954 resultados para Pesquisa espacial, Brasil
Resumo:
O trabalho contempla a interpretação e quantificação das relações entre a alocação da demanda e da oferta de equipamentos de ensino em um sistema local, instrumentado a partir de modelo de oportunidade espacial. Avalia o desempenho de equipamentos escolares baseado na descrição detalhada da configuração espacial e abordagem probabilística para a escolha do usuário em potencial. Constitui objetivo principal medir o desempenho de equipamentos escolares, considerando a configuração espacial urbana, a demanda qualificada representada pelos diversos usuários em potencial e a distribuição dos equipamentos na cidade, verificando a possibilidade teórica de avaliar a qualidade do serviço em função de sua localização, utilizando como variáveis a acessibilidade, a eficiência e equidade espacial. Neste sentido, o método adotado compreende a introdução de variáveis físicas, sociais e econômicas associadas a modelos configuracionais para análise entre as diferentes medidas, adaptado a partir do conceito de oportunidade espacial. Utiliza a medida de Convergência Espacial, definida como uma particularidade do conceito de Centralidade Espacial Os resultados esperados, tendo em vista os propósitos da pesquisa, deverão conduzir a verificação das seguintes hipóteses: a) Do ponto de vista do sistema educacional e habitacional existente, a avaliação do desempenho do sistema escolar pode ser obtida considerando uma combinação de variáveis locais (tipo de demanda e tipo/tamanho de oferta de escolas) e variáveis globais (posição relativa no espaço); b) Do ponto de vista das políticas públicas, a avaliação de impactos de novos equipamentos/serviços de educação pode ser simulada através da medida de Convergência Urbana, desta vez considerando localizações prováveis; A utilização dos modelos propostos neste estudo resultaria da manipulação de variáveis de oferta de serviços de ensino através da computação e associação de dados para cada caso em particular obter-se-ia atributo ao qual estariam relacionadas a eficiência do equipamento, além dos fatores de tamanho, tipo e localização e de variáveis de demanda. Apresentado como instrumento de suporte à decisão a convergência espacial dá avaliação sistemática de situações urbanas, bem como uma performance esperada de situações virtuais do ponto de vista da distribuição de facilidades urbanas em relação a áreas residenciais.
Resumo:
The purpose of this dissertation is to identify the main historical and institutional facts that have led to the present corporate governance policy adopted by Banco do Brasil S.A. (BB). The good practices of corporate governance aim to increase corporate value and facilitate the funding of capital and contribute to company¿s duration over the time. Besides, ensure to the shareholders some governance principles such as disclosure", "compliance", "accountability", "fairness" and ¿corporate responsability¿ By the time BB has been shown its concern about disclosure especially for its close relationship with principal shareholder. ¿ the Brazilian Government, other equity partners and the Brazilian society. Banco do Brasil was founded in 1808 by the Portuguese emperor Dom João VI and today is the oldest bank operating in the local market. BB also was the first company listed on Brazilian stock exchange since 1906. In 1996, after some net losses, the Brazilian Government raised the bank¿s authorized capital in R$ 8 billion. This fact established the first attempts to develop bank¿s corporate governance through the years. Banco do Brasil currently has more than 24.4 million customers, served by a network of 15,113 points of service with R$ 296.4 billion in total assets2. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the principal measures adopted by Banco do Brasil to reach the top level of corporate governance in the Brazilian stock exchange ¿ the New Market of Bovespa. This top position was reached in June 2006. Banco do Brasil was the first state owned company to reach this level of governance in Brazil. This dissertation was based on Yin's taxonomy methodology as a single case study. This research has used documents and file records as sources of evidence, including longitudinally research to demonstrate the evolution facts through time."
Resumo:
This research was commenced with the idea to promote an strategic evaluation of the sustentability of the free Internet access, analysing its process of value creation, its sources of revenue generation, its business models development as well as its capacity to generate adequated returns to the investors. It was concluded that the free Internet access is not dead. Indeed, what has occoured was a migration from a model completely based on delivering a single service, generally dependent of publicity sells revenues, to a hibrid based business model with different types of services and with revenues been generated from multiple sources. Nevertheless, not all players were capable to evolute their business models and survive, what occasioned a huge number of fails, mergers and acquisitions, resulting in a concentration all over the segment.
