Pere Bosch Gimpera y Juan Cabré. La pugna por el control de las excavaciones en San Antonio de Calaceite y el Bajo Aragón (1914-1916) y su influencia en la creación del Servei d"Investigacions Arqueològiques del IEC

En la historiografía de la investigación sobre la cultura ibérica, el poblado de San Antonio el Pobre (Calaceite) va indeleblemente unido a las intervenciones del Institut d¿Estudis Catalans (IEC) y a la figura de Pere Bosch Gimpera, sin duda el prehistoriador español de mayor prestigio hasta el final de la guerra civil. Sin embargo, es significativo que dicho conocimiento se deba más a trabajos aislados y a la recuperación de sus diarios de excavación realizada por Francisca Pallarés Salvador en 1958, que a la publicación de una serie de monografías que recogiera sus trabajos en el área entre 1914 y 1923.

Redes informais nas organizações: a co-gestão do conhecimento

As redes informais nas organizações constituem estruturas auto-organizantes que, respondendo em grande parte pela capacidade de as organizações lidarem com os problemas imprevistos, configuram-se como instrumentos importantes ao enfrentamento dos desafios associados à sociedade da informação. Este trabalho aborda as redes informais sob a perspectiva do processamento humano da informação e do conhecimento que efetuam e dos suportes eletrônicos de comunicação que ampliam sua utilização dentro das organizações.

Photosynthesis and Rubisco kinetics in spring wheat and meadow fescue under conditions of simulated climate change with elevated CO[sub 2] and increased temperatures

Selostus: Kevätvehnän ja nurminadan fotosynteesi ja Rubisco-kinetiikka simuloidun ilmastonmuutoksen eli kohotetun hiilidioksidipitoisuuden ja kohotetun lämpötilan oloissa

Nodulação e rendimento de soja co-infectada com Bacillus Subtilis e Bradyrhizobium Japonicum / Bradyrhizobium Elkanii

O Bacillus subtilis pode favorecer o desempenho simbiótico do rizóbio, pelos efeitos na inibição de fitopatógenos ou pela exsudação de fitormônios. Com o objetivo de verificar a viabilidade da co-infecção de sementes de soja com Bradyrhizobium e Bacillus foram conduzidos três experimentos, no Paraná, em solos com população estabelecida de Bradyrhizobium, em que as estirpes de Bradyrhizobium SEMIA 5019 e SEMIA 5080 e suas variantes tolerantes aos metabólitos de Bacillus foram co-infectadas com duas estirpes de Bacillus (AP-3 e PRBS-1), ou seus metabólitos. Na safra 1993/94, em Londrina, o tratamento de co-inoculação de Bradyrhizobium com os metabólitos formulados de Bacillus incrementou, significativamente, em relação ao não-inoculado, o número de nódulos (59%, estádio V3), a ocupação dos nódulos pelas estirpes de Bradyrhizobium (76%, R2) e o rendimento de grãos (24%); em Ponta Grossa, esses incrementos foram de 60%, 145% e 22%, respectivamente. Nessa safra, em Londrina, a co-inoculação das variantes tolerantes com os metabólitos de Bacillus também aumentou o rendimento (26%) e N total (17%) dos grãos de soja e incrementos significativos foram constatados, na ocupação dos nódulos, pela co-inoculação das variantes tolerantes com as células de Bacillus (78%). Os resultados obtidos indicam a viabilidade da co-inoculação, em sementes de soja, de metabólitos brutos ou formulados ou, ainda, de células de Bacillus subtilis, para incrementar a contribuição do processo de fixação biológica do nitrogênio.

The co-evolution of social institutions, demography, and large-scale human cooperation.

