894 resultados para 2D NMR
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An introduction to bacterial polysaccharides and the methods for structural determination are described in the first two parts of the thesis. In a structural elucidation of bacterial polysaccharides NMR experiments are important as is component analysis. A short description of immunochemical methods such as enzyme immunoassays is included. Two NMR techniques used for interaction studies, trNOE and STD NMR, are also discussed. The third part of the thesis discusses and summarizes the results from the included papers. The structures of the exopolysaccharides produced by two lactic acid bacteria are determined by one- and two dimensional NMR experiments. One is a heteropolysaccharide produced by Streptococcus thermophilus and the other a homopolysaccharide produced by Propionibacterium freudenreichii. The structure of an acidic polysaccharide from a marine bacterium with two serine residues in the repeating unit is also investigated. The structural and immunological relationship between two O-antigenic polysaccharides from Escherichia coli strain 180/C3 and O5 is discussed and investigated. Finally, interaction studies of an octasaccharide derived from the Salmonella enteritidis O-antigen and a bacteriophage are described which were performed with NMR experiments.
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[ES]Los Indie games, o videojuegos independientes, son aplicaciones creadas por individuos o pequeños grupos sin apoyo financiero de distribuidores. A menudo se centran en la innovación, y se basan en la distribución digital. En los últimos años han visto un gran aumento principalmente debido a; nuevos métodos de distribución en línea (Steam Greenlight1, Xbox Live2, Playstation Store3, Android Market, Apple Store), nuevas formas de financiación como Kickstarter4 y potentes herramientas gratuitas para el desarrollo. Este proyecto se puede considerar como uno de los primeros pasos en el desarrollo de videojuegos independientes o Indie. Usando SDL como base se pretende diseñar y desarrollar dos prototipos de videojuego, el primero será un clon del conocido Tetris, aprovechando la poca complejidad de las mecánicas del juego para tener un primer contacto con las herramientas. El segundo, de mayor complejidad, se centrará en desarrollar las principales características de un juego tipo plataformas en 2D, del estilo Super Mario, Sonic o los anteriormente mencionados Super Meat Boy y Braid. La Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL) es un conjunto de bibliotecas desarrolladas en el lenguaje de programación C, que proporcionan funciones básicas para realizar operaciones de dibujo en dos dimensiones, gestión de efectos de sonido y música, además de carga y gestión de imágenes. Fueron desarrolladas inicialmente por Sam Lantinga en 1998, en este proyecto se ha usado la versión 1.2.15 y se espera que este año se termine la versión 2.0, el uno de Junio de este año ha alcanzado el estado Release Candidate.
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Máster Universitario en Sistemas Inteligentes y Aplicaciones Numéricas en Ingeniería (SIANI)
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Análisis, diseño, prototipado y desarrollo de un prototipo de videojuego del género plataformas en 2D. El análisis comienza a partir de una idea original, por lo que se incluye un estudio y prototipado de las mecánicas candidatas. Siguiendo los principios de la Ingeniería del Software, se lleva a cabo un documento de diseño y de arquitectura del software. La implementación se desarrolla siguiendo la arquitectura previamente establecida y se han añadido diferentes plataformas de control (mando, teclado y ratón) para enriquecer la experiencia de usuario. El desarrollo de este trabajo incluye un fuerte componente de diseño de videojuegos, incluyendo el estudio de referencias, análisis de mecánicas, evaluación de la experiencia del jugador y diseño de niveles. Nos centraremos en la preproducción de un juego, fase en la que se toman todas las decisiones sobre todos los aspectos finales de un videojuego. Tras un estudio de los motores de videojuego disponibles para el público, se ha utilizado el motor Unity 3D para la implementación final, llevando a cabo el desarrollo en la versión beta de Unity 4.6. A través del motor de videojuego podemos trabajar con animaciones, audio, interfaz, etc. El lenguaje utilizado es C#. Como complemento se incluye un breve estudio de la historia de los videojuegos, los diferentes motores de videojuegos actuales y nociones del diseño de videojuegos.
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[ES]La aplicación de la espectroscopía de resonancia magnética nuclear de protón (1H-NMR) a medios acuosos se hizo posible mediante un aparato AMX 300 MHz (Bruker) a través de un programa de pulsos incluido en el propio software que controla al espectrómetro. Dado que la secuencia de pulsos habitual (PROTON) produce una señal intensa a δ 4.67 debida a la propia agua, se utilizó un programa de pulsos (protonh2o) que la elimina por completo por irradiación a una potencia hl2 de 60 dB. Esto permitió ver y medir las señales correspondientes tanto a los hidratos de carbono como a los alcanoles.
