Um estudo de retas do plano e uma abordagem para o ensino médio com o software GeoGebra

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O tratamento probabilístico da teoria cinética de colisões em livros de química brasileiros para o ensino médio

This paper presents and discusses an analysis of the approaches and the didactic treatment of the kinetic model of collision between particles in chemical reaction (collision theory model) presented by brazilian chemistry textbooks for the medium level. Our starting point at this search was the correct and scientific model for this theory which is based on random events, but most of all the books investigated does not consider this fact like an important and very precious didactic aspect. We utilized in the investigation the writing discoursive analysis technique.

As mudanças procedimentais de alunos do ensino médio durante o trabalho com investigação matemática em sala de aula

The paper that if presents, tells a research carried through next to students of the High School, in which activities of mathematical investigation from questions of some examinations of federal and state public universities had been elaborated; later applied to these students in a state school of the inside of São Paulo and with data obtained from their productions, we search to analyze which procedures had been used for them and which procedural changes had occurred. It is intended with this, to collaborate for the mathematical formation of the students of High School aiming at a more significant learning of the mathematical concepts and the procedures involved when working with this type of activity.

Alfabetização científica em nível médio e a preparação dos cidadãos para o processo de tomada de decisões

The concept of scientific literacy nowadays is permeated by principles eventually inconsistent. Development of cognitive skills, preparation for continuing studies in higher education, preparation for working life and the strengthening of citizenship are some of the competing goals of science education. In respect of Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) Education, the politics of science should be properly taken into account by science education. This paper examines the concept of scientific literacy in the context of STSE Education and points to why and how physics education in high school curriculum should address topics of energy consumption and production in order to provide the background necessary to assess public policies of science, technology and innovation, in particular the Decennial Plan for Expansion of Energy 2020, subjected to public consultation by the Brazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy in 2011.

O conhecimento biológico nos documentos curriculares nacionais do ensino médio: uma análise histórico-filosófica a partir dos estatutos da biologia

We analyzed the National Curriculum for Secondary Schools with respect to the ontological, epistemological, historical, social and conceptual biology. This study aims to bring information and thinking about the inclusion of history and philosophy of biology for secondary education and for teacher training. We performed an analysis of PCNEM, PCNEM+ and Curriculum Guidelines as a whole from established categories. The results indicate a predominance of the ontological view of mechanistic biology. Epistemologically, although acknowledged, the question of scientific method is rarely discussed. The historical approach and social scientific activity and scientific knowledge are recognized by the documents, but an instrumental view prevails. The conceptual aspects are comprehensive and take into account the theories of structural biology. A philosophical discussion on the biology is missing in the parameters, indicating the need for the inclusion of issues related to ideas of determinism, chance and teleology.

A influência da carga imposta pela mochila escolar em alunos do ensino fundamental e médio: uma contribuição para estudos ergonômicos

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the load carried by students in primary and secondary schools, state Vespasian /MG, and quantify the percentage established between backpack weight and body mass of these young people carry every day. The study included 916 students of both genders. Ages ranged from 10-19 years. 541 students (59.06%) carried the load backpack ranging from 10.02 to 33.43% of his body mass. Students with younger age, female students and those who opted for the backpack model designed dorsal attachment tended to carry a load higher than 10% of his body weight. 224 (24.45%) students complain of back pain and shoulder. It was concluded that the cargo is inadequate from the point of view of biomechanics and ergonomics, especially for younger individuals and females, since they are in growth phase, and this exposes them to an overhead increased risk of spinal injuries, with consequent repercussions in adulthood.

Abordagem experimental da força de atrito em aulas de Física do Ensino Médio

In this paper we propose and describe the performance of an experimental activity to address the concept of friction in High School Physics practical classes. We use a low-cost and simple construction device that enables the determination of the coefficient of static friction between two materials through three different procedures. The results were coherent, with small percentage deviation, which gives reliability to the activity and can stimulate discussions in class. The activity also allows greater contextualization of concepts that are usually discussed only theoretically, requiring a higher abstraction level of the students. This can stimulate discussions and greater interaction between teacher and students.

Física Moderna no Ensino Médio: um experimento para abordar o efeito fotoelétrico

Considering the importance of the inclusion of Modern and Contemporary Physics in the curriculum of Physics in High School, it is proposed in this work an experimental activity, made with low- cost materials, which presents the photoelectric effect. This activity can be used articulating this phenomenon with some technological applications experienced by the students in their daily lives. When working the experiment, the teacher can encourage students to investigate what happens during its execution and, through questions, get them to express their ideas in the previous attempt to explain its operation. This articulation linked to social interaction in the classroom can arouse the students’curiosity and motivation of students to learn the subject taught in classroom.

