Evaluating methods for the isolation of marine-derived fungal strains and production of bioactive secondary metabolites

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci for white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) and cross-amplification in collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Isolation and characterization of 11 microsatellite loci from cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) and cross-amplification in other Ardeidae species

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Isolation and molecular identification of wine yeasts from a Brazilian vineyard

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Isolation and characterization of latent and active polyphenoloxidase in BRS Clara (CNPUV 154-147 x Centennial seedless) and BRS Morena (Marroo seedless x Centennial seedless) seedless table grapes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Social isolation and aggressiveness in the Amazonian juvenile fish Astronotus ocellatus

Testamos o efeito do isolamento social sobre a agressividade no peixe amazônico, Astronotus ocellatus. Dez peixes juvenis foram transferidos de um aquário de agrupamento (60 x 60 x 40 cm) contendo 15 indivíduos (sem discriminação de sexo) para um aquário de isolamento (50 x 40 x 40 cm). A agressividade foi testada por meio de ataques e exibições direcionadas à imagem do peixe no espelho. O comportamento foi filmado durante 10 min em 4 momentos: 30 min, 1 dia, 5 dias e 15 dias após o isolamento. Nós analisamos a motivação agressiva por meio da latência para início do comportamento agonístico e pela freqüência dos ataques totais e específicos direcionados ao espelho. A latência para o comportamento agonístico reduziu ao longo do isolamento e houve uma tendência de aumento da freqüência de mouth fighting (um ataque de alta intensidade de agressão), mostrando-nos um aumento na motivação agressiva. Os resultados estão de acordo com os encontrados para ciclídeos juvenís de Haplochromis burtoni, mas discordam com os encontrados para Pterophylum scalare (acará bandeira). Sugerimos que o aumento da agressividade em A. ocellatus pode ser mediado pelo efeito de exposição prévia, da residência prévia ou por processos envolvendo reconhecimento de co-específicos.

A multi-screening approach for marine-derived fungal metabolites and the isolation of cyclodepsipeptides from Beauveria felina

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

HPLC-ESIMSn Profiling, Isolation, Structural Elucidation, and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Phenolics from Paepalanthus geniculatus

The methanol extract of the flowers of Paepalanthus geniculatus Kunth. showed radical-scavenging activity in the TEAC assay. An analytical approach based on HPLC:ESIMSn was applied to obtain the metabolite profile of this extract and led to the rapid identification of 19 polyphenolic compounds comprising flavonoids and naphthopyranones. The new naphthopyranone (10, 16), quercetagetin (1, 5, 7, 13), and galetine derivatives (9, 11, 17, 19), and a flavonol glucoside cyclodimer in the truxillate form (12), were identified. Compounds 2, 6, and 7 showed the highest antioxidant capacity and ability to affect the levels of intracellular ROS in human prostate cancer cells (PC3).

Frequency of the BCR/ABL rearrangements and associated alterations detected by FISH during monitoring of patients taking imatinib mesylate in isolation

A introdução do mesilato de imatinibe como tratamento da leucemia mielóide crônica tem salvado muitos pacientes, mas o sucesso da terapia tem sido prejudicado pela resistência e possível não destruição do clone maligno. Este artigo descreve a resposta citogenética e padrões citogenéticos anormais envolvendo os genes ABL e BCR detectados por FISH em pacientes em uso exclusivo de imatinibe. Os resultados mostraram que outras alterações envolvendo os genes BCR e ABL não parecem estar relacionadas à resistência à droga, elas ocorrem em baixas freqüências e podem não estar associadas à resposta citogenética ou ao tempo de tratamento. Contudo, a resposta ao imatinibe parece ser individual e imprevisível, independente do tempo e do início do tratamento após o diagnóstico.

Isolation and identification of mycobacteria from livestock specimens and milk obtained in Brazil

The prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis and other mycobacterial species in livestock specimens and milk was evaluated. An emphasis was placed upon the distribution of these organisms in milk that is readily available to the public that was either untreated, pasteurized, or treated using ultra high temperature. Twenty-two pathologic specimens from livestock (bovine, swine and bubaline) in five Brazilian states and 128 bovine milk samples from retail markets in the State of São Paulo were examined for mycobacteria. Identification was made by classical biochemical tests, thin layer chromatography of mycolic acids and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Mycobacteria were isolated from 15 (68.2%) caseous lesions and from 23 (18%) milk samples. Eleven isolates were identified as M. bovis, and the remaining 27 nontuberculous mycobacterial isolates were represented by five species and six unidentified rapidly growing mycobacterial strains. The data demonstrate that animal products in Brazil are frequent reservoirs of mycobacteria and may pose a risk to the public.

The comparison of the Butzler medium, filtration technique and their association with isolation of Campylobacter ssp

Do total de 622 amostras de fezes, sendo 200 de suínos, 220 de bezerros e 202 de cães, Campylobacter foi isolado em 178 amostras. Destas, o agente foi identificado em 64 (36%) amostras, isoladas somente em meio seletivo de Butzler (MSB); em 34 (19%) o microorganismo foi isolado a partir da técnica de filtração (TF) e em 80 (45%), através de ambos os procedimentos (MSB+TF). A comparação entre as proporções de positividade, pelas diferentes técnicas, revelou significância (c2 = 9.184; p > 0,001) sendo a MSB (36%) a mais eficiente comparada com a TF (19%) O uso associado de ambos os procedimentos proporcionou a positividade mais elevada de isolamento com 45%.

Isolation and HPLC quantitative analysis of flavonoid glycosides from Brazilian beverages (Maytenus ilicifolia and M-aquifolium)

Aqueous infusions of Brazilian Maytenus leaves are used as beverages, foodstuffs, and phytomedicines. Previously, we isolated two new flavonoid tetrasaccharides from the infusion of Maytenus aquifolium leaves that showed antiulcer activity. In this investigation a new flavonoid tetrasaccharide, kaempferol-3-O-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-6)-O-[alpha -L-arabinopyranosyl (1 -->3)-O-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-2)]-O-beta -D-galactopyranoside (3), was isolated, together with kaempferol tri- and disaccharides and quercetin trisaccharides from the aqueous infusion of Maytenus ilicifolia leaves. All structures were elucidated by ES-MS and NMR spectroscopic methods. The quantitative analysis of the flavonoid glycosides from Maytenus ilicifolia and M. aquifolium has been performed by HPLC.

Isolation and in vitro hydrolysis of lentil protein fractions by trypsin

The albumin and globulin fractions from lentil seeds were isolated and characterised by gel filtration. The latter was shown to be homogeneous and the former heterogeneous on PAGE. The aminoacid analysis revealed high values of amidic amino acids for both fractions with great differences in the sulphur-containing amino acids. Native albumin, globulin and salt-soluble proteins were markedly resistant to trypsin hydrolysis compared to casein. The SDS-PAGE of native salt-soluble proteins indicated that the globulin fragments (20 to 30 kD) were slowly digested in the presence of albumin. The heating increased the hydrolysis of the proteins in the order: salt-soluble, albumin and globulin. The facilitated hydrolysis of the heated salt-soluble fraction seemed to be due to protein-protein interactions induced by heat.