The knowledge and promotion of exercise to older adults with type 2 diabetes by dietitian diabetes educators

The extent to which Registered Dietitians (RD) promote exercise as part of diabetes self-management education to older diabetic adults has not been established. This study explored the exercise-related knowledge, design, and content of educational programs among RDs who were Certified Diabetes Educators (CDEs) and non-CDEs. The Exercise Teaching Questionnaire was completed by 94 CDEs and 73 non-CDEs in Florida, California, and Texas. ^ CDEs had significantly (p < 0.001) higher mean Knowledge, Design, and Content scores (11.8 ± 1.1, 33.5 ± 9.4, 26.9 ± 4.8, respectively) than non-CDEs (11.1 ± 1.6, 29.2 ± 11.1, 22.4 ± 7.4, respectively). However, Knowledge means for both CDEs and non-CDEs were above the 85 percentile. Design and content scale responses showed that while dietitians provided basic information about safety and benefits related to exercise, they frequently reported “never” or only “sometimes” making exercise recommendations. ^ Although these results suggest that RDs are knowledgeable about exercise for older adults with Type 2 diabetes, greater importance should be made on training RDs to promote exercise, perhaps with an emphasis on a comprehensive team approach. ^

Sales Promotion in Hotels:A British Perspective

In their article - Sales Promotion In Hotels: A British Perspective - by Francis Buttle, Lecturer, Department of Hotel, Restaurant, and Travel Administration, University of Massachusetts and Ini Akpabio, Property Manager, Trusthouse Forte, Britain, Buttle and Akpabio initially state: “Sales promotion in hotels is in its infancy. Other industries, particularly consumer goods manufacturing, have long recognized the contribution that sales promotion can make to the cost-effective achievement of marketing objectives. Sales promotion activities in hotels have remained largely uncharted. The authors define, identify and classify these hotel sales promotion activities to understand their function and form, and to highlight any scope for improvement.” The authors begin their discussion by attempting to define what the phrase sales promotion [SP] actually means. “The Institute of Sales Promotion regards sales promotions as “adding value, usually of a temporary nature, to a product or service in order to persuade the end user to purchase that particular brand as opposed to a competitive brand,” the authors offer. Williams, however, describes sales promotions more broadly as “short term tactical marketing tools which are used to achieve specific marketing objectives during a defined time period,” Buttle and Akpabio present with attribution. “The most significant difference between these two viewpoints is that Williams does not limit his definition to activities which are targeted at the consumer,” is their educated view. A lot of the discussion is centered on the differences in the collective marketing-promotional mix. “…it is not always easy to definitively categorize promotional activity,” Buttle and Akpabio say. “For example, in personal selling, a sales promotion such as a special bonus offer may be used to close the sale; an advertisement may be sales promotional in character in that it offers discounts.” Are promotion and marketing distinguishable as two separate entities? “…not only may there be conceptual confusion between components of the promotional mix, but there is sometimes a blurring of the boundaries between the elements of the marketing mix,” the authors suggest. “There are several reasons why SP is particularly suitable for use in hotels: seasonality, increasing competitiveness, asset characteristics, cost characteristics, increased use of channel intermediaries, new product launches, and deal proneness.” Buttle and Akpabio offer their insight on each of these segments. The authors also want you to know that SP customer applications are not the only game in town, SP trade applications are just as essential. Bonuses, enhanced commission rates, and vouchers are but a few examples of trade SP. The research for the article was compiled from several sources including, mail surveys, telephone surveys, personal interviews, trade magazines and newspapers; essentially in the U.K.

Democracy promotion and Turkey

The dissertation documented the degree of Turkey's involvement in the promotion of democracy in the Arab Middle East (ME). Initially, I investigated why and under what conditions Turkey promotes democracy in the ME, and then I explained strategies through which Turkey promotes democracy in the region. I applied the neo-classical realist theoretical framework and a mixed methodology in the research, and I provided evidence from two sources: face-to-face interviews with the Turkish and foreign officials and common citizens, and the statistical data from institutions, such as the OECD, Turkish Statistical Institute, and World Bank.^ My research indicates that Turkey promotes democracy through seven channels. These channels are official development assistance (ODA), mentoring, demonstrative effect, normative pressure, conditionality, military power, enlargement, and civil society organizations. Turkey promotes democracy in the ME for three substantial reasons: first, to advance its security and economic interests; second, to improve the political, social, and economic conditions of people living in the region; and third, to create long-term regional stability, crucial for cooperation in economic and security realms.^ I attempted to engage in debates with two distinct, but interrelated fields of comparative politics and international relations. My most important contribution to the field is that I documented Turkey's case of democracy promotion regarding the degree of Turkey's involvement in this endeavor, its strategies, specificities, and effectiveness in the region. I also contribute to the field as I explained the difference between democracy promotion policies of a regional power, such as Turkey, and global powers, such as the US. I further engaged in discussions that illuminate some aspects of the interplay between the identity and strategic interests in states' foreign policy decisions.^

Crossover promotion and prevention

Peer reviewed

Crossover promotion and prevention

Peer reviewed

Effets d’un programme de promotion de la vitalité cognitive sur la pratique d’activité physique d’ainés

