Ensino do processo de enfermagem: significados percepções docentes na formação do enfermeiro

The implementation of the nursing process should be experienced by all nurses during their formative years. However, the lack of implementation of the nursing process for care planning during the educational process and the existing disorder in the formation process prompted the following research questions: What is the meaning of teaching the nursing process to the nursing professors? Do nursing professors use strategies and methods that promote critical thinking in their students? The objective of the study was to analyze the meaning that teaching of the nursing process has for the nursing faculty of the bachalaureate nursing course. Qualitative descriptive study conducted with a sample of 30 faculty members that taught nursing care courses in the nursing program of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal, RN. Two instruments were used, a questionaire and an interview guide. The questionnaire was designed to obtain sociodemographic, educational and work information, of faculty activities and of the teaching of nursing care. The guide was composed of five open questions regarding the understanding and perceptions of the nursing process, its utilization in teaching, and the nursing care teaching strategies. Interview data were submitted to content analysis techniques and interpreted according to the principles of Symbolic Interactionism. Six categories related to the analytical themes were identified: the nursing process as the guide for the care actions; clinical rationality; use of the care activities; teaching relevance; teaching barreirs; teaching strategies with focus on the abilities and competencies of the clinical rationale. Faculty perceptions regarding the teaching of the nursing process; nursing care approach in the nurses‟ formation. The study indicates that the participants understand the relevance of the nursing process a work instrument and that the use of this method during the nurses‟ formation enhances the abilities and competencies for critical thinking that is essencial for care. The strategies for teaching of abilities and competencies were identified, however the nursing faculty should use codes, direction and the influence so that the students can Interact and therefore stimulate the use of the nursing process

A formação de conceitos no ensino de graduação em enfermagem à luz da teoria da aprendizagem significativa

The Theory of Meaningful Learning (TML) described by David Paul Ausubel offers a proposal for the teaching strategies to provide a more active and effective student learning. The projection of the TML practice is demonstrated through the development of concept maps (CM) technique, created by Joseph Donald Novak, which presents as a strategy, method or schematic feature, which is an indicator to identify the cognitive organization of the knowledge acquired by students. The survey was conducted in the light of TML in relation to learning concepts involving students of undergraduate nursing in a public university in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, the study aimed to compare the concept learning of students of undergraduate nursing, when subjected to different forms of education, to point approaches that promote more effective and meaningful results. It was a quasi - experimental study with a qualitative analysis, conducted with students of the Undergraduate Nursing of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), approved by the Research Ethics Committee/UFRN Certification of Presention for Ethics Appreciation (CPEA) in 11706412.3.0000.5537. The study took place at two different times and involved content on complications mediate postoperative surgical wound in the same discipline with students who attended the 5th semester of the degree course in Nursing. For the viability of data collection, in the second half of 2013, we used the technique of CM, to represent the concept of complications mediate postoperative surgical wound covered in the classroom. CM were built at a different time from that of the discipline, with the support of tutors and preceded by a brief description and explanation about the form of preparation and application. In this study were subjected, 31 students of undergraduate nursing, registered in the discipline of Integral Attention to health I. In the first stage, 18 students participated in the survey, they had the teaching intervention based on TML, and in the second stage, all students participated in the lesson provided curriculum with the responsible teacher of the subject, on the same issue occurred. At the end of each meeting, the students 11 developed concept maps with the aid of software Cmap Tools®. Data analysis happened upon the technique of content analysis, supported by a conceptual map "glass", previously developed by researchers and aid in the preparation of the categories in which the concepts found were classified. The study found that the teaching intervention based on TML with the help of CM, managed to develop in students a more expressive teaching learning process than just classroom curriculum with the traditional teaching method, and also that the association between the intervention motion teaching with the traditional method and the use of the technique of CM encourages the student the ability to articulate the various acquired knowledge as well as apply them in real situations

Opiniões sobre estágio curricular e prática de ensino na licenciatura em química: o caso do CEFET-PB