Resumo:
This dissertation seeks to recognize the impacts that outsourcing of the call center brings to firms of electrical energy in Brazil. For this research, two existing cases in the brazilian sector electric: i) case of Cemig, firm mineira of electrical energy; ii) case Light, firm carioca of electrical energy. The framework of this dissertation is based of the methodology of multiple study cases described by Robert Yin (2003). This work analyzed separately each of the cases and compared the results obtained in each analysis. In this way, this research aimed at analyzing the impacts that firms sufering in outsource the call center, despite the citys are diferents, like the factors of the environment. The obtained results suggest that the firms adopt the mixed call center, with the greatest part of outsources employees and with less proper. The importants impacts seeks in this research are the lost of the image, quality and the control of the process of answering. The aim impacts of a outsourcing the call center find in this research are the lost of the image of the firm and the reduction of the control of the process of customer service, impacting directly on the quality of the customer service.
Resumo:
Esta dissertação procurou identificar as diretrizes de supervisão dos mercados futuros no Brasil frente às práticas de regulação utilizadas em outros países do mundo, basicamente aqueles cujas economias e mercados são maiores do que o brasileiro, em volume de contratos negociados. O desenvolvimento do tema se deu de maneira a estimular o uso de tais práticas na estrutura local de supervisão, com vistas a uma melhoria da atividade dos órgãos reguladores e ao crescimento do mercado de capitais brasileiro. Dentre as referidas práticas, destacou-se a utilização de modelos estatísticos de precificação dos contratos negociados no sentido de balizar a atuação dos departamentos de fiscalização na investigação de condições artificiais de mercado. A abordagem desses modelos abrangeu desde a definição de conceitos fundamentais até a apresentação de um estudo de caso com opções sobre ações, passando pela caracterização dos principais modelos e formas de calcular a volatilidade no preço desses títulos. Os resultados de pesquisa foram relacionados às origens legais e ao desenvolvimento econômico recente do Brasil, que levaram à sofisticação dos mecanismos de financiamento do mercado de capitais nacional, não se limitando ao simples apontamento dos pontos fracos da estrutura local de supervisão. Finalmente, a pesquisa evoluiu para as necessidades práticas da atividade de supervisão a serem atendidas pelo regulador, segundo as características operacionais dos principais mercados, a fim de que a bolsa de futuros brasileira reforce sua posição competitiva no cenário mundial.
Resumo:
As atividades de exploração e produção de petróleo e gás no Brasil têm se tornado mais intensas ao longo desta última década, apresentando uma tendência de avanço em direção a ambientes de maior profundidade, onde se localizam grande parte das reservas de óleo já comprovadas. Os processos de exploração e produção de petróleo e gás apresentam muitas etapas com considerável potencial gerador de impactos ao meio ambiente, entre elas, a perfuração de poços exploratórios marítimos, objeto do presente estudo. Este estudo originou-se do Projeto MAPEM – Monitoramento Ambiental em Atividades de Perfuração Exploratória Marítima (Águas Profundas), do qual foram utilizados os dados analisados nesta dissertação. O monitoramento foi realizado visando avaliar os efeitos da perfuração do poço Eagle, localizado em talude continental, região norte da Bacia de Campos, Brasil, próximo ao limite entre os estados do Rio de Janeiro e Espírito Santo, a 902 metros de profundidade. Foram coletadas amostras de sedimentos superficiais na região de entorno da atividade, em 48 estações de monitoramento e 6 estações de controle, durante os cruzeiros oceanográficos realizados um mês antes, um mês após e um ano após a perfuração. As análises dos sedimentos geraram informações sobre sua composição granulométrica, mineralógica (argilominerais e carbonato de cálcio) e química (hidrocarbonetos e metais), e foram comparadas em sua variação espacial (área de monitoramento/estações de controle) e temporal (3 cruzeiros oceanográficos). A variação temporal foi abordada de três maneiras distintas, onde o Cruzeiro I representou o background da área, a variação do Cruzeiro I para o II representou o impacto sobre a área de monitoramento e na variação do Cruzeiro II para o III, buscou-se evidências de recuperação da área monitorada com tendência de retorno às suas características iniciais O background da área definiu os níveis médios de todas variáveis analisadas, identificando, além de teores naturais para alguns dos componentes dos sedimentos, sinais de contaminação de origem antrópica, principalmente de As, Pb e hidrocarbonetos petrogênicos (n-alcanos) e