Introduction : Plusieurs études ont démontré que la pratique d’activité physique (AP) peut avoir un impact sur la vitalité cognitive des ainés. Le programme Musclez vos Méninges encourage les participants à être davantage actif et a été conçu pour promouvoir la vitalité cognitive. Ce mémoire vise à explorer : 1) les effets du programme sur l’AP; 2) l’effet modérateur et médiateur de l’AP sur les impacts du programme sur la cognition; 3) la corrélation entre l’AP et certaines dimensions cognitives des participants à l’entrée dans l’étude. Méthodologie: Au total, 294 personnes âgées de 60 ans et plus, intéressées à participer à un programme de vitalité cognitive ont été recrutées. Elles ont été évaluées avec des tests cognitifs (MoCA, MIA, CVLT, RBMT, MMQ, Attention, Stroop) et des instruments sur l’AP (une version adaptée du CHAMPS et le test de marche de 2 minutes du SFT). Des corrélations ont été faites à l’entrée dans l’étude et des régressions multivariées ont été réalisées pour mesurer l’impact du programme et celui de l’AP. Résultats : La participation au programme est associée à une hausse de l’AP (p< 0,05). Les analyses n’indiquent cependant pas d’effet significatif (p< 0,05) modérateur ou médiateur. À l'entrée dans l'étude, les sujets les plus actifs présentent de meilleurs résultats pour le recours aux stratégies mnésiques (p< 0,05). Conclusion: Un programme multifactoriel, incluant la promotion de l’AP, peut modifier significativement l’engagement à être physiquement actif. Des études futures devront toutefois démontrer si la pratique d’AP peut avoir un effet modérateur ou médiateur sur la vitalité cognitive.

Profil d'offre et facteurs associés à la production de services de promotion et de soutien à l'allaitement maternel en CLSC

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Profil d'offre et facteurs associés à la production de services de promotion et de soutien à l'allaitement maternel en CLSC

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Professional development programs in health promotion : tools and processes to favor new practices

Developing innovative interventions that are in sync with a health promotion paradigm often represents a challenge for professionals working in local public health organizations. Thus, it is critical to have both professional development programs that favor new practices and tools to examine these practices. In this case study, we analyze the health promotion approach used in a pilot intervention addressing children’s vulnerability that was developed and carried out by participants enrolled in a public health professional development program. More specifically, we use a modified version of Guichard and Ridde’s (Une grille d’analyse des actions pour lutter contre les inégalités sociales de santé. In Potvin, L., Moquet, M.-J. and Jones, C. M. (eds), Réduire les Inégalités Sociales en Santé. INPES, Saint-Denis Cedex, pp. 297– 312, 2010) analytical grid to assess deductively the program participants’ use of health promotion practices in the analysis and planning, implementation, evaluation, sustainability and empowerment phases of the pilot intervention. We also seek evidence of practices involving (empowerment, participation, equity, holism, an ecological approach, intersectorality and sustainability) in the intervention. The results are mixed: our findings reveal evidence of the application of several dimensions of health promotion (equity, holism, an ecological approach, intersectorality and sustainability), but also a lack of integration of two key dimensions; that is, empowerment and participation, during various phases of the pilot intervention. These results show that the professional development program is associated with the adoption of a pilot intervention integrating multiple but not all dimensions of health promotion. We make recommendations to facilitate a more complete integration. This research also shows that the Guichard and Ridde grid proves to be a thorough instrument to document the practices of participants.

Media diversity as a guarantee to cultural diversity: the promotion of identities from an international law approach

This article deals with several international instruments which provide legal guarantees for media diversity, which is essential for the promotion of cultural diversity. Based on several articles of the Convention of cultural diversity, the General Comment of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights No. 21 on the right to take part in cultural life, as well as the work of the UN Independent Expert on Cultural Rights, this article aims to identify legal tools for the establishing of measures promoting cultural diversity in the media. This article looks at the case study of Honduran Garifuna community radios. It emphasizes the importance of taking into account the economic aspects of cultural and communicational rights.

Advertising Colonial Romance and Imperial Masculinity: The Promotion of Philip Meadows Taylor's Novels in Britain

The comments of Charles Kegan Paul, the Victorian publisher who was involved in publishing the novels of the nineteenth-century British-Indian author Philip Meadows Taylor as single volume reprints in the 1880s, are illuminating. They are indicative of the publisher's position with regard to publishing - that there was often no correlation between commercial success and the artistic merit of a work. According to Kegan Paul, a substandard or mediocre text would be commercially successful as long it met a perceived want on the part of the public. In effect, the ruminations of the publisher suggests that a firm desirous of acquiring commercial success for a work should be an astute judge of the pre-existing wants of consumers within the market. Yet Theodor Adorno, writing in the mid-twentieth century, offers an entirely distinctive perspective to Kegan Paul's observations, arguing that there is nothing foreordained about consumer demand for certain cultural tropes or productions. They in fact are driven by an industry that preempts and conditions the possible reactions of the consumer. Both Kegan Paul's and Adorno's insights are illuminating when it comes to addressing the key issues explored in this essay. Kegan Paul's comments allude to the ways in which the publisher's promotion of Philip Meadows Taylor's fictional depictions of India and its peoples were to a large extent driven in the mid- to late-nineteenth century by their expectations of what metropolitan readers desired at any given time, whereas Adorno's insights reveal the ways in which British-Indian narratives and the public identity of their authors were not assured in advance, but were, to a large extent, engineered by the publishing industry and the literary marketplace.

