Melhoria do Design de Calçado numa Perspectiva Inclusiva

O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de questionar a relação entre a parte estética do calçado semi-ortopédico e as emoções que esta provoca nos utilizadores. Neste caso o público-alvo é o sexo feminino, uma vez que durante a investigação foi percetível que as patologias que causam alterações fisiológicas são mais incidentes nas mulheres. Neste tipo de problemas o pé deve ser bem protegido para evitar deformações e traumatismos que possam trazer graves consequências, tornando-se necessário a utilização de calçado especializado. Contudo, é comum as utilizadoras aderirem com muitas reticências a este tipo de calçado, por serem impedidas de construírem o seu estilo pessoal. Como é do nosso conhecimento a parte estética tem um grande poder sobre o consumidor, já que a primeira impressão e o simbolismo associado ao produto provocam uma emoção, o que o faz querer adquirir ou rejeitar o produto. Logo, para se projetar a parte estética de qualquer produto tem que se considerar fatores como, a necessidade, o perfil do consumidor, cultura e a situação económica. O conjunto de conhecimentos adquiridos permite criar um produto apelativo para determinado público-alvo, assim revela- se importante o valor que o Design emocional pode acrescentar ao calçado semi-ortopédico, já que despertar emoções positivas nas utilizadoras é fundamental para a sua autoestima. O fator moda é outro aspeto que não é tradicional neste calçado, agravando o estigma a ele associado. Assim propõe-se um produto universal e inclusivo que seja discretamente adaptável a qualquer utilizadora, com ou sem alguma patologia. A intenção é disponibilizar uma gama de calçado semi-ortopédico preventivo, com características que permitam às utilizadoras alterar a estética deste consoante a sua preferência e estilo.

Estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) sobre o córtex motor na modulação autonômica em pessoas com lesão medular com diferentes graus e níveis de lesão

Introduction: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been used in studies for the treatment of chronic pain, but their effects on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are non-existent. Therefore, the need for studies is of fundamental importance, as these individuals have autonomic imbalance and the intensity of this is dependent on the degree and level of injury. Objective: We investigated the effect of tDCS on the ANS in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) with different degrees and levels of injury. Methods: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, applied anodal tDCS or sham on the primary motor cortex (M1), bilaterally. The subjects (lower incomplete injury, n = 7; lower complete injury, n = 9; and high complete thoracic injury, n = 3) visited the laboratory three times and received active or sham tDCS for 13min. The heart rate variability (HRV) was measured before, during and after stimulation and analyzed the variables LF, HF and LF / HF. Results: The tDCS modulated the ANS in different ways among the groups. In individuals with SCI high complete thoracic the tDCS did not change the HRV. However, for individuals with SCI low incomplete, tDCS changed the HRV in order to increase sympathetic (LF, p = 0.046) and reduced parasympathetic (HF, p = 0.046). For individuals SCI low complete to tDCS changed the HRV reduction sympathetic (LF, p = 0.017) and increased parasympathetic (HF, p = 0.017). Conclusions: The present study suggests that anodal tDCS applied on the motor cortex bilaterally could modulate the ANS balance in people with spinal cord injury and that this effect is dependent on the degree and level of injury.

A fiscalização do exercício profissional no Conselho Regional de Enfermagem do Rio Grande do Norte: um debate ético