The Brazilian legal documents are directing the reformulation of the courses that prepare students to be teachers. Through out the country many institutions look for to fit themselves in such documents. On the other hand, other IES (Superior Education Institutions), when they are setting up such courses they looked for to be adequate to the new public politics. Based on the National Curricular Norms to form teachers for Basic Education, in tertiary level, in 2004 it was created at the CEFET-PB,the Chemistry Course (Licenciatura) to prepare people to be teachers, whose organization. This work presents the results of a research of phenomenological nature that aimed to comprehend the teachers opinions, in the range of discussions about the current politics of formation, particularly related to the CNE/CP 1 and CNE/CP 2/2002 resolutions. This work based on the curricular proposal for the Chemistry Course (Licenciatura), presents the relationship between the probationary period and the teaching practice at the CEFET-PB, in order to contribute for a reflection about these categories to clarify the teachers of the course. It started from the consideration of all changes operated in contemporary society implies changes on teacher's pedagogical practices. It was used tow instruments for the data collection: a questionnaire with open and closed questions and recordable interviews. Nine teachers form the CEFET-PB took apart and four licensed teachers. It was based in a theoretic frame as a support for discussions about the different models of teachers formation. We concluded that the representations of teachers about probationary period the practice on the activity for the teachers formation was strongly anchored in characteristic elements of the formative tendency of a institution that historically acted on a technician formation, and the results pointed to strong signs of attitudes based on a model of the technical rationality

A estratégia didática de resolução de problemas na formação de professores de química

In this work it is presented a research developed in the initial training of teachers of the chemistry graduation course at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The intervention was realized in two classes in the context of a discipline in the curricular structure with nineteen undergraduate students of chemistry. The study utilizes characteristics of the qualitative approach and uses observation, questionnaires, interviews and examination papers. The experiment involved a sequence of activities fundamented on the Problem Solving (PS) teaching strategy to approach chemical concepts. The proposal was planned and organized according to the theoretical presupposition of the work developed by the authors of the Science Education in PS, of teaching experience and from the initial hypotheses of the research. The goal was that the future teachers could experience the strategy and advance to the new meanings. The themes addressed in the activities were the difference between exercises and problems, exercises turning into problems, the steps of problem solving and some implications of the teaching strategy for the work of the teacher. The results showed evidence that through a process of collective reflection, and from the difficulties experienced in the strategy practice, the undergraduates are introduced to new perspectives of reflection and action of teaching practice, and understanding some benefits of innovative proposals for the teaching of chemistry. It also showed that, although this theme is approached, in some moments of the graduation, the future teachers don‟t know when or how to realize activities in this perspective. From the aspects that rose in research we highlighted the difficulties in the problem solving steps, the use of the strategy in school and the knowledge and skills of the teacher for planning activities in Problem Solving

Formação continuada de professores que ensinam matemática: o papel do ábaco na ressignificação da prática pedagógica

The present dissertation performs a study about abacus part on the continuous education of Elementary School s Mathematic teachers on what concerns the basic operations of addition and subtraction with (re)unification by using the manipulative and/or informatical abacus. Therefore, the research intends to answer the following question: How does a teacher reframe the pedagogical practice while teaching the Decimal Numeral System and the conventional operations of addition and subtraction with (re)unification through manipulative and informatical abacus? In order to do so, we rely ourselves on the Guy Brousseau s Theory of Didactic Situations (TDS) from 1996 that affirms the necessity to trace a way in accordance with the teaching situations that lead the student s learning; and on the work of Pierre Lévy (1993), in which the poles of communication oral, written and virtual create three ways of communication through which the learning process happens. The methodology of this paper was based on the Strategic Research-Action of Franco (2005). The didactic sequence was elaborated in accordance with TDS and used the manipulative and informatical abacus as didactic resource. With the application of the didactic sequence, it was verified that the continued formation of Elementary School s teachers concerning the operations of addition and subtraction on the initial years/levels is pertinent once it has been observed some difficulties of the teachers concerning this mathematical subject. Besides, the analysis of the didactic sequence has allowed one to realize that teachers had some difficulties concerning the numeric representation with order zero, the resolution of operations of addition and subtraction using the manipulative and informatical abacus and the realization of (re)unification on the subtraction with meaning. These observations has been discussed with the teachers and, after that, it has been done some didactic-methodological routings of the operations of addition and subtraction with re(unification) that contributes with the teaching and learning process.

Formação docente e gêneros discursivos:o dizer, o saber e o fazer

This master dissertation presented to the Language Studies Post-Graduation Program of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte aims present an analysis about the initial teacher training, the knowledge about discursive genres and its usage in basic education professional classrooms. Therefore, it was analyzed, from teachers of fourth and fifth grades of elementary schools, if the initial training provides enough useful tools to be applied in Portuguese classes, i.e., if during the teacher training process concepts of discursive genres emerge, which of these concepts can be noticed and how this knowledge helps teachers in their classrooms. In order to achieve this aim, it was taken into account studies about the initial teacher training, about the knowledge diversity that is part of the teaching knowledge and also about discursive genres based on Bakhtin‟s conception, which is used in the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN). This research is qualitative of interpretative basis and has taken an opened questions questionnaire and classroom observations with audio recording data as corpus of analysis. As results of this investigation, it is possible to emphasize that the initial teacher training has left some gaps in discursive genres concepts and usage in Portuguese classes, that it is not only one kind of knowledge that compound the teacher knowledge and, because of this, working with disciplinarians knowledge, specially about discursive genres, is to emphasize one among many others.