Étude comparative de deux clientèles relativement à leurs attentes et à leurs perceptions de la performance d’entreprises membres d’un organisme de promotion gourmand

Les organismes de promotion gourmands sont bien implantés au Québec. En effet, à l’aide des regroupements de producteurs locaux, la majorité des régions touristiques possèdent leur marque de commerce régionale gourmande favorisant le développement économique des régions du Québec. Sachant que ces organismes de promotions gourmands sont de propriété collective et qu’ils disposent tous d’un cahier de charges pouvant être plus ou moins exigeant d’une région à l’autre, une recension des écrits a permis d’établir les principales attentes qu’entretiennent les divers segments de marché (i.e., clientèle locale, clientèle touristique, clientèle originaire de la région promotionnelle de l’organisme et clientèle non originaire de la région promotionnelle de l’organisme) envers ceux-ci. L’objectif est de vérifier si ces divers types de clientèles entretiennent des attentes différentes vis-à-vis les entreprises membres d’un organisme de promotion gourmand, en plus d’analyser si ces diverses clientèles évaluent la performance des entreprises membres de Gaspésie Gourmande de la même manière. Un questionnaire a été mis à la disposition des répondants sur le site internent de Gaspésie Gourmande. Les résultats indiquent qu’il y a quelques différences entre ces divers types de clientèles quant aux variables étudiées. De plus, une analyse des écarts « performances perçues – attentes » selon la méthodologie du paradigme de confirmation / disconfirmation des attentes a permis de savoir si Gaspésie Gourmande répond aux attentes des divers segments de marché.

Les technologies de l'information et de la télécommunication (TIC) pour la promotion de la santé sexuelle et reproductive (SSR) au sein des jeunes des Premières Nations du Québec : faisabilité et pistes d'intervention

La répartition des taux de prévalence des infections transmissibles sexuellement et par le sang (ITSS) et du VIH/SIDA au Canada présente de grandes inégalités entre les différents groupes socioculturels. Les Autochtones font partie des populations qui en payent le plus lourd tribut. Par rapport à cette situation, le plan directeur 2007-2017 de la commission de la santé et des services sociaux des Premières Nations du Québec et du Labrador (CSSSPNQL) identifie clairement le VIH/SIDA comme une problématique prioritaire de santé. La stratégie autochtone sur le VIH/SIDA estime que pour être efficaces, les interventions visant la prévention du VIH/SIDA doivent cibler divers groupes, au nombre desquels la jeunesse autochtone est une cible particulière. En ce sens, la familiarité des jeunes générations avec la technologie positionne l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) comme une avenue fortement prometteuse dans le domaine de la prévention du VIH/SIDA chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes. Nous avons réalisé une synthèse des connaissances dans ce domaine novateur suivant une méthodologie suggérée par la Collaboration Cochrane dans le but de documenter l’efficacité et les facteurs d’adoption des interventions utilisant les TIC pour la prévention des ITSS/VIH/SIDA et la promotion de la santé sexuelle et reproductive auprès des adolescents et jeunes adultes. Les résultats de cette revue systématique ont permis d’élaborer et de mener, en partenariat avec la CSSSPNQL, un projet de recherche visant à évaluer la faisabilité de telles interventions au sein des adolescents et jeunes adultes de communautés des Premières Nations (PN) du Québec. En complément à cette étude de faisabilité et dans le but de formuler des recommandations en vue de la conception d’interventions utilisant les TIC et fondées autant sur les données probantes que sur les réalités des jeunes des PN, nous avons entrepris une dernière étude visant à identifier les facteurs sous-jacents du port du condom chez les 13-18 ans de communautés des Premières Nations du Québec. Nous avons discuté, dans la présente thèse, les résultats de ces études ainsi que divers enjeux du partenariat de recherche avec les parties prenantes des PN ayant participé à notre projet. Les implications pratiques de nos résultats, en matière de recherche et d’intervention, sont à discuter avec notre principale partenaire, la CSSSPNQL, afin d’en optimiser les retombées pour les populations des PN.

Future Earnings Growth Volatility and the Value Premium

The value premium is well established in empirical asset pricing, but to date there is little understanding as to its fundamental drivers. We use a stochastic earnings valuation model to establish a direct link between the volatility of future earnings growth and firm value. We illustrate that risky earnings growth affects growth and value firms differently. We provide empirical evidence that the volatility of future earnings growth is a significant determinant of the value premium. Using data on individual firms and characteristic-sorted test portfolios, we also find that earnings growth volatility is significant in explaining the cross-sectional variation of stock returns. Our findings imply that the value premium is the rational consequence of accounting for risky earnings growth in the firm valuation process.