The present investigation had as its study subject the history of professional monitoring, at the Regional Nursing Council of Rio Grande do Norte (Coren-RN). It assumes that the fiscalization by the Council is an important tool for improving the quality of nursing care. This study aims to analyze the history of monitoring of the nursing profession in Rio Grande do Norte, in the period from 1993 to 2013. It was marked in the ethical-philosophical contribution of Fourez and Vázquez. This is a study of social history, descriptive and analytical, with a qualitative approach, using the methods of documentary research and the technique of oral history. It had the Coren-RN as locus of the empirical research, with its documents and the participation of inspectors and presidents. The history of monitoring was built based on documents and interviews with those who lived through this path. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UFRN as Opinion 562 400/2014 (CAAE: 25452113.7.0000.5537). The results indicate that the Coren-RN, during these twenty years faced many difficulties such as the shortage of inspectors, the precarious reality of most health services, lack of professional qualification, the illegality of professional practice and structural deficiency in the institution. Nevertheless, it must be recognized that the monitoring process exercised by the Council, has evolved over the years. This evolution is expressed in increasing the number of inspectors, in the acquisition of a new seat and three vehicles, the creation of the subsections in the cities of Natal, Caicó and Pau dos Ferros, the referral of ethical procedures, among other achievements. Similarly, it is registered an improvement in the credibility of nursing professionals and other regulatory agencies. In summary, the monitoring as core activity of the Council is going through a process of transformation, in order to make the dialogue between the disciplinary design and the pedagogical design, in defense of nursing care quality. Therefore, it is an unfinished process, in continuous construction.

Abordagem da ergonomia para avaliação do treinamento simulado das equipes de resposta à emergência em lançamentos de veículos aeroespaciais

This dissertation introduces a study that aims to analyze the simulated training of emergency teams and proposes recommendations for the current training system in order to improve the collective skills and resilience of these teams when facing possible critical situations, triggered by possible accident occurrences during aerospace vehicle launching operations in the Barreira do Inferno Launch Center in Parnamirim / RN. This is a field, exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, and a case study with a qualitative approach. Therefore, we adopted the ergonomics approach, using the situated method of ergonomic work analysis (AET), combining observational and interactive methods. The relevance of this research is characterized by the contributions to minimize the human and material hazzards resulting from possible accidents in these operations, the scientific contribution of the AET for simulated emergency training analysis in the launching operations of aerospace vehicles - which are complex and involve risk of accidents - and consequently, the scientific contribution to the current process of recovering the Brazilian Space Program. The survey results point to problems of various kinds in the current simulated training system which compromise the safety of the operations. These problems are grouped into four categories: technological, organizational, team training and from the activity itself, regarding more specifically communication and cooperation (among the team members and these ones with other sectors involved in the launching operation) and regarding the coordination of actions. We propose: a) a new training model, from the creation and application of scenarios based on postulated abnormalities, which could simulate real critical situations, in order to train and improve the skills of the emergency response teams especially in terms of communication, coordination and cooperation; b) restructuring and reorganizing the current training system, based on the formal establishment of a managing staff, on the clear division of responsibilities, on the standardization of processes, on the production of management indicators, on the continuous monitoring, on the feedback from trainees about the quality of the training and on the continuing and frequent training of emergency teams.

Avaliação do acesso aos serviços de reabilitação física para vítimas de acidentes de trânsito: caminhos para melhoria da qualidade do sistema de saúde

