Caracterização analítica de rochas silicatadas e avaliação de seu potencial agrícola como fonte de potássio.

O presente estudo avaliou a eficiência agronômica da aplicação de pó de rochas silicatadas como fonte de potássio em cultivos consecutivos de milheto e alfafa em casa de vegetação. As rochas Biotita Xisto (BX), Sienito Ceraíma (TA15), Mafurito Acreúna (TA21), Sienito SANW (TA20), Biotita Gnaísse (EL02) e Fonolito Curimbaba (FN) foram aplicadas como fontes de potássio de liberação lenta em três doses de 1,25; 2,50 e 5,0 g de rocha moída por kg de solo. Cloreto de potássio foi utilizado como fertilizante convencional em doses de 0,10; 0,20 e 0,40 g de KCl kg-1 de solo. O solo utilizado nos experimentos foi um latossolo amarelo distrófico de textura média, com teor de potássio de 1,2 mmolc dm-3 solo. A rocha TA21 foi testada sem e com correção da acidez do solo. Com a finalidade de observar a dissolução das rochas em um ambiente com plantas foram realizados cinco cultivos consecutivos: (1) milheto (62 dias de cultivo); (2), (3) e (4) alfafa (80, 115 e 155 dias de cultivo, respectivamente) e (5) milheto, com 80 dias de cultivo. A produção de matéria seca no cultivo da alfafa foi significativamente menor do que o cultivo do milheto. As amostras de forrageira foram digeridas e quantificadas empregando o método de decomposição assistida por radiação micro-ondas com HNO3 + H2O2 para a determinação do teor de potássio extraído pelas plantas. As amostras de rochas foram caracterizadas por fluorescência de raios X, difração de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e distribuição de tamanho das partículas e submetidas a ensaios com solução extratora Mehlich-1, ácido acético e ácido fumárico 0,05mol L-1, em diferentes tempos de extração. Todos os extratos foram quantificados por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP OES), sendo determinados os teores de Al, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P e Zn. O método da resina trocadora de íons foi aplicado para todas as amostras de rochas avaliadas, sendo quantificados K, Ca, Mg e P. Potássio solúvel foi determinado por fotometria de chama após extração com água quente, método oficial do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA). Para extração drástica foram avaliados dois métodos de decomposição assistida por radiação microondas: com uso de água régia e água régia invertida com adição de H2O2 e 2 etapas de pré-decomposição. Os elementos Al, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Na e Zn foram quantificados por ICP OES e os resultados obtidos foram comparados por meio do teste t pareado, que indicou não haver diferença significativa entre os métodos de decomposição no intervalo de 95% de confiança. A partir das concentrações obtidas nas extrações e da quantidade de potássio extraída nos cultivos foi realizado o cálculo de correlação entre os extratores e as plantas, considerando a eficiência agronômica. O uso da calagem nos solos que receberam adição da rocha TA21 influenciou significativamente a absorção de potássio, sendo que foi observado efeito relativo à liberação de K apenas quando essa rocha foi adicionada ao solo sem tratamento prévio com a calagem. A ordem decrescente de eficiência de extração de potássio, considerando o total aplicado nos tratamentos e o K extraído pelas plantas foi EL02 > TA21-SC > KCl > FN> BX> TA20 > TA15 > TA21. Os dois métodos de decomposição desenvolvidos apresentaram melhor correlação com o potássio extraído das rochas EL02. O estudo de casa de vegetação corroborou com os ensaios de extração realizados em laboratório, que indicaram que a rocha EL02 é a que possui o maior percentual de liberação de K em relação às demais rochas avaliadas.

INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA EM PACIENTES COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA NO PSF 05 NO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVO GAMA-GO

A Hipertensão Arterial é considerada um problema de saúde publica, constitui um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares, sendo uma das causas de maior redução da qualidade de vida. Sua prevalência sofre influência de fatores de risco modificáveis e não modificáveis. Realizou-se uma intervenção educativa com 150 pacientes hipertensos, pertencentes ao Posto de Saúde da Família numero 5, do município Novo Gama, durante os meses de fevereiro, março e abril, do ano 2015, através da implementação de ações de promoção e prevenção de saúde, para promover mudanças no estilo de vida, e fatores de risco modificáveis, fundamental no controle da HAS e prevenção das complicações, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Foram realizadas reuniões e palestras educacionais com auxílio de meios audiovisuais e questionários para verificar o nível de conhecimento desta doença. A amostra foi dividida em quatro grupos, cada grupo participou de três reuniões. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários e entrevistas, os resultados expressos em tabelas. Neste estudo a hipertensão apresentou maior prevalência no sexo feminino, na raça negra e em pacientes com mais de 60 anos, sendo a maioria deles pessoas com baixo nível cultural. Os fatores de risco, mais freqüentes foram o sedentarismo seguido pela obesidade e os hábitos dietéticos inadequados. O Diabetes foi a doença mais comum associada nestes pacientes. Após a intervenção os fatores de risco que mais se modificaram foram o sedentarismo e os hábitos dietéticos inadequados. Este projeto teve um impacto positivo, pois contribuiu no aumento do nível de conhecimento da população sob a doença; e na modificação dos estilos de vida inadequados.

