855 resultados para Servicio civil-México


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This study, "Civil Rights on the Cell Block: Race, Reform, and Violence in Texas Prisons and the Nation, 1945-1990," offers a new perspective on the historical origins of the modern prison industrial complex, sexual violence in working-class culture, and the ways in which race shaped the prison experience. This study joins new scholarship that reperiodizes the Civil Rights era while also considering how violence and radicalism shaped the civil rights struggle. It places the criminal justice system at the heart of both an older racial order and within a prison-made civil rights movement that confronted the prison's power to deny citizenship and enforce racial hierarchies. By charting the trajectory of the civil rights movement in Texas prisons, my dissertation demonstrates how the internal struggle over rehabilitation and punishment shaped civil rights, racial formation, and the political contest between liberalism and conservatism. This dissertation offers a close case study of Texas, where the state prison system emerged as a national model for penal management. The dissertation begins with a hopeful story of reform marked by an apparently successful effort by the State of Texas to replace its notorious 1940s plantation/prison farm system with an efficient, business-oriented agricultural enterprise system. When this new system was fully operational in the 1960s, Texas garnered plaudits as a pioneering, modern, efficient, and business oriented Sun Belt state. But this reputation of competence and efficiency obfuscated the reality of a brutal system of internal prison management in which inmates acted as guards, employing coercive means to maintain control over the prisoner population. The inmates whom the prison system placed in charge also ran an internal prison economy in which money, food, human beings, reputations, favors, and sex all became commodities to be bought and sold. I analyze both how the Texas prison system managed to maintain its high external reputation for so long in the face of the internal reality and how that reputation collapsed when inmates, inspired by the Civil Rights Movement, revolted. My dissertation shows that this inmate Civil Rights rebellion was a success in forcing an end to the existing system but a failure in its attempts to make conditions in Texas prisons more humane. The new Texas prison regime, I conclude, utilized paramilitary practices, privatized prisons, and gang-related warfare to establish a new system that focused much more on law and order in the prisons than on the legal and human rights of prisoners. Placing the inmates and their struggle at the heart of the national debate over rights and "law and order" politics reveals an inter-racial social justice movement that asked the courts to reconsider how the state punished those who committed a crime while also reminding the public of the inmates' humanity and their constitutional rights.

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This dissertation explores a method of teaching the history of Civil War music and musicians through modern full-band editions of original brass band music. In the study of music history the period of the Civil War is rarely discussed, or at best, mentioned only if a student takes a specific course on the history of bands and happens to look deeply into the background of some of the early band pioneers such as Patrick Gilmore, who served in the Union Army as a bandmaster. The history of the musicians, bands, and music performed during the Civil War deserves study to provide a way for students and audiences to learn this history. This project includes lesson plans that can be used with the arrangements of the period music as well as select published music that is also representative of the period. Included with the historical information are four arrangements of original brass band music now scored for full concert band. Each arrangement includes a section scored for brass only with optional brass band parts. Historical information is provided on the Civil War period bands and how each side used them, on the composers of the music, and also on the individual compositions. The historical information can be used to supplement the lesson plans to teach the history, as well as for program notes for audiences. The research involved locating information on both Union and Confederate bands available in books, other dissertations, articles, and interviews with Civil War music historians. The original brass band music is scored for full band. This method will allow teachers and conductors to highlight this period of wind band history and to share it with both students and audiences. Included with this project are photos and video footage taken during a visit with the 1st Brigade Band of Watertown, Wisconsin, an historical organization dedicated to recreating the music and performances of an actual Civil War era band.

