Frequency of Low-level Mosaicism in X-Cromosome in Couples with Antecedent of Recurrent Miscarriages

Recurrent miscarriage occurs in around 1 to 7 percent of couples. The etiology involves genetic, immunologic, anatomic, hormonal, metabolic, thrombophilic and infectious factors. With the aim of establishing the frequency of low-level mosaicism in the X-chromosome, in a population of couples with prior recurrent miscarriages, a prospective case-control cytogenetic study took place on 20 couples, at the biogenetic laboratory in CECOLFES (Colombian Center of Fertility and Sterility). Clinical pathologic evaluation, anatomic, hormonal, infectious, andrologic and genetic studies were performed. As a conventional method in cytogenetic techniques, banding GTG was used for the study of structural and numeric chromosomal abnormalities whereas the molecular method of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) was used to confirm the mosaicism in sexual chromosomes. According to paraclinic results from the participating couples, diagnosis showed immunologic (75%), anatomic (30%), hormonal (25%), male (25%), infectious (25%), genetic (15%) and idiophatic factors (10%). Results from the cytogenetic analysis, were 10% of low-level mosaicism in the X-chromosome in two women whose final diagnosis included genetic and infectious factors for one and genetic and immunologic factors for the other. Only 10 % of the total miscarriages from the couples were evaluated. Conclusions include aspects such as multifactorial evidence of pathogenesis in recurrent miscarriage, the sub-diagnosis of genetic factors and the need to focus future investigations on cytogenetic interpretation and the clinicalpathological association between low-level mosaicism in the X-cromosome and recurrent miscarriage.

Statistical inference for testing Gini coefficients: an application for Colombia

This paper uses Colombian household survey data collected over the period 1984-2005 to estimate Gini coe¢ cients along with their corresponding standard errors. We Önd a statistically signiÖcant increase in wage income inequality following the adoption of the liberalisation measures of the early 1990s, and mixed evidence during the recovery years that followed the economic recession of the late 1990s. We also Önd that in several cases the observed di§erences in the Gini coe¢ cients across cities have not been statistically signiÖcant.

La Piti i la mel. 'Piti y la miel'.

Las imágenes están acompañadas por música y se explica el proceso mediante el diálogo entre una marioneta y el apicultor

Les abelles de la mel : quaderns de treball per a l'alumne. 'Las abejas de la miel : cuadernos de trabajo para el alumno'.

Material complementario del taller para escolares que se organiza en el museo con el mismo nombre. Consta de seis ejercicios para conocer el mundo de las abejas. Su morfología, fisiología, comportamiento y los diversos estados de desarrollo desde la larva hasta la abeja adulta. Incluye además un guión para trabajar en el centro educativo que proporciona tanto al alumnado como el profesorado la posibilidad de continuar trabajando el tema de las abejas.

Syllable-frequency effect in visual word recognition : evidence or sequential-type processing. 'El efecto de frecuencia silábica en el reconcimiento visual de palabras : evidencia de un proceso secuencial tipo'.

Resumen tomado de la revista

Syllable frequency effects in Spanish handwriting production. 'Efectos de la frecuencia silábica en la producción escrita del español'.

Resumen en español. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

El perro color mel??n

Se refleja el problema del abandono de animales dom??sticos. Se trata de una iniciativa educativa, que pretende ense??ar el respeto hacia los animales, a identificarse con los sentimientos de los otros y estimular la tolerancia por lo diferente y la solidaridad con los m??s d??biles. El cuento permite trabajar el lenguaje oral, la expresi??n de sentimientos, el cuidado por los animales y el respeto a los dem??s por encima de las diferencias.

El perro de color mel??n en el veterinario

Se trata de educar a los menores sobre las obligaciones que conlleva la tenencia de un animal de compa????a, que les facilitar?? la formaci??n de un car??cter responsable y solidario con las necesidades de los m??s d??biles. Se relata c??mo la convivencia entre ni??os y animales dom??sticos est?? relacionada con experiencias educativas y se se??ala que la aceptaci??n de lo diferente es esencial para que los ni??os crezcan en entornos amables en los que puedan desarrollarse como personas tolerantes y equilibradas.

Nuclear relaxation contribution to static and dynamic (infinite frequency approximation) nonlinear optical properties by means of electrical property expansions: Application to HF, CH4, CF4, and SF6

Electrical property derivative expressions are presented for the nuclear relaxation contribution to static and dynamic (infinite frequency approximation) nonlinear optical properties. For CF4 and SF6, as opposed to HF and CH4, a term that is quadratic in the vibrational anharmonicity (and not previously evaluated for any molecule) makes an important contribution to the static second vibrational hyperpolarizability of CF4 and SF6. A comparison between calculated and experimental values for the difference between the (anisotropic) Kerr effect and electric field induced second-harmonic generation shows that, at the Hartree-Fock level, the nuclear relaxation/infinite frequency approximation gives the correct trend (in the series CH4, CF4, SF6) but is of the order of 50% too small

The effect of nonlinear frequency compression and linear frequency transposition on speech perception in school-aged children

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether nonlinear frequency compression and linear transposition algorithms provide speech perception benefit in school-aged children.

Speech intelligibility in noise-induced hearing loss: effects of high-frequency compensation

This dissertation examines the frequency response that results in the maximum level of speech intelligibility for persons with noise-induced hearing loss.

A comparison of the QuickSIN and TEN tests: two recent tests designed to predict patient benefit from high frequency amplification

This paper presents a comparison of two tests designed to predict which hearing impaired patients may benefit from high frequency amplification.

Efficacy of high-frequency tympanometry in infants birth to six months of age: A pilot study

The purpose of this study was to assess the use of 1 kHz tympanometry in young infants. A larger sample will be needed to develop definitive norms and determine the sensitivity and specificity of 1 kHz tympanometry for middle ear pathology in young infants.

Are distortion levels a problem with digital signal processing hearing aids and frequency modulation (FM) systems?

The purpose of this study was to examine objective and subjective distortion present when frequency modulation (FM) systems were coupled with four digital signal processing (DSP) hearing aids. Electroacoustic analysis and subjective listening tests by experienced audiologists revealed that distortion levels varied across hearing aids and channels.

Development of a high-frequency hearing loss questionnaire for children

The "Pediatric Assessment of Hearing" questionnaire was developed to evaluate how children with high-frequency hearing loss perform in various listening conditions.