pirogênicos (aromáticos). Na perfuração do poço Eagle foi utilizado fluido de base aquosa (FBA) e fluido de base sintética (FBS), dos quais se buscou identificar as áreas de influência e as alterações causadas nos sedimentos. Identificou-se a ocorrência de um fluxo gravitacional de massa, no período entre o Cruzeiro I e a perfuração, restrito ao cânion submarino que cruza a área de monitoramento, do qual também foi avaliada a influência sobre a composição dos sedimentos. A influência do FBA (indicada pelos teores de bário) estendeu-se por uma grande área, apresentando maiores concentrações nas estações próximas do poço. A área de influência do FBS (indicada pelos n-alcanos entre C14 e C22) apresentou distribuição mais restrita, em duas manchas, uma a norte e outra a oeste do poço. Além dos n-alcanos, foi identificado aumento dos teores de bário, UCM (mistura complexa não resolvida), fluoreno e acenaftaleno. O fluxo gravitacional de massa causou elevações na proporção de areia das estações do cânion submarino e redução do carbono orgânico. Efetivamente pode se concluir que a atividade de perfuração exerceu influência significativa nas propriedades químicas dos sedimentos, contudo, de improvável efeito tóxico sobre a biota. Pode-se concluir também que ocorreu recuperação da área, após o período de um ano, por redução das concentrações médias de algumas variáveis e sinais de reposição de n-alcanos naturais, porém não foi possível a identificação de degradação do material sintético utilizado no FBS.
Resumo:
REPETRO, the special tax regime for importing and exporting goods for the exploration and drilling of oil and gas, aims at bringing foreign assets to Brazil enjoying a suspension or even an exemption of taxes, so that Brazilian industry may profit from about 8 billion American dollars in investments. The creation of normative devices as well as the management of the REPETRO model are under the exclusive responsibility of the Brazilian Internal Revenue Services. REPETRO was created in 1999 and is composed of the following customs treatments: importation of goods with suspension of taxes by use of the drawback special regime, suspension mode for national exporting industry; exportation with fictitious exit for the national industry; temporary admission of goods or assets used in oil exploration and production, attending to the needs of both the national and foreign market. Considering the inability of the Brazilian government in restructuring its foreign trade model so that a strong investment in technology could provide for the sector¿s needs, we must ask how we can change REPETRO to help the various companies in the oil business? The issue is very important for one of our main economic activities, though not enough studied. The energy sector has a strategic importance for the development and the economic independence of any country. The winds of globalization lead Brazil to open its economy in the last decade and the national policy for exploration and drilling (E&D) was altered. The government created a new agency dedicated to market control and energy policies, the National Agency for Oil and Biofuels (ANP). With the opening of the market, Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras, the Brazilian giant, lost the monopoly of the oil business. The P-50 Platform, with a capacity for 180,000 barrels per day, was imported based on REPETRO. When it began operating on April 21st, 2006, Brazil achieved self-sufficiency in oil production. The present work intends to estimate the main variables affecting the importation and exportation of goods and assets for E&D, showing how REPETRO works. We also intend to look at the results yielded by the REPETRO model for the development of the production of oil and gas in Brazil, as well as show proposals for its modernization. It has been established that even though since its implementation the REPETRO model has brought fiscal advantages through the reduction of tax costs relating to foreign commerce operations and the incentive of investments in the E&D area with the increase in the national oil production there remain the following limitations: lack of preparation and of knowledge of the model; lack of adjustement of the model to the reality of actitity of E&D of oil and gas; taxes over the pre-operational stage or investment in oil production stage; non-allowance of full access by the national industry to the supply of goods and products relating to the industrialization of goods allowed by REPETRO; other fiscal and administrative difficulties. We conclude that the REPETRO model is important for the development of the area of E&D of oil and gas, but not completely effective. It is necessary to change it or create a new model based on a new perspective of the customs treatment of the activities of exploration and production, minimizing administrative procedures relating to the operations of exportation and importation.