Níveis de penetração dos raios UV

Pôster com informações básicas sobre os níveis de penetração na pele dos raios UV e sobre ações que podem aumentar o risco de queimaduras solares.

The Real-life Experience With Cardiovascular Complications In The First Dose Of Fingolimod For Multiple Sclerosis.

Fingolimod is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The drug administration requires special attention to the first dose, since cardiovascular adverse events can be observed during the initial six hours of fingolimod ingestion. The present study consisted of a review of cardiovascular data on 180 patients with MS receiving the first dose of fingolimod. The rate of bradycardia in these patients was higher than that observed in clinical trials with very strict inclusion criteria for patients. There were less than 10% of cases requiring special attention, but no fatal cases. All but one patient continued the treatment after this initial dose. This is the first report on real-life administration of fingolimod to Brazilian patients with MS, and one of the few studies with these characteristics in the world.

Radiotherapy Does Not Impair Dentin Adhesive Properties In Head And Neck Cancer Patients.

This study evaluated the influence of radiotherapy on the dentin bond strength of teeth extracted from patients who had undergone head and neck radiotherapy. A total of 36 samples were divided into two experimental groups: group I (control group, n = 18) and group II (in vivo irradiated group, n = 18). Groups I and II were further separated into three subgroups (six specimens per subgroup), which were further assigned to the three adhesive system protocols employed: Single Bond 2 (SB) (3M ESPE), Easy Bond (EB) (3M ESPE) and Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) (Kuraray). The adhesive systems were applied to the prepared surface according to the manufacturers' instructions and restored using composite resin (Filtek Supreme, 3M ESPE). After 24 h in deionised water (37(o)C), teeth were horizontally and vertically cut to obtain beam specimens with a cross-section area of 0.8 ± 1.0 mm(2). Specimens were tested in tension using a universal testing machine at a cross-speed of 0.5 mm/min. Fracture patterns were observed under SEM. Data was analysed by two-way analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the irradiated (R/SB = 44.66 ± 10.12 MPa; R/EB = 41.48 ± 12.71 MPa; and R/CSE = 46.01 ± 6.98 MPa) and control group (C/SB = 39.12 ± 9.51 MPa; C/EB = 42.40 ± 6.66 MPa; and C/CSE = 36.58 ± 7.06 MPa) for any of the adhesive systems. All groups presented a predominance of mixed fracture modes. Head and neck radiotherapy did not affect dentin bond strength for the adhesive materials tested in this study.

Caracterização física e mecânica de argamassas à base de cimento Portland e cinza de casca de arroz residual

Rice husk, employed as an energy source at milling industries in Brazil generates, after burning, a dark ash. This residue is not yet conveniently disposed, being currently dumped on large areas, causing environmental problems. This research intended to evaluate the applications of residual rice husk ashes (RHA) as a partial replacement of cement for mortar production. Rice husk ash was chemically characterized through X-ray fluorescence, determination of carbon content, X-ray diffraction, and laser granulometric analysis. Mortar specimens were submitted to two different exposure conditions: internal and external environments at a maximum period of five months. Physical-mechanical testing were compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). Although presenting good mechanical performance, the mortar based on ash (RHA) did not present pozolanicity but it can be employed in cement matrices as inert material (filler).

Are skeletally mature female rats a suitable model to study osteoporosis?

