Diritto di cronaca e tutela dei valori della persona nell'ambito del settore audiovisivo

La ricerca riguarda il rapporto fra il diritto di cronaca e i diritti degli individui che vengono coinvolti dalla diffusione dell’informazione sui mezzi di comunicazione, con particolare riferimento al settore audiovisivo. La cronaca, rientrando fra le manifestazioni del pensiero (art. 21 Cost.), costituisce un diritto di libertà e, come tale, non può essere in alcun modo vincolata in funzione di uno scopo sociale. Tuttavia dall’esercizio di essa discende il risultato (non scopo!) vantaggioso per la collettività e per la vita dello Stato democratico. L’ordinamento cerca quindi un punto di equilibrio fra la cronaca e gli altri valori della persona confliggenti e di pari rango; ciò avviene attraverso il bilanciamento in concreto operato dalla giurisprudenza (secondo i principi della sentenza del decalogo) e attraverso la disciplina dei mezzi, al fine di garantire il “diritto ad essere informati” espresso dall’art.10 della CEDU. La disciplina dei mezzi si giustifica in ragione della capacità di influenzare il pubblico e della capacità pervasiva di essi, in particolare del mezzo televisivo che, nonostante l’espansione di internet, conserva ad oggi il primato. Per quanto riguarda gli strumenti di tutela previsti per le ipotesi di lesioni derivanti dalla informazione, ci si sofferma sulla rettifica.(art.32, dlgs 177/2005). Viene effettuato un raffronto con l’analoga figura prevista nella stampa (legge 47/1948), riscontrando che nell’audiovisivo lo strumento è applicabile solo in caso di notizie oggettivamente false che abbiano leso gli interessi morali del soggetto, escludendo la valutazione soggettiva del richiedente, prevista invece per la stampa. Viene ricercata la ratio della differenziazione normativa dei due settori, anche attraverso l’analisi dei provvedimenti dell’AGCOM. In ragione dell’obiettivo di garantire l’obiettività e il pluralismo informativo perseguito dal legislatore attraverso la disciplina dell’audiovisivo, la rettifica, dalla duplice valenza, vede qui prevalere l’aspetto di tutela dell’oggettività notiziale, rispetto alla tutela dell’individuo, realizzata di riflesso, col ripristino della verità.

Le strategie di internazionalizzazione delle imprese distrettuali: un'analisi comparata di tre diversi sistemi locali di produzione in Emilia Romagna

Since the Nineties, the process of globalization has caused a sharp increase in the real and financial integration of the worldwide economy, reducing the obstacles to international trade and minimizing the cost of transaction. The entrance of foreign firms in the domestic market has deeply modified the competitive situation of Italian enterprises, which have been forced to change their strategies in order to cope with those of the new competitors. In this scenario, internationalization is no longer one of the different strategic options available for the firm, but it becomes a forced choice to maintain or acquire a competitive advantage sustainable over time. Internationalization strategies of SMEs, however, are hindered by the shortage of financial resources and entrepreneurial skills, therefore this kind of firms tends toward light forms of foreign expansion, like export and subcontracting. Despite this, many studies have demonstrated that the district localisation increases the firms’ productivity and innovative capacity, so their competiveness both at a domestic and international level. The majority of these empirical contributions has focused mainly on the analysis of commercial flows, confirming that district enterprises reach a superior international performance compared to their external competitors. On the contrary, only few works have tried to evaluate the existence of a district effect on the firms’ ability to invest abroad, but the obtained results are not straightforward. One of the reason of these conclusions is that the phenomena has been analysed without taking into account the differences existing between districts in terms of enterprises’ dimension, diffusion of industrial groups and, above all, the sector of productive specialization, because the technological content of production could improve the innovativeness of district firms, allowing them to adopt advanced forms of internationalisation as foreign direct investments (FDI). The aim of the thesis is to further investigate the district effect on internationalisation, trough an econometric analysis of the international strategies carried out by firms localised in three different local system of production characterised by different technological specialization.

I progetti di Oswald Mathias Ungers per la città di Treviri. Questioni di composizione architettonica

Abstract This PhD thesis focuses on two projects carried out by Oswald Mathias Ungers in the city of Trier. More specifi cally, this study focuses on the relationship between composition principles, architectural forms, historical context and the nature of the city where these buildings have been built. The works carried out by Ungers in Trier are unique experiences - if taken in this master’s works context - and each one of them refl ects - in its specifi c project and architectural composition theme - the results - in terms of design - of a complex research on the fundamentals of architecture carried out by Ungers in more than fi ve decades of his activity. The theoretical and compositional experiment aspect is one of the main subjects to defi ne these buildings in terms of architecture. This aspect is so crucial that it is possible to consider them as an example of radical and specifi c experiences, referred to a specifi c place and based on a specifi c theoretical corpus. More specifi cally, this study focuses on the design activity carried out by Ungers in this city, mainly between the 80s and 90s and in the fi rst decade of the 21st century. It puts forward an interpretation that does not only defi ne the essential features, elements and questions lying behind these two architectures, but fi rst and foremost analyzes the theoretical, methodological and compositional relationship between Ungers and Trier, his adopted city. An increasingly closer relationship between the architect and his city highlights the wider relationship network established between the place and the projects carried out by Ungers in this city and makes it possible to understand the importance of Trier in the work of this architect, in his education and in his way to see, think and make architecture. The projects analyzed - the Thermen am Forum Museum (1988-1996) and the Kaiserthermen entrance hall (2003-2007) - were analyzed in terms of their architectural composition in an attempt to highlight the poetry of these architectures and to fi nd out their progressive, rational - and therefore transmissible - character. This study is an attempt to assess and unveil the compositional themes characterizing these projects while detecting the compositional principles lying behind the works and verifying the design process through which such principles were translated into architecture. Looking at these works as architectural composition examples makes it possible to clarify Ungers’ hermeneutic relationship established with the city’s history and structure. More specifi cally, the main subject of this thesis is the relationship between the architect, his city and history in the architectural solutions offered by two exemplary case studies, which were both built and placed in the historical city center of Trier and both connected with the ancient core of the city. The Thermen am Forum Museum and the Kaiserthermen entrance hall projects are - though being developed at different times of Ungers’ architectural life and though being extremely different in terms of approach to their context, due to their architectural image - two works that can be compared with the historical heritage of the city and this makes them ideal examples of the relationship between architectural forms, history and environment.

Applicazioni industriali e di ricerca della spettroscopia NIR per la valutazione di indici qualitativi di prodotti alimentari

In the present work qualitative aspects of products that fall outside the classic Italian of food production view will be investigated, except for the apricot, a fruit, however, less studied by the methods considered here. The development of computer systems and the advanced software systems dedicated for statistical processing of data, has permitted the application of advanced technologies including the analysis of niche products. The near-infrared spectroscopic analysis was applied to the chemical industry for over twenty years and, subsequently, was applied in food industry with great success for non-destructive in line and off-line analysis. The work that will be presented below range from the use of spectroscopy for the determination of some rheological indices of ice cream applications to the characterization of the main quality indices of apricots, fresh dates, determination of the production areas of pistachio. Next to the spectroscopy will be illustrated different methods of multivariate analysis for spectra interpretation or for the construction of qualitative models of estimation. The thesis is divided into four separate studies that consider the same number of products. Each one of it is introduced by its own premise and ended with its own bibliography. This studies are preceded by a general discussion on the state of art and the basics of NIR spectroscopy.