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We investigate the relationship between exposure to conflict and poverty dynamics over time, using original three-waves panel data for Burundi which tracked individuals and reported local-level violence exposure from 1998 to 2012. Firstly, the data reveal that headcount poverty has not changed since 1998 while we observe multiple transitions into and out of poverty. Moreover, households exposed to the war exhibit a lower level of welfare than non-exposed households, with the difference between the two groups predicted to remain significant at least until 2017, i.e. twelve years after the conflict termination. The correlation between violence exposure and deprivation over time is confirmed in a household-level panel setting. Secondly, our empirical investigation shows how violence exposure over different time spans interacts with households' subsequent welfare. Our analysis of the determinants of households' likelihood to switch poverty status (i.e. to fall into poverty or escape poverty) combined with quantile regressions suggest that, (i) exposure during the first phase of the conflict has affected the entire distribution, and (ii) exposure during the second phase of the conflict has mostly affected the upper tail of the distribution: initially non-poor households have a higher propensity to fall into poverty while initially poor households see their propensity to pull through only slightly decrease with recent exposure to violence. Although not directly testable with the data at hand, these results are consistent with the changing nature of violence in the course of the Burundi civil war, from relatively more labour-destructive to relatively more capital-destructive.

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La agriculturización y la estructura del paisaje pueden alterar la calidad del servicio de polinización a nivel de comunidad. Para evaluar esta premisa, se compararon áreas agriculturizadas con áreas recuperadas tras la supresión prolongada de la agricultura, en tres sitios de la región pampeana sujetos a diferentes manejos agronómicos e inmersos en paisajes de diferente nivel de estructura. En cada sitio se relevaron las plantas entomófilas, se capturaron sus visitantes florales, y se cuantificaron diversos aspectos de la interacción entre ambos gremios mutualistas. Para evaluar el servicio de polinización se describieron las redes planta-visitante floral y las redes de transporte de polen, y se cuantificó la deposición de polen sobre los estigmas. Además se evaluó de qué manera estas variables son afectadas por el grado de complejidad del paisaje circundante. Cuando el manejo agronómico predominante fue la agricultura, las redes de interacciones de los fragmentos agriculturizados tuvieron menor riqueza de visitantes florales que las de los recuperados, mientras que bajo ganadería se encontró mayor riqueza de plantas entomófilas en los fragmentos agriculturizados que en los recuperados. Las redes planta-polinizador de los fragmentos recuperados resultaron más especializadas que las de los agriculturizados. En fragmentos recuperados los visitantes florales transportaron mayor cantidad de granos de polen que en los agriculturizados, y el polen de plantas exóticas superó al de las nativas. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias entre tipos de fragmentos en la magnitud del servicio de polinización agriculturizados la calidad del servicio (deposición de polen heteroespecífico sobre el estigma) fue menor. Finalmente, se encontró que la estructura del paisaje modula de manera diferencial el servicio de polinización y la riqueza de plantas y visitantes florales.

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El propósito de este trabajo es presentar una investigación de campo de tipo descriptiva en donde el empleo del geoplano como recurso didáctico contribuyó de manera positiva en la comprensión de objetos geométricos estudiados en la clase matemática. Teniendo que una de las tareas del profesor de matemáticas es conseguir que sus estudiantes comprendan los diversos conceptos que están en juego, no de una forma mecánica, sino que puedan operar con ellos en diversos contextos. (Serrazina y Matos, 1968). La intención de este modesto trabajo es ayudar a los docentes en servicio a la hora de escoger recursos didácticos y elaborar actividades que favorezcan la comprensión en los estudiantes. Este trabajo se efectúo a la luz de los niveles de Van Hiele. Se realizó en un Liceo ubicado en el Municipio Zamora del Estado Miranda con estudiantes pertenecientes a primer año de educación media general, durante el período académico 2010-2011. Se obtuvo que la mayoría de los estudiantes se ubican en el nivel de análisis del modelo antes nombrado.

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Con el objetivo de integrar la diversidad en el aula, a nivel mundial se reconoce ampliamente la importancia de dar respuesta a las necesidades de un grupo muy especial de la población, aquellos estudiantes que destacan de alguna forma dentro del contexto escolar. En México estos estudiantes están considerados dentro de la población con necesidades educativas especiales y requieren de una atención educativa especial de tal forma que puedan desarrollar al máximo sus capacidades.