OBJECTIVE: To analyze if female Wistar rats at 56 weeks of age are a suitable model to study osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female rats with 6 and 36 weeks of age (n = 8 per group) were kept over a 20-week period and fed a diet for mature rodents complete in terms of Ca, phosphorous, and vitamin D. Excised femurs were measured for bone mass using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, morphometry, and biomechanical properties. The following serum mar-kers of bone metabolism were analyzed: parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor Κappa B ligand (RANKL), C-terminal peptides of type I collagen (CTX-I), total calcium, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. RESULTS: Rats at 56 weeks of age showed important bone metabolism differences when compared with the younger group, such as, highest diaphysis energy to failure, lowest levels of OC, CTX-I, and ALP, and elevated PTH, even with adequate dietary Ca. CONCLUSION: Rats at 26-week-old rats may be too young to study age-related bone loss, whereas the 56-week-old rats may be good models to represent the early stages of age-related changes in bone metabolism.

Tua imensa torcida e bem feliz... da relação torcedor com o clube

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Modelo para análise do ataque no futebol = : A model to analyze soccer offensive phase

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Variabilidade amostral das séries mensais de precipitação pluvial em duas regiões do Brasil: Pelotas-RS e Campinas-SP

O presente trabalho avaliou a variabilidade amostral dos parâmetros da distribuição gama, relativos a séries mensais de precipitação pluvial, nas regiões de Campinas-SP e Pelotas-RS, que têm dados para os períodos de 1890-2006 e 1890-2005, respectivamente. Assim, os espaços amostrais considerados foram de 58, 39 e 29 anos para Campinas e 58 e 29 anos para Pelotas. As análises foram feitas usando o teste da razão da máxima verossimilhança. Os resultados apontaram significativas alterações amostrais. Não houve indicações de tendências contínuas (redução ou aumento) no regime mensal de precipitação pluvial na região de Campinas-SP. Em contrapartida, esse teste indicou, para a localidade de Pelotas-RS, tendência de elevação no regime desse elemento meteorológico ocorrida entre as amostras relativas aos anos de 1948 a 1976 e 1977 a 2005.

Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae

The lianas observed in this study, Abuta convexa (Vell.) Diels, Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler, and Chondrodendron platiphyllum (A. St.-Hil.) Miers, all have successive cambia in their stems. The terminology applied to stem histology in species with successive cambia is as diverse as the interpretations of the origins of this cambial variant. Therefore, this study specifically investigates the origin of successive cambia through a developmental analysis of the above-mentioned species, including an analysis of the terminology used to describe this cambial variation. For the first time, we have identified several developmental stages giving rise to the origins of successive cambia in this family. First, the pericycle originates in 1-3 layers of conjunctive tissue. After the differentiation of the first ring, the conjunctive tissue undergoes new divisions, developing approximately 10 rows of parenchyma cells. In the middle portion, a layer of sclereids is formed, again subdividing the conjunctive tissue into two parts: internal and external. New cambia originate in the internal part, from which new secondary vascular strands will originate, giving rise to the second successive vascular ring of the stem. The external part remains parenchymatous during the installation of the second ring and will undergo new periclinal division, repeating the entire process. New cambia will originate from the neoformed strands, which will form only rays. In the literature, successive cambia are formed by a meristem called "diffuse lateral meristem."However, based on the species of Menispermaceae studied in this report, it is demonstrated that the diffuse lateral meristem is the pericycle itself.

An unusual, dwarf new species of Neotropical freshwater stingray, Plesiotrygon nana sp. nov., from the upper and mid Amazon basin: the second species of Plesiotrygon (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae)

A new species of the relatively poorly known Neotropical freshwater stingray genus Plesiotrygon Rosa, Castello & Thorson, 1987 is described from the main channel and smaller tributaries (Ríos Itaya and Pachitea) of the upper Amazon basin in Peru. The first specimen to be collected, however, was from much farther east in Rio Solimões in 1996, just down-river from Rio Purus (specimen unavailable for this study). Plesiotrygon nana sp. nov., is a very distinctive and unusually small species of freshwater stingray (Potamotrygonidae), described here mostly from three specimens representing different size classes and stages of sexual maturity. Plesiotrygon nana sp. nov., is distinguished from its only congener, P. iwamae Rosa, Castello & Thorson, 1987, by numerous unique features, including: dorsal coloration composed of very fine rosettes or a combination of spots and irregular ocelli; very circular disc and snout; very small and less rhomboidal spiracles; short snout and anterior disc region; narrow mouth and nostrils; denticles on dorsal tail small, scattered, not forming row of enlarged spines; adult and preadult specimens with significantly fewer tooth rows; fewer caudal vertebrae; higher total pectoral radials; very small size, probably not surpassing 250 mm disc length or width, males maturing sexually at around 180 mm disc length and 175 mm disc width; distal coloration of tail posterior to caudal stings usually dark purplish-brown; and features of the ventral lateral-line canals (hyomandibular canal very narrow, infraorbital and supraorbital canals not undulated, supraorbital and infraorbital loops small and narrow, supraorbital loop very short, not extending posteriorly to level of mouth, jugular and posterior infraorbital canals short, not extending caudally to first gill slits, subpleural loop very narrow posteriorly; absence of anterior and posterior subpleural tubules). To provide a foundation for the description of P. nana sp. nov., morphological variation in P. iwamae was examined based on all type specimens as well as newly collected and previously unreported material. Two specimens topotypic with the male paratype of P. nana sp. nov., referred to here as Plesiotrygon cf. iwamae, are also reported. Relationships of the new species to P. iwamae are discussed; further characters indicative of Plesiotrygon monophyly are proposed, but the genus may still not be valid. Plesiotrygon nana sp. nov., is commercialized with some regularity in the international aquarium trade from Iquitos (Peru), an alarming circumstance because nothing is known of its biology or conservation requirements.