Resumo:
This dissertation seeks to add new evidence to the international debate on globalization of innovation in the developing countries context. Globalization of innovation, in this dissertation, is defined and measured by the types, levels and rate of innovative technological capability accumulation and the underlying technological learning processes (sources of capabilities) at the firm level in late-industrializing countries ¿ or developing countries. This relationship is examined within a large transnational corporation (TNC) subsidiary of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Brasil: Motorola do Brasil during over the period from 1996 to 2006. In the international literature there is a strong debate on the extent to which innovative technological capabilities have been spreading internationally. But, the most of the studies are focused on early industrialized countries. In other words, there is still a scarcity of analysis, mainly at the firm level, from the perspective of developing countries. This dissertation supports itself in analytical basis developed in the international literature on accumulation of technological capabilities and learning in the context of developing countries. The learning processes examined in this dissertation are: (i) intra-firm learning processes; (ii) inter-firm learning processes (links between mother and sister companies); and (iii) links between the firm and other organizations of the innovation system (universities, research institutes, among others). Based on first-hand empirical evidence, qualitative and quantitative, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this dissertation examines these issues with adequate level of detail and depth, in this large company in Brazil. The study results suggest that: Concerning the path of the technological capability accumulation, the firm exhibited heterogeneity in the path of accumulation of technological capabilities to distinct functions. For the functions Software Engineering and Process and Management Project the firm reached the Level 6 (Innovative Intermediate Superior), on a scale that ranges from 1 to 7; In relation to technological capability sources, the firm deliberately sought and built sources of knowledge in order to develop and sustain its innovative technological capabilities. The dissertation, thus, contributes to adding new empirical evidence to the debate on globalization of innovative capabilities from a late-industrializing perspective.
Resumo:
Over the last 40 years there has been a profusion of studies about the ccumulation of technological capacities in firms from developing economies. However, there remain few studies that examine, on a combined basis, the relationship among: the trajectories of technological capacities accumulation; the underlying learning mechanisms; and, the implications of organizational factors for these two variables. Still scarcer are the studies that examine the relationship among these variables along time and based on a comparative case study. This dissertation examines the relationship among the trajectory of accumulation of innovative capacities in complex project management, the learning mechanisms underlying these technological capacities and the intra-organizational factors that influence these learning echanisms. That set of relationships is examined through a comparative and a long-term (1988-2008) case study in a capital goods firm (for the pulp and paper industry) and a pulp mill in Brazil. Based on first-hand quantitative and qualitative empiric evidence, gathered through extensive field research, this dissertation found: 1. Both firms accumulated innovative capacity in project management at the international frontier level (Level 6). However, there was variability between the firms in terms of the nature and speed of accumulation of those capacities. It was also observed that, at this level of innovation, the innovative capacities of both firms are not confined to their organizational boundaries, but they are distributed beyond their boundaries. 2. So that these companies could accumulate those levels of innovative capacities it was necessary to manage several learning mechanisms: leveraging of external knowledge and its internalization in terms of internal apacities of the firm. In other words, as the companies accumulated more innovative levels of capacities for project management, it was necessary to manage different cycles of technological learning. 