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[ES]En este proyecto la alumna ha desarrollado la demo jugable de un videojuego en 2D con perspectiva top-down. El juego transcurre en un zoológico, con un mono como protagonista, y el objetivo del mismo es lograr escapar al tiempo que se evita a los empleados del zoo. Para conseguir huir, el jugador tendrá que obtener algunos objetos y liberar a otros animales. En la propia demo se pueden consultar los controles y las distintas opciones disponibles. Para la creación del juego se ha utilizado el motor de juegos Unity 5 (edición personal) y recursos obtenidos de diversas fuentes de contenido gratuito.
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[EN]Here we present experimental data of different properties for a set of binary mixtures composed of water or alkanols (methanol to butanol) with an ionic liquid (IL), butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate [bpy][BF4]. Solubility data (xIL,T) are presented for each of the mixtures, including water, which is found to have a small interval of compositions in IL, xIL, with immiscibility. In each case, the upper critical solubility temperature (UCST) is determined and a correlation was observed between the UCST and the nature of the compounds in the mixtures. Miscibility curves establish the composition and temperature intervals where thermodynamic properties of the mixtures, such as enthalpies Hm E and volumes Vm E, can be determined.
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[EN]This work studies the binaries of 1-butyl-X-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate [bXmpy][BF4] (X = 2, 3, and 4) with four 1,ω-dichloroalkanes, ω = 1−4, using the results obtained for the mixing properties hE and v E at two temperatures. The three isomers of the ionic liquid (IL) are weakly miscible with the 1,ω-dichloroalkanes when ω ≥ 5 and moderately soluble for ω = 4. The vE s of all the binaries present contractive effects, v E < 0, which are more pronounced with increasing temperature; the variation in vE with ω is positive, although this changes after ω = 4 due to problems of immiscibility
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Máster Universitario en Sistemas Inteligentes y Aplicaciones Numéricas en Ingeniería (SIANI)
A 2D BEM-FEM approach for time harmonic fluid-structure interaction analysis of thin elastic bodies.
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[EN]This paper deals with two-dimensional time harmonic fluid-structure interaction problems when the fluid is at rest, and the elastic bodies have small thicknesses. A BEM-FEM numerical approach is used, where the BEM is applied to the fluid, and the structural FEM is applied to the thin elastic bodies.
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[EN]We present a new strategy, based on the idea of the meccano method and a novel T-mesh optimization procedure, to construct a T-spline parameterization of 2D geometries for the application of isogeometric analysis. The proposed method only demands a boundary representation of the geometry as input data. The algorithm obtains, as a result, high quality parametric transformation between 2D objects and the parametric domain, the unit square. First, we define a parametric mapping between the input boundary of the object and the boundary of the parametric domain. Then, we build a T-mesh adapted to the geometric singularities of the domain in order to preserve the features of the object boundary with a desired tolerance...
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The study of protein fold is a central problem in life science, leading in the last years to several attempts for improving our knowledge of the protein structures. In this thesis this challenging problem is tackled by means of molecular dynamics, chirality and NMR studies. In the last decades, many algorithms were designed for the protein secondary structure assignment, which reveals the local protein shape adopted by segments of amino acids. In this regard, the use of local chirality for the protein secondary structure assignment was demonstreted, trying to correlate as well the propensity of a given amino acid for a particular secondary structure. The protein fold can be studied also by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) investigations, finding the average structure adopted from a protein. In this context, the effect of Residual Dipolar Couplings (RDCs) in the structure refinement was shown, revealing a strong improvement of structure resolution. A wide extent of this thesis is devoted to the study of avian prion protein. Prion protein is the main responsible of a vast class of neurodegenerative diseases, known as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), present in mammals, but not in avian species and it is caused from the conversion of cellular prion protein to the pathogenic misfolded isoform, accumulating in the brain in form of amiloyd plaques. In particular, the N-terminal region, namely the initial part of the protein, is quite different between mammal and avian species but both of them contain multimeric sequences called Repeats, octameric in mammals and hexameric in avians. However, such repeat regions show differences in the contained amino acids, in particular only avian hexarepeats contain tyrosine residues. The chirality analysis of avian prion protein configurations obtained from molecular dynamics reveals a high stiffness of the avian protein, which tends to preserve its regular secondary structure. This is due to the presence of prolines, histidines and especially tyrosines, which form a hydrogen bond network in the hexarepeat region, only possible in the avian protein, and thus probably hampering the aggregation.
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[EN]We present a new method, based on the idea of the meccano method and a novel T-mesh optimization procedure, to construct a T-spline parameterization of 2D geometries for the application of isogeometric analysis. The proposed method only demands a boundary representation of the geometry as input data. The algorithm obtains, as a result, high quality parametric transformation between 2D objects and the parametric domain, the unit square. First, we define a parametric mapping between the input boundary of the object and the boundary of the parametric domain. Then, we build a T-mesh adapted to the geometric singularities of the domain in order to preserve the features of the object boundary with a desired tolerance…