浆回填。~#7隧洞部分穿过地质年代为第四纪（Q3）黄土，其颗粒组成和物理性质指标见表1，2。土名为黄土状粉土。为分析计算隧洞和管片在周围土体作用下，及在通水和放空情况下的应力和变形情况，对~#7土洞进行有限元分析。在确定的c,#phi#值时，分别取原状土进行了卸载、加载试验，并计算出邓肯－张模型中的k,n,R_f,G,F,D进行比较。文中还对用两种试验获得的模型参数进行有限元变形分析的结果进行比较。

Real-Time Measurement on Deformation Fields of Hole-Excavated Samples under Impact Tension

In this paper, the real-time deformation fields are observed in two different kinds of hole-excavated dog-bone samples loaded by an SHTB, including single hole sample and dual holes sample with the aperture size of 0.8mm. The testing system consists of a high-speed camera, a He-Ne laser, a frame grabber and a synchronization device with the controlling accuracy of I microsecond. Both the single hole expanding process and the interaction of the two holes are recorded with the time interval of 10 mu s. The observed images on the sample surface are analyzed by newly developed software based on digital correlation theory and a modified image processing method. The 2-D displacement fields in plane are obtained with a resolution of 50 mu m and an accuracy of 0.5 mu m. Experimental results obtained in this paper are proofed, by compared with FEM numerical simulations.