The Physical Rehabilitation services (PR) are of fundamental importance in combating the global epidemic of Traffic Accidents (TA). Considering the numerous physical and social consequences of the survivors, quality problems in access to PR are a hazard to recovery of victims. It is necessary to improve the management of quality of services, assessing priority dimensions and intervening in their causes, to ensure rehabilitation available in time and suitable conditions. This study aimed to identify barriers to access to rehabilitation considering the perception of TA victims and professionals. The aim is also to estimate the access to rehabilitation and their associated factors. This is a qualitative and quantitative study of exploratory nature developed in Natal / RN with semi-structured interviews with 19 health professionals and telephone survey to 155 victims of traffic accidents. To explore barriers to access the speeches were transcribed and analyzed using the Alceste software (version 4.9). During the interviews used the following guiding question: “What barriers hinder or prevent access to physical rehabilitation for victims of traffic accidents?”. The names of classes and axes resulting from Alceste was performed by ad hoc query to three external researchers with subsequent consensus of the most representative name of analysis. We conducted multivariate analysis of the influence of the variables of the accident, sociodemographic, clinical and assistance on access to rehabilitation. Associations with p <0.20 in the bivariate analysis were submitted to logistic regression, step by step, with p <0.05 and confidence interval (CI) of 95%. The main barriers identified were: “Bureaucratic regulation”, “Long time to start rehabilitation”, “No post-surgery referral” and “inefficiency of public services”. These barriers were divided into a theoretical model built from the cause-effect diagram, in which we observed that insufficient access to rehabilitation is the product of causes related to organizational structure, work processes, professional and patients. Was constructed two logistic regression models: “General access to rehabilitation” and “Access to rehabilitation to public service”. 51.6% of patients had access to rehabilitation, and 32.9% in public and 17.9% in the private sector. The regression model “General access to rehabilitation” included the variables Income (OR:3.7), Informal Employment (OR:0.11), Unemployment (OR:0.15), Perceived Need for PR (OR:10) and Referral (OR: 27.5). The model “Access to rehabilitation in the public service” was represented by the “Referral to Public Service” (OR: 23.0) and “Private Health Plan” (OR: 0.07). Despite the known influence of social determinants on access to health services, a situation difficult to control by the public administration, this study found that the organizational and bureaucratic procedures established in health care greatly determine access to rehabilitation. Access difficulties show the seriousness of the problem and the factors suggest the need for improvements in comprehensive care for TA survivors and avoid unnecessary prolongation of the suffering of the victims of this epidemic.

Estratégia de capacitação pedagógica do residente: uma perspectiva para melhoria do ensino na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Studies have shown that resident informally plays the role of teacher. It is estimated that up to 25% of the residents of the time is devoted to teaching, mainly contributing as a facilitator, however, almost the entire medical residency programs in Brazil did not offer teacher training during residency education. This paper aims to introduce educational content initiation to teaching as part of the training of resident physician inserted in residency program of the University Hospital Onofre Lopes (HUOL). It is an exploratory, descriptive and prospective study in HUOL the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Three steps were developed: preparation and planning of a pedagogic course, associated with a motivating technical content (basic and advanced life support); second stage, testing of pedagogical model for medical students; and finally, replication to residents. The interventions were made two practice stations life support with performance evaluation in practical activity through OSPE (Objective Structured Practical Examination). The techniques presented teachings were one-minute preceptor and feedback. Data collection was conducted through a structured evaluation form during the life support stations and at the end of the course, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the feedback and one minute preceptor were considered important for teaching and learning for more than 85% of participants. The feedback from evaluators practices stations added information about the performance and were held appreciatively way, according to 100% of the participants. Positive aspects highlighted by the participants were related to educational content, especially the participants of the first intervention. The time of the lectures of motivating technical content was the most repeated negative. Based on the good acceptance of pedagogical contents, this pioneer teacher training strategy was included in the formal residency program in Cardiology of our institution. It is considered therefore that the educational training model with motivating technical content was feasible and had a good evaluation and acceptance by most participants in both interventions. Thus, we believe that the educational content can be inserted in the formal curriculum of medical residency of other programs at HUOL through the training model developed in this study.

Estratégia de capacitação pedagógica do residente: uma perspectiva para melhoria do ensino na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Studies have shown that resident informally plays the role of teacher. It is estimated that up to 25% of the residents of the time is devoted to teaching, mainly contributing as a facilitator, however, almost the entire medical residency programs in Brazil did not offer teacher training during residency education. This paper aims to introduce educational content initiation to teaching as part of the training of resident physician inserted in residency program of the University Hospital Onofre Lopes (HUOL). It is an exploratory, descriptive and prospective study in HUOL the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Three steps were developed: preparation and planning of a pedagogic course, associated with a motivating technical content (basic and advanced life support); second stage, testing of pedagogical model for medical students; and finally, replication to residents. The interventions were made two practice stations life support with performance evaluation in practical activity through OSPE (Objective Structured Practical Examination). The techniques presented teachings were one-minute preceptor and feedback. Data collection was conducted through a structured evaluation form during the life support stations and at the end of the course, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the feedback and one minute preceptor were considered important for teaching and learning for more than 85% of participants. The feedback from evaluators practices stations added information about the performance and were held appreciatively way, according to 100% of the participants. Positive aspects highlighted by the participants were related to educational content, especially the participants of the first intervention. The time of the lectures of motivating technical content was the most repeated negative. Based on the good acceptance of pedagogical contents, this pioneer teacher training strategy was included in the formal residency program in Cardiology of our institution. It is considered therefore that the educational training model with motivating technical content was feasible and had a good evaluation and acceptance by most participants in both interventions. Thus, we believe that the educational content can be inserted in the formal curriculum of medical residency of other programs at HUOL through the training model developed in this study.