3. Further, the relationship between the ccumulation of technological capacities and learning was affected positively by intra-organizational factors, such as 'authority disposition', 'mutability of work roles' and 'intensity of internal crises', and negatively by the factor 'singularity of goals'. This dissertation revealed divergent results between firms in two of the four factors studied. These results contribute to advance our understanding of the complexity and variability involved in the process of accumulation of innovative capacities in firms from developing economies. This highlights the growing importance of the organizational and the human resource dimensions of innovation and technological capacity as the company approaches the international frontier. The results suggest to managers that: (i) the good performance in project management in the two firms studied did not occur simply as a result of the pulp and paper Brazilian industry growth, rather as a result of the deliberate construction and accumulation of the capacities through an intensive and coordinated cyclical process of technological learning, (ii) to develop innovative capabilities in project management, besides looking for learning mechanisms they should also look at the organizational factors that influence the learning mechanisms directly, (iii) performance of pulp mill¿s projects is better when projects are implemented together with technology suppliers than when performed only by the mill. This dissertation concludes that capital goods firms have been having a fundamental role for the innovative capabilities accumulation in project management of pulp mills in Brazil (and vice-versa) for a long time. This contradicts some authors' propositions that affirm that: a) equipment suppliers for the pulp and paper industry have been creating little, if any, development of processes or engineering projects in Brazil; b) firms in the pulp and paper industry have little capacity for machinery and equipments projects only taking place in few technological activities, being internal or external to the firm. Finally, some studies are proposed for future research.
Resumo:
The scenario, in which the Brazilian food industry is inserted, aims at the need of an organizational concept review leading to great changes in order to be truly prepared to compete in an insipient growth environment, with attentive consumers and strong buyers. Parmalat-Brazil is restructuring itself in a project called Internal Efficiency Project, so as to compete in this environment. The aim of this work is to define the planning of Parmalat's Salesmen Training in order to guarantee the suitability of these resources to the new format of the business in Brazil, aligned with this project. By understanding the identity of the organization, competences necessary to the execution of the salesman function were defined, and a research and study was done to comprehend the competence level, which exists in this team. A training plan was proposed to cover the lacuna between the necessary competences and the existing ones.
Resumo:
The dissertation aimed to analyze how is possible to minimize conflicts that arise during a negotiation between Chinese and Brazilians using the Jeswald Salacuse's model of cultural for as the mapping of potential outbreaks of conflict. It was considered necessary for this mapping to review the profile of the Chinese negotiator. This review took place through the completion of qualitative research to sixteen with Brazilian professionals from companies who trade with China. Through research could indicate which are the largest outbreaks of conflict in negotiating and pointing recommendations on how to avoid the appearance of these. At the end of this research were unable to verify that there were differences between the profile of Chinese negotiator pointed out in search of Salacuse and research conducted in this dissertation as well as make some recommendations for the Brazilian negotiators minimize the conflicts encountered when dealing with the new Chinese negotiator.
Resumo:
o objetivo desta dissertação é analisar como se configuram as funções '< administrativas de planejamento, organização, direção e controle, nas equipes funcionais em nível operacional do Banco Central do Brasil, em função do grau de racionalidade comunicativa I. que referencia a ação gerencial. A partir dos conceitos de processo administrativo e de suas funções integrantes, decorrentes da teoria clássica da administração, a ação gerencial é analisada à luz da epistemologia crítica, particularmente quanto aos conceitos de racionalidade comunicativa e das categorias de ação social. A pesquisa classifica-se como explicativa quanto aos fins e utiliza-se do método de estudo de caso, pois a análise é ambientada nas equipes de trabalho em nível operacional do Banco Central do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de aplicação de questionário junto aos servidores da instituição que trabalham nos componentes administrativos denominados "Coordenadorias". A partir desses dados foi possível a validação", das escalas e das correlações estabelecidas entre os construtos integrantes do modelo de pesquisa. Os resultados obtidos permitiram confirmar e discutir a hipótese principal do presente estudo de que a racionalidade comunicativa é preditora dos atributos das funções administrativas de planejamento, organização, direção e controle nas equipes funcionais em nível operacional do Banco Central.