Formação de professores de assentamentos rurais do Rio Grande do Norte: representações, memórias e práticas de letramento

This work has as study object the representations that teachers have about literacy, and schooling, as well as their memories and their reading and writing practices in the formation process of teachers in rural areas of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. We focused our discussion in literacy practices constructed on language workshops, assumed as necessary for the teacher formation, the existence of a pedagogical context that allows developing the appropriate teaching action. These workshops aimed at creating a space of constant reflection and action. The corpus is composed of letters written by teachers in formation workshops and interviews emphasizing questions of literacy, schooling, memories and reading and writing practices. These teachers make use of literacy practices related to the plots which they belong to. This research is informed mainly by studies that discuss the Literacy (Street, 1984, 1995; Barton, 1998; Freire, 1978, 1980, 1990, 1996), focusing its political character and of inclusion to the literate world, the Social Representations (Moscovici, 1978) and the studies on genre as a discoursive practice (Fairclough, 2001). Methodologically, this research is of critical ethnographic nature (Cameron, 1992). The letters are disclosed as identity practices - pictures of life histories of the teachers. The analyses of the interviews, in turn, show the literacy multifaceted character, evidencing innumerable views on the phenomenon

A diversidade de interpretações como fator constituinte da formação docente: leitura e observação

Neste artigo apresentamos a análise de interpretações de estudantes em trabalhos desenvolvidos em duas disciplinas de cursos de Licenciatura em Física, nas quais realizamos atividades bastante distintas, uma envolvendo a leitura e outra a observação pelos licenciandos. Buscamos compreender falas escritas pelos estudantes como parte dessas atividades, e procuramos evidenciar a diversidade de interpretações e a relevância desse trabalho para a formação inicial. O apoio teórico em que nos sustentamos foi a análise de discurso na vertente originada na França por Michel Pêcheux. A consideração da não transparência da linguagem, e as noções de condições de produção, memória discursiva e repetição, bem como alguns aportes sobre possíveis papéis da observação na construção científica, contribuíram para a compreensão de discursos escritos pelos estudantes. Mostramos a diversidade de interpretações dos licenciados: ao opinarem sobre a possibilidade ou não de se trabalhar a física moderna e contemporânea no ensino médio, depois de lerem um texto envolvendo esse tema, e ao redigirem um texto sobre a observação na pesquisa científica.

O processo de constituição histórica das diretrizes curriculares na formação de professores de Educação Física

Os processos históricos que permeiam as diretrizes curriculares possibilitaram enxergar quais são as idéias e as preocupações para com a formação de professores no âmbito da Educação Física. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo foi averiguar, nas políticas públicas de formação de professor dessa disciplina, como ocorreu o processo de qualificação e certificação, buscando entender as justificativas que orientaram a regulamentação dos normativos legais de 1939 a 2004. Portanto, trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de análise qualitativa, tendo como fonte primária as Diretrizes Curriculares veiculada pela imprensa oficial. As novas Diretrizes Curriculares (Resoluções CNE/CP 01/2002, 02/2002 e 7/2004) apontaram perspectivas na formação de um professor mais qualificado para o seu campo de atuação, priorizando a questão da dimensão política da profissão, das competências e do corpo de conhecimento da área. Embora haja progressos em relação aos normativos anteriores, chama-se atenção para a necessidade de que as propostas em construção façam a mediação entre a proposta atual, o percurso histórico do próprio curso e a relação teoria-prática, visando o equilíbrio na formação. A proposta das novas diretrizes não deixa de evidenciar avanços significativos no horizonte da profissionalidade docente e da identidade profissional docente. da mesma forma, para o leitor ou estudioso atento, não deixa de causar preocupação o excesso de competências técnicas colocadas, passando-se a impressão de que agora o que vale é o primado do saber fazer.