A supervisão e orientação pedagógica de educadores e professores em São Tomé e Princípe : proposta de um programa de desenvolvimento profissional

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Santarém para obtenção do grau de mestre em Ciências de Educação na especialização de Supervisão e Orientação Pedagógica

O papel do líder na melhoria da escola

Na primeira parte do trabalho, procuramos entender a problemática da liderança numa contextualização organizacional e a importância de alguns instrumentos utilizados para levar a cabo a tarefa de dirigir uma organização, no caso um agrupamento de escolas. Posteriormente, contextualizada a organização em estudo e definidas as opções metodológicas do estudo, analisam-se e comentam-se as respostas dadas nas entrevistas realizadas a um grupo de elementos da comunidade educativa tendo como objetivo perceber a sua perceção em relação a gestão e liderança do agrupamento. No seguimento desta analise e comentário fazemos propostas de melhoria nos aspetos considerados menos fortes ou a necessitar de uma evolução positiva. Deve referir-se que toda a conjuntura de análise, avaliação e propostas passam por considerar, unicamente, as matérias que dependem no atual quadro legal exclusivamente do líder, neste caso, do diretor, uma vez que em todas as outras não pode o líder ser determinante na sua implementação.

Formação contínua de professores como fator de infoinclusão na gestão escolar: um estudo de caso

Esta investigação pretende encontrar pistas para reflexão, num contexto restrito, sobre uma questão premente: Qual o impacto da Formação Contínua em TIC (nível 1 e nível 2) na profissão docente, no âmbito dos procedimentos administrativos da Escola? Auscultámos uma amostra que nos forneceu informação para levarmos a cabo o nosso estudo de caso. Ao inserirmos a nossa pesquisa num paradigma quantitativo, procedemos a um estudo descritivo, baseado em inquéritos. Difundimos o nosso questionário por Internet e tratamos a informação recolhida, recorrendo à análise estatística.

A Liderança positiva e a supervisão partilhada na melhoria do clima organizacional escolar

Pretende-se com esta pesquisa empírica comprovar que a enfatização de técnicas de liderança positiva, baseadas nas teorias da Psicologia Positiva, e o uso da Inteligência Emocional, assim como da Supervisão Partilhada, entendida como uma prática formativa e colaborativa, podem efetivamente motivar o aperfeiçoamento do desempenho dos membros da organização escolar. Com esse aperfeiçoamento do desempenho docente, e consequente melhoria do clima organizacional, ambiciona-se naturalmente desenvolver a própria organização-escola e sua prestação de serviços. Esta pesquisa incide essencialmente na liderança intermédia, designada nas escolas por coordenações, e no papel que a motivação e a satisfação no trabalho terão nas funções de liderança e de supervisão. Um questionário foi aplicado a coordenadores e ex-coordenadores tratando três parâmetros: relação com a liderança de topo, exercício das funções de liderança intermédia e clima organizacional. Depois de uma primeira análise dos resultados, foram também realizadas entrevistas para melhor os contextualizar na realidade escolar. Comprovou-se que a forma como a liderança de topo se relaciona com a liderança intermédia e esta com os seus colaboradores e colegas contribui para um bom clima organizacional. No entanto, a motivação e satisfação no trabalho estão também relacionados com fatores externos à organização-escola e muito dependentes das opções da tutela.