Polyculture du machoiron Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus avec Oreochromis niloticus en etang

Fingerling catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (P=4.0 g, FL=65.3 mm) and Oreochromis niloticus (P=11.2 g, TL=84.8 mm) were stocked in 0.06 ha earthen ponds at Pass (Annex of the Aquaculture Research Station at Layo, Côte d'Ivoire). The ponds were stocked at densities of 6700 catfish per ha, and 6700 catfish with 3350 tilapias per ha. The study lasted from February to August 1985 and the fish were fed daily at 6% of the estimated catfish biomass with 32% protein pellet. There were no differences in mean weekly water temperature (p > 0.05). The dissolved oxygen concentration was higher in ponds where tilapias were added (p < 0.05) The presence of tilapias seems to have improved water quality and did not affect growth and production of catfish (p > 0.05). Their presence also significantly increased total fish yield (p < 0.05) by 23.5%. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in catfish survival between the two production systems.

Contribution à l'étude des modifications hydro-sédimentaires consécutives à la réouverture artificielle de l'embouchure du Comoé à Grand-Bassam

The Bassam artificial inlet was opened (in September 22, 1987) in order to revacuate offshore invasive aquatic plants. This has considerably modified the hydro-sedimentary environment of the lagoonal domain at Grand-Bassam. Tidal currents effect has confered the lagoonal waters an estuarine feature, the saline intrusion (25-35%o) increased beyond the Moossou bridges up to the confluence of the Comoe river. This has led to a cleaning of the river lower course and above all to the bottoms of the lagoon, which were previously confined. The remobilization of mud (from lagoonal bottoms around Bouet Island) evacuated offshore, has exposed lagoonal and oceanic sandy features. This new system remains fragile, with the seasonal (low river-flow) clogging.

Les effets de la réouverture de l'embouchure du fleuve Comoé sur le végétation littorale lagunaire (Lagune Ebrié - Côte d'Ivoire)

The results of floristic data collected during two surveys in the eastern region of Ebrié lagoon in 1987 (before the reopening of the inlet) and in 1988 (after the reopening of the inlet) are discussed in this article. Salinity increase (from 4‰ to 30‰) as a result of the reopening in September 1987 of the channel of Comoé river, profoundly modified qualitatively and quantitatively, the plant population. Floating or fixed macrophytes have been completely destroyed. Mangrove forest being the hydrophytic belt of the lagunar rives.

Analyse des effets de l'ouverture du chenal de Grand Bassam (estuaire du fleuve Comoé, Lagune Ebrié) sur la macrofaune benthique lagunaire

This paper presents the results of a comparative study of three series of samples collected in the area near the Bassam channel before, six and twenty months after its opening in September 1987. Observed effects are the decrease in the abundance and the modification of the benthic macrofauna composition. These effects appeared to be definitive, without recovery of the most abundant species Corbula trigona. Most differences noted in the population structure are due to the increase of the salinity and at a least degree to the modification of the nature of the sediment.

Influence de la réouverture du canal de Bassam sur la pêcherie de crabes de Vitré II en Lagune Ebrié (Côte d'Ivoire)

This work is the result of one year of investigation from May 1987 to June 1988 among fishermen of Vitré II village located in the eastern region of the Ebrié lagoon.

Doses efficaces en glyphosate et en 2,4-D pour le contrôle chimique des laitue d'eau (Pistia stratiotes, Linn.) et toxicité du glyphosate vis-à-vis des tilapias (Sarotherodon melanotheron)

The toxic effects of two herbicides Round up (gliphosate) and 2,4-D (herbazol) were tested on Pistia stratiotes (Linn. Araceae) samples cultivated in glass aquariums. The gliphosate appears to be more toxic on Pistia Stratiotes than 2,4-D. It was then tested on tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron juveniles. The lethal dose for tilapia (CL50 = 13.25 mg.l -1) is about 18, 37 and 74 times higher than the glyphosate toxic dose for plants at 1, 2 and 4 meters water depth respectively.

Phytotoxicité du glyphosate sur la Jacinthe d'eau (Eichhornia crassipes, Solms)

The toxicity of the herbicide glyphosate was tested on water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) samples cultivated in glass aquariums. The lowest dose (0.09 g.m-2) leads to an increasing plant growth rate. This growth rate decreases with intermediate doses (0.18 and 0.36 g.m-2), the consequence of which is to increase stolons (vegetative reproduction). On the other hand, the dose of 0.72 g.m-2 leads to a total and irreversible destruction of plants.

Étude comparative de la macrofaune associée aux racines de Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae) du lac de barrage d'Ayamé II et du fleuve Comoé (Côte d'Ivoire)

Abundance and species variations of the macrofauna associated with the roots of Pistia stratiotes of Ayamé II lake and Comoé river were studied during one year. Samples of plants were collected by hand once a month within a sampler of 1 m2 of surface.