Resumo:
This dissertation seeks to add new evidence to the international debate on globalization of innovation in the developing countries context. Globalization of innovation, in this dissertation, is defined and measured by the types, levels and rate of innovative technological capability accumulation and the underlying technological learning processes (sources of capabilities) at the firm level in late-industrializing countries ¿ or developing countries. This relationship is examined within a large transnational corporation (TNC) subsidiary of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Brasil: Motorola do Brasil during over the period from 1996 to 2006. In the international literature there is a strong debate on the extent to which innovative technological capabilities have been spreading internationally. But, the most of the studies are focused on early industrialized countries. In other words, there is still a scarcity of analysis, mainly at the firm level, from the perspective of developing countries. This dissertation supports itself in analytical basis developed in the international literature on accumulation of technological capabilities and learning in the context of developing countries. The learning processes examined in this dissertation are: (i) intra-firm learning processes; (ii) inter-firm learning processes (links between mother and sister companies); and (iii) links between the firm and other organizations of the innovation system (universities, research institutes, among others). Based on first-hand empirical evidence, qualitative and quantitative, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this dissertation examines these issues with adequate level of detail and depth, in this large company in Brazil. The study results suggest that: Concerning the path of the technological capability accumulation, the firm exhibited heterogeneity in the path of accumulation of technological capabilities to distinct functions. For the functions Software Engineering and Process and Management Project the firm reached the Level 6 (Innovative Intermediate Superior), on a scale that ranges from 1 to 7; In relation to technological capability sources, the firm deliberately sought and built sources of knowledge in order to develop and sustain its innovative technological capabilities. The dissertation, thus, contributes to adding new empirical evidence to the debate on globalization of innovative capabilities from a late-industrializing perspective.
Resumo:
This study has as objective to present a proposal to analyze the politics of the Human Resource of the Bank of Brazil utilizing the Theory of sign" (semiotic) as a theory tool, connecting to the organizational usages that had been historically stable and a new speech from the directory body that search for excellence and modernity. It¿s necessary to identify the adequate strategies to manage human resources in a businesses considered excellent and that the Bank search to utilize (benchmarking), doing a semiotic cut, in other words, isolating the communicative aspect, to find how she produces the understanding of what really need to be done at the company. If the purpose of the Bank of Brazil is to reunite an associated team, guided to results progressively better, that makes it even more competitive, and achieve its mission "to be the solution to services and the finance intermediation, to attend the expectation of clients and shareholders, to fortify the liability between the public functionary and the company and to be useful to society", should implement a model weaved in the daily one of organization to start from the creation of adequate institutional channels rewards (promotions, direct or indirect salaries, training) that privilege the aptitude an constant learning. Through the bibliographical research, will be looked to select illustrious representative texts of the specialized literature that corroborates the idea that the Bank of Brazil possess the necessary management tools to a good management of Human Resources, lacking adjust them, through the acquisition of abilities. For in such a way one will search in internal documents, data on the management of the company, interpreting them to the light of the bibliographical research. Finally it will be included participant comment as link between the theory and the practical one, the speech and the action."
Resumo:
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo central propor a criação do Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Oral e Ciencias Sociais na cidade da Beira, em Moçambique. Pretende-se, com o Centro, promover projetos que possibilitem a constituição de acervos de caráter histórico e documental, contribuindo, assim, para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa acadêmica e para a valorização da história e da cultura Moçambicanas. O Centro terá como principal ferramenta metodológica de pesquisa a história oral. O acervo a ser constituído no contexto de distintos projetos resultará, portanto, de entrevistas gravadas com atores de diferentes extratos sociais, todos eles participantes diretos de eventos relevantes da história recente de Moçambique. Essas entrevistas deverão estar disponíveis, no Centro, juntamente com outros tipos de fontes, coletadas e organizadas com o objetivo de constituir um centro de referência sobre a história contemporanea do país. Toda a atividade do Centro será acompanhada de projetos de qualificação de equipes. Neste sentido, o Centro terá de lidar com dois importantes campos: a pesquisa, produção, preservação e difusão de fontes para a história contemporânea; e o apoio didático-pedagógico aos diversos níveis do processo de aprendizagem.