Intervenção reflexiva: instrumento de formação continuada do educador especial

O presente artigo busca demonstrar a ocorrência de mudanças na prática pedagógica de uma professora, durante o período em que se fez a reflexão teórico-metodológica sobre essa prática, à luz de proposições da Psicologia sócio-histórica. Foram realizados 20 encontros reflexivos com uma professora da Educação Especial, a partir da análise de gravações das situações ocorridas em sala de aula. As discussões promovidas compreendiam aspectos relacionados ao processo de ensino e de aprendizagem na atividade docente. Foram examinadas as locuções verbais da professora e observaram-se indícios de mudança no que se refere ao foco de atenção, quando ela analisa seus problemas pedagógicos, na consideração da multideterminação dos problemas de ensino e aprendizagem, na concepção de aluno, no método de ensino, no estabelecimento e valorização da relação professor-aluno e da interação de alunos. Os resultados obtidos sinalizaram que a interação reflexiva mostrou-se um instrumento útil para a formação continuada de professores.

Os professores de química e o uso do computador em sala de aula: discussão de um processo de formação continuada

O presente artigo discute estratégias utilizadas em um processo de formação continuada que se destina a promover a inserção da informática nas aulas de Química, organizado com base na racionalidade prática e na reflexão crítica sobre o trabalho docente. Esse processo envolveu professores de escolas estaduais localizadas na região de Jaú (SP) e utilizou a educação a distância como recurso para mediar os períodos entre os encontros presenciais. As estratégias selecionadas para discussão neste artigo, dentre as utilizadas no processo de formação, são: a elaboração de material didático e o desenvolvimento de aulas nas Salas Ambiente de Informática das escolas. Tais propostas se revelaram importantes por considerarem o professor como autor dos recursos didáticos para trabalho em sala de aula, e o contexto escolar como subsídio à própria ação de formação.

A formação do professor de matemática e o trabalho com projetos na escola

O objetivo do presente texto é apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que procurou discutir a formação dos professores de Matemática que trabalham com projetos e documentar a maneira da implementação dessa proposta na escola. Os dados são provenientes de entrevistas com dez professores de Matemática, os quais atuam no Ensino Fundamental ou Médio. Seus relatos possibilitam identificar três formas diferentes de trabalhos com projetos: i) individualmente e por iniciativa própria; ii) por sugestão da escola, de forma fragmentada; iii) coletivamente. Não há indícios de que a formação inicial desses professores os tenha influenciado a trabalhar com projetos. Esse preparo foi construído ao longo de suas carreiras, através da participação em cursos de formação continuada, da experiência com a prática e das interferências de suas características pessoais.

O triângulo da formação docente: seus jogadores e configurações

O artigo tem por tema a formação dos professores que atuam nos anos iniciais da educação básica, considerando-a como um jogo que assume diferentes configurações em função das relações estabelecidas entre seus jogadores. Essas relações são analisadas por meio de um esquema de triangulação, aqui denominado como triângulo da formação docente. Cada um dos três vértices desse triângulo é ocupado por agentes que, a partir de seus capitais específicos, localizam-se em lugares desiguais no campo da formação docente: os professores e as instâncias que os representam; as universidades, fundações e institutos de pesquisa, com seus especialistas; e o poder público, representado por secretarias de educação e outros órgãos administrativos. Relações privilegiadas entre dois vértices do triângulo da formação docente apontam para diferentes modelos formativos. Explorando esse triângulo como um recurso de análise, o artigo focaliza as configurações assumidas pelo jogo da formação docente na versão brasileira do movimento ora em curso de universitarização do magistério. Atenção especial é conferida ao lugar que os professores atuantes nos anos iniciais da educação básica ocupam nesse jogo, às relações que eles estabelecem com os demais jogadores e, também, às possibilidades que têm de subverter e alterar o jogo em andamento.

Projeções e expectativas de ingressantes no curso de formação docente em educação profissional técnica na saúde

O presente estudo propõe analisar as projeções e expectativas dos ingressantes em um curso de formação docente, que visa superar a fragmentação disciplinar e criar maior aproximação com o mundo do trabalho. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo realizado a partir de entrevistas com 33 ingressantes do curso. Para a análise dos dados, pautou-se na técnica de análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Os resultados do estudo permitiram elencar as seguintes categorias temáticas: possibilidade de ensinar-aprender; necessidade de capacitação pedagógica e de constante busca de aprendizagem; possibilidade de mudança da realidade. Conclui-se que os ingressantes vislumbram a transformação da realidade social na qual estão inseridos, considerando a necessidade de aquisição de novas habilidades e competências profissionais, com intuito de exercer eficazmente o trabalho e ocupar um espaço competitivo no mercado.