Concentrations en mercure dans les muscles de thons albacores (Thunnus albacares) du golfe de Guinee (1987-1988)

Samples of albacore tunny-fish (Thunnus albacares) caught from East Tropical Atlantic areas have been analysed in white and red muscles in order to determine the concentration of mercury. The results show that there are no significant differences between the mercury concentrations in the white and in the red muscles, and that a significant correlation exists between the mercury concentrations in the two types of muscles.

Um desfile de invisibilidades: táticas de praticantes nas escolas de dificílimo acesso

Esta dissertação apresenta práticas emancipatórias produzidas em comunidades de dificílimo acesso do município de Duque de Caxias (RJ). Ao considerar que essas comunidades são invisibilizadas em função, não apenas da nomenclatura que as qualifica, mas também da distância que possuem do centro do município e das especificidades nos modos de vida de seus moradores, afirmo que essas mesmas comunidades se organizam de maneiras próprias para garantir umpouco de visibilidade, procurando assegurar além da vida digna para as pessoasque nelas vivem, a possibilidade de existirem, de serem contempladas nas políticaspúblicas e de alcançarem o reconhecimento de suas especificidades. Para enunciaressas práticas e promover um debate acerca de sua validação, recorro àscontribuições de Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Michel de Certeau, José de SouzaMartins, Nilda Alves, entre outros, que, em seus textos, consideram oquestionamento acerca do paradigma moderno de validação dos conhecimentos.Compreendendo que a experiência social em todo mundo é bem maior do que sepode supor, que o conceito de prática cidadã ultrapassa os limites definidos nacidadania burguesa e que os próprios modos de pesquisar essas experiênciassociais e práticas cidadãs muitas vezes são limitados em razão da valorização evalidação de algumas metodologias, é que consigo fazer emergir exemplos desolidariedade, coletividade e ações democráticas. A identificação dessas ações sóme foi possível a partir da pesquisa nos/dos/com os cotidianos realizada nas escolassituadas no interior dessas comunidades, afinal, como em muitas das vezes a escolaé o único espaçotempo com possibilidade de promover o diálogo entre ascomunidades e o poder instituído, reivindicações e reinvenções cotidianasatravessam esse espaçotempo e trazem para ele funções que ultrapassam asfronteiras do que historicamente se construiu como sendo seu âmbito de ação.

Contribution à l'étude des caractéristiques morphologiques de l'unité littorale de Côte d'Ivoire, Golfe de Guinée: cas du périmètre littoral de Port-Bouet

This paper presents a large scale (1/10000) bathymetric chart along with the beach (s.l.) and shoreface schemes of Port-Bouet littoral. All these charts and maps contributed to identify the three morphological sub-areas which characterize the whole littoral area of Port-Bouet.

Reproduction et fécondité du machoiron Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus en élevage

Different rearing facilities (concrete tanks, pens and ponds) were tested for suitability as spawning environments. The concrete tanks and the pens in the lagoon gave the best results as to the number of spawns obtained. Of the three types of spawning devices tested, containers with a 150 mm opening at one of the two ends were preferably used by the fish. The brooders in the spawning facilities spontaneously entered the spawning containers to deposit their eggs without external human intervention. Actual fecundity estimates ranged from 9805 to 40597.

Cycle sexuel et fécondité du machoiron Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus en Lagune Ebrié, Côte d'Ivoire

Changes in the seasonal development of the gonads of female Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, in Ebrié lagoon (Côte d'Ivoire) are described over an annual reproductive cycle. Seven macroscopic stages of gonad maturity were identified. There is a major spawning period from July to November. The mature fish spawn only once during the breeding season. There was a slightly higher correlation between fecundity and fish length than between fecundity and fish weight or gonad weight. Fecundity estimates ranged from 5438 to 36257 eggs and from 4878 to 87724 eggs, respectively for the fish in captivity and those in the natural environment.

Morphologie et hydrodynamique à l'embouchure du fleuve Bandama

This study deals with the present morphology of the Bandama river mouth in Grand-Lahou (Côte d'Ivoire). At the interface water-sediment channels and shallows appear, covered respectively by fine and medium sands. Topographic surveys conducted from 1989 to 1993 show significant migration of the river mouth from east to west. The average migration rate is about 1.1 meter per mouth. Although for the past two years , a rate of about 3.5 meters per month was observed.

Élevage du silure Heterobranchus longifilis Val. en bassins sans renouvellement d'eau: effets de l'évolution de quelques paramètres chimiques de l'eau sur la croissance et la survie

African catfish (Heterobranchus longifilis Valenciennes, 1840), with a mean weight of 37 g, were raised in 4 m3 concrete tanks, with or without water changes at densities of 10 and 20 fish per m3. The results indicate that, although the low water needs of this catfish offer hope for the productions of 150 tons/hectare/year, water quality must always be monitored.