Mídia-educação no ensino médio: uma experiência com alunos e professores

This paper describes the development of educational materials on media education as a result of workshops held for students and teachers of high school in Midialab – Media Education Laboratory of Universidade Sagrado Coração. The objectives of this exploratory research were to investigate how teachers and students learn about media, looking for similarities and differences in the performance of the two groups in order to make it possible to conclude what methodology frameworks had a best result for promoting the media literacy of each group, taking on account the characteristics of public school and the paradigms of international media literacy. The methodology involved the application of activities focusing on six strategies: textual analysis, contextual analysis, content analysis, case study, translation, simulation and production. The results suggested that such activities are a productive way to develop critical reading skill and to reduce the differences between teachers and students’ repertoire. They also presented good results in the development of language usage by them and promoted collaborative learning, in a social approach.

Física Moderna e Contemporânea no ensino médio e a formação de professores: desencontros com a ação comunicativa e a ação dialógica emancipatórias

Taking into consideration various argumentation perspectives, the introduction of Modern and Contemporary Physics at High School level has been defended by various researchers. In the present qualitative nature research, we heard and interpreted ten High School physics teachers’ discourses, aiming to analyze how their initial education, regarding to Modern and Contemporary Physics, was based in a rationality which matches with the communicative and the dialogical actions. Teachers of our sample were individually interviewed and, at that time, they had finished their initial undergraduate program at least five years before. Teachers’ discourses interpretation was supported by some French school discourse analysis’ concepts, Jürgen Habermas’ communicative action, Freire’s dialogical action, as well as teachers’ education research critical referential. The discourses interpretations evidenced that these teachers’ education, with respect to Modern and Contemporary Physics, was mainly based in technical-instrumental rationality basis. This perspective did not help teachers’ autonomy construction in order to work these subjects in their classes, mainly in a perspective coherent with the teachers’ emancipation, producing reflexes in classroom physics teaching. The study evidenciates the necessity of future teachers’ professors revise theirs teaching practice, as well studying other curricular structures, regarding to Modern and Contemporary Physics teaching.

Gestão de portfólio de produtos: práticas adotadas por uma empresa de base tecnológica de médio porte localizada na cidade de São Carlos, SP

In the context of the product development process (PDP), portfolio management plays an important role by determing the set of products that a company uses to compete. Due to its characteristics, performing continuous technological forecasting activities for developing and transferring technologies to their products through the PDP, this tends to make portfolio management a complex activity for products at these companies. This paper’s objective was to identify practices for product portfolio management in a medium-sized technology-based firm located in São Carlos, SP. Qualitative research was used and it was operationalized through a case study. Among the main results, it was noted that decisions on product portfolio depend mainly on the perception of senior management and the financial analyzes constitute the main method used for supporting the decision.

Representatividade das redes sociais no processo educacional: potencialidades dos grupos virtuais como ferramentas de ensino-aprendizagem no Ensino Médio

One tool that has been in evidence, especially among young people, is Facebook. It can be classified as a synchronous communication tool that allows communities of people with similar interests to discuss and exchange experiences in real time, promoting the sharing of information and the creation of collective knowledge, even if they being in different parts of the globe. In this paper we show that Facebook can be used as an educational tool to aid the work done in the classroom and the impact of creating closed groups in online social networking for educational purposes. The survey was conducted with a group of students at a private school in Bauru/SP. We investigated the interaction profile of students with a closed group created on Facebook and through a questionnaire analyzed whether students use virtual environments for personal or educational. The survey reveals students perceptions about relevant aspects and the potential use of this tool as teaching-learning strategy

Nanotecnologia e nanociência em livros didáticos de física do nível médio: discursos sobre a tecnologia e a educação científica e tecnológica

In this contribution, we analyze conceptual approaches to nanotechnology and nanoscience in recent issues of secondary education of Brazilian physics textbooks. We analyzed fifteen collections of Physics textbooks of recent editions, however, only two books, belonging to different collections incorporate considerations about nanotechnology and nanoscience in their approaches. We focus our analysis on three aspects, namely: the place dedicated to approaches to nanoscience and nanotechnology, notions about technology and its contributions to critical scientific education. This is a qualitative research; it was used as conceptual approaches the Philosophy of Technology, The Discourse Analysis (DA) and Science, Technology, Society (STS) concepts. We found that in two examined textbooks the approaches to nanoscience and nanotechnology is a complementary description of modern physics, associated with quantum theory. In this context, the concepts of nanoscience and nanotechnology focus superficially in the genesis of the field and some possible areas of applications. It was not identified in all textbooks warnings about the potential risks to human health and the environment from the use of nanotechnology and nanoscience. We understand that textbooks approaches about nanotechnology and nanoscience round a instrumental technological perspective, however keep away from the scientific and technological critical education.