Trichomycterus dali: a new highly troglomorphic catfish (Silurifomes: Trichomycteridae) from Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Central Brazil

Trichomycterus dali, new species, is described from flooded limestone caves in Serra da Bodoquena karst area, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Central Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by a unique character in the genus, the presence of conspicuous, ridge-like adipose folds lining dorsally throughout the body. Trichomycterus dali can be further distinguished readily from epigean congeners by the reduction of eyes and skin pigmentation (except for T. gorgona), and from remaining congeners (i.e., all hypogean plus T. gorgona) by the total loss of eyes, not visible externally (except for T. sandovali and T. spelaeus). Other diagnostic features includes very long barbels, especially the nasal (99.3-143.5% HL) and the maxillary (97.0-131.3% HL), pectoral-fin ray count reaching I,9 and a unique cranial fontanel with a conspicuous constriction on the meeting point of supraoccipital and the two frontal bones. The troglobitic status of the species is suggested by the presence of troglomorphisms on an advanced degree, especially the reduction of skin pigmentation, the total loss of eyes and the enlarged barbels. In addition, the presence of a well developed adipose fold in adults may indicate a distinctive adaptation acquired by neoteny to withstand the food scarce conditions of its hypogean habitat.

A new species of Pimelodus La Cépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from rio Ribeira de Iguape basin, Brazil

Pimelodus multicratifer, a new species, is described from the rio Ribeira de Iguape basin. The new species differs from the other Pimelodus species by the following features: 26 to 30 gill rakers on the first branchial arch; a combination of three to six rows of dark spots regularly or irregularly scattered on the flanks and several small dark spots irregularly scattered on the dorsal surface of head, supraoccipital process, and sometimes on the dorsal and caudal fins; striated lips; maxillary barbels reaching between posterior tip of the pelvic-fin rays and posterior tip of the middle caudal-fin rays.

Ituglanis mambai, a new subterranean catfish from a karst area of Central Brazil, rio Tocantins basin (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

Ituglanis mambai, new species, is described from a cave in the Mambaí karst area, State of Goiás, Central Brazil. The new species distinguishes from epigean and cave congeners by the combination of the following characteristics: posterior supraoccipital fontanel absent; pectoral-fin rays usually i,7; six pleural ribs; total vertebrae 37-38 behind Weberian apparatus; shorter predorsal length (65.1-70.8% SL); shorter caudal peduncle length (8.4-11.9% SL); shorter dorsal-fin base length (7.7-11.3% SL); wider interobital width (29.2-36.5% HL); larger mouth width (43.4-64.0% HL); intermediate between epigean and other cave Ituglanis species as regards to both eyes (diameter varying from 0.5 to1.0 mm in adults, 7.8-10.1 % HL) and pigmentation, composed by irregular light brown spots along the body. The latter indicate the troglobitic status for I. mambai. In addition, this species has the maxillae with a discrete medial-posterior projection; fronto-lacrimal one half-length of the maxillae and pointed backwards; posterior process of palatine half its length, with a tenuous medial concavity; 14 dorsal and 12 ventral procurrent rays. In the natural habitat, I. mambai displayed cryptobiotic habits, trying to hide in the graveled bottom or under boulders when disturbed, apparently showing a negative response to light. It was observed a preference to slow-moving waters. Recent flood marks were observed in the stream conduit in March/April 2007 (end of the rainy season) when less individuals were observed on 300 m of the subterranean stream compared to September 2004 (end of the dry season).