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Diferentes corrientes teóricas han intentado conocer cuáles son los factores que inciden en los procesos educativos, cuál es su relevancia y cómo podrían ser modificadas con la finalidad de obtener una mejor calidad en la educación. Fortalecer esta corriente de investigación en México es imprescindible. El objetivo de este trabajo es, identificar factores individuales, familiares y escolares incidentes en el nivel de logro académico en matemáticas de estudiantes de tercer año de secundaria. Se analizaran los resultados del examen de matemáticas propuesto por la Evaluación Nacional de Logro Académico en Centros Escolares (ENLACE). También se estudiaran los resultados de los cuestionarios de contexto que se aplicaron a una muestra representativa de estudiantes a sus profesores y a sus padres. Para ello se hará uso de Minería de Datos con el objetivo de encontrar relaciones ocultas entre las variables, sacar conclusiones y generar conocimiento a partir de estas.

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Este trabajo es parte de una investigación que estudia prácticas de modelación en diversos escenarios con la intención de analizar las herramientas que surgen en este proceso. Se reportan experiencias con estudiantes, de nivel medio superior y superior de México y Chile, respectivamente, que participaron en puestas en escena de un diseño de aprendizaje basado en la modelación lineal. Sus producciones muestran argumentos, herramientas y procedimientos que utilizan al modelar, su análisis presenta invariantes y particularidades que exhiben el rol del estudiante en cada escenario. El trabajo se enmarca en la socioepistemología como perspectiva teórica.

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This article provides an analysis of resistance to neoliberalism and commodification in the public healthcare sector as seen from a trade union perspective. It uses recent research on social-movement unionism and new labour internationalism to structure a series of case studies examining resistance to different dimensions of healthcare commodification in four countries. The range of alliances trade unions are making do not fit tidily into one model, but give insights into the movement elements of trade unionism. This dimension must be strengthened, but can also be in tension with collective bargaining and other institutional processes. How to constantly reconcile these different positions is the future challenge facing trade unions.

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Se expone una fundamentación teórica, lógica y metodológica de tres modelos semióticos: los elementos y funciones de la comunicación de Jakobson; el modelo actancial de Greimas; y los mundos: real, referencia y posible de Eco, aplicados al análisis de poesía narrativa popular difundida en distintos formatos audiovisuales.

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There is a collective worldview on social policies that is expressed and understood by university professionals. However, it takes students time to construct this knowledge. Here, we provide fundamental ideas and a dynamic to facilitate learning of social policies. The preparation of a brief dictionary of significant terms is to be constructed as a group, alongside the maieutic work to be carried out by the teacher. The goal is to discover keys to understand the meaning of social policies and the underlying values that sustain a social and democratic rule-of-law state such as the one proposed in the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Attention is focused on the structure of the mixed welfare state. This is an integral proposal and comprises three dimensions. First, it considers the state and its possible welfare agents: business, market, the Church and civil society. The attitudes with which universal and inclusive social action is promoted, breaking radically with the aid-based meaning contained in other systems, are then addressed. Finally, we examine human dignity as a principle and aim of intervention, a basis for understanding other concepts such as human, social, labour and political rights. It is to be hoped that these pages prove useful for both teaching staff and students.

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2015 se recordará como el gran año del cambio en los medios de comunicación, especialmente para la prensa. A lo largo del mismo se ha llevado a cabo una enconada lucha entre los editores y Google News, a la que se han sumado Yahoo News, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc., para determinar quién debe pagar por los contenidos, quién los creará, quién los distribuirá y quién y cómo los leerá. Nuevos pactos para nuevos lectores. Nuevos acuerdos para reflotar económicamente la prensa. Y todo ello bajo el paraguas de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual en España y otras similares que se irán publicando o adaptando en Europa. Se ofrece un estudio y análisis de la situación previa al establecimiento de dicha ley y las consecuencias de su aplicación.