999 resultados para Analyse de correspondance multiple
Resumo:
Thèse (Méd.) - Université de Lausanne, 1986. - Bibliographie p. 111-121
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We present first results on a method enabling mechanical scanning-free tomography with submicrometer axial resolution by multiple-wavelength digital holographic microscopy. By sequentially acquiring reflection holograms and summing 20 wavefronts equally spaced in spatial frequency in the 485-670 nm range, we are able to achieve a slice-by-slice tomographic reconstruction with a 0.6-1 mum axial resolution in a biological medium. The method is applied to erythrocytes investigation to retrieve the cellular membrane profile in three dimensions.
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De nos jours, les tribunaux se basent couramment sur des résultats d'analyses ADN pour étudier le lien potentiel entre du matériel biologique prélevé sur une scène de crime et un suspect. Malheureusement, plusieurs cas d'erreurs de laboratoire ou de manipulation de traces lors de leur collecte ou de leur transport ont été découverts ces dernières années. Dès lors, quelle est la valeur réelle d'un tel rapprochement entre une trace et un suspect ? Faut-il douter de la fiabilité des analyses ADN ? Et si oui, comment maîtriser le risque sans devoir écarter totalement la preuve ? Le praticien peut rencontrer des difficultés avec ces questions car la littérature existante se limite à mentionner le potentiel d'erreur, sans pour autant fournir des pistes sur la façon de gérer concrètement ce problème. L'objet de la présente contribution est d'examiner ces questions à la lumière d'un arrêt récent du Tribunal pénal fédéral. Nous verrons qu'une approche utile consiste à apprécier le risque d'erreur au cas par cas et de manière concrète, plutôt que de réfléchir de façon globale et abstraite.
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Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) represents an innovative tool in the cancer research pipeline, which is increasingly being used in clinical and pharmaceutical applications. The unique properties of the technique, especially the amount of data generated, make the handling of data from multiple IMS acquisitions challenging. This work presents a histology-driven IMS approach aiming to identify discriminant lipid signatures from the simultaneous mining of IMS data sets from multiple samples. The feasibility of the developed workflow is evaluated on a set of three human colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) tissue sections. Lipid IMS on tissue sections was performed using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS in both negative and positive ionization modes after 1,5-diaminonaphthalene matrix deposition by sublimation. The combination of both positive and negative acquisition results was performed during data mining to simplify the process and interrogate a larger lipidome into a single analysis. To reduce the complexity of the IMS data sets, a sub data set was generated by randomly selecting a fixed number of spectra from a histologically defined region of interest, resulting in a 10-fold data reduction. Principal component analysis confirmed that the molecular selectivity of the regions of interest is maintained after data reduction. Partial least-squares and heat map analyses demonstrated a selective signature of the CRCLM, revealing lipids that are significantly up- and down-regulated in the tumor region. This comprehensive approach is thus of interest for defining disease signatures directly from IMS data sets by the use of combinatory data mining, opening novel routes of investigation for addressing the demands of the clinical setting.