Human cooperation is typically coordinated by institutions, which determine the outcome structure of the social interactions individuals engage in. Explaining the Neolithic transition from small- to large-scale societies involves understanding how these institutions co-evolve with demography. We study this using a demographically explicit model of institution formation in a patch-structured population. Each patch supports both social and asocial niches. Social individuals create an institution, at a cost to themselves, by negotiating how much of the costly public good provided by cooperators is invested into sanctioning defectors. The remainder of their public good is invested in technology that increases carrying capacity, such as irrigation systems. We show that social individuals can invade a population of asocials, and form institutions that support high levels of cooperation. We then demonstrate conditions where the co-evolution of cooperation, institutions, and demographic carrying capacity creates a transition from small- to large-scale social groups.

Simulation of spring wheat responses to elevated CO‚́‚ and temperature by using CERES-wheat crop model

Selostus: Kohotettujen CO‚́‚:n ja lämpötilan vaikutukset kevätvehnän fenologiseen kehitykseen ja sadontuottomahdollisuuksiin

Hélène Cixous, visión y creación

Este libro constituye la primera recopilación de ensayos en español sobre la obra de Hélène Cixous, una de las escritoras y pensadoras francesas más valiosas del panorama actual. Nacida en Orán (Argelia) en el seno de una familia judía con ancestros españoles, la exclusión que vivió durante su infancia en la Argelia colonial y antisemita la condujo a rechazar cualquier asignación identitaria fija (sea como «mujer», como « judía» o como «feminista»), aunque ello no le ha impedido reflexionar sobre qué significan dichas identidades y comprometerse políticamente con diversas causas relacionadas con éstas. Desde finales de los años sesenta, Cixous ha publicado más de sesenta libros en el campo del ensayo, la ficción y el teatro, cuestionando las fronteras entre dichos géneros; su famoso texto «La risa de la Medusa» es una pieza fundamental de la teoría feminista y los estudios de género. En su variada obra, el tema de la visión y su aparente opuesto, la ceguera, representa una suerte de hilo conductor. Ver con Hélène Cixous incluye un texto inédito de la autora, y nueve ensayos redactados por especialistas de variadas procedencias geográficas i intelectuales (la filosofía, la estética, la crítica literaria, la traducción…), con el fin de ofrecer una visión rigurosa y al tiempo accesible de la riquísima obra de Hélène Cixous.

Crystal engineering studies: polymorphs and co-crystals

We review the key topics of one of the areas with the biggest impact of the last years in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry that is Crystal Engineering. The relevance of polymorphs and co-crystals from different points of view is been highlighted and broadly illustrated by means of several recent examples of studies carried out in this field. In addition, the most suitableinstrumental techniques and the intellectual property implications are reviewed.

Hélène Cixous, visión y creación

Este libro constituye la primera recopilación de ensayos en español sobre la obra de Hélène Cixous, una de las escritoras y pensadoras francesas más valiosas del panorama actual. Nacida en Orán (Argelia) en el seno de una familia judía con ancestros españoles, la exclusión que vivió durante su infancia en la Argelia colonial y antisemita la condujo a rechazar cualquier asignación identitaria fija (sea como «mujer», como « judía» o como «feminista»), aunque ello no le ha impedido reflexionar sobre qué significan dichas identidades y comprometerse políticamente con diversas causas relacionadas con éstas. Desde finales de los años sesenta, Cixous ha publicado más de sesenta libros en el campo del ensayo, la ficción y el teatro, cuestionando las fronteras entre dichos géneros; su famoso texto «La risa de la Medusa» es una pieza fundamental de la teoría feminista y los estudios de género. En su variada obra, el tema de la visión y su aparente opuesto, la ceguera, representa una suerte de hilo conductor. Ver con Hélène Cixous incluye un texto inédito de la autora, y nueve ensayos redactados por especialistas de variadas procedencias geográficas i intelectuales (la filosofía, la estética, la crítica literaria, la traducción…), con el fin de ofrecer una visión rigurosa y al tiempo accesible de la riquísima obra de Hélène Cixous.

Essential residues in the H-NS binding site of Hha, a co-regulator of horizontally acquired genes in Enterobacteria

Proteins of the Hha/YmoA family co-regulate with H-NS the expression of horizontally acquired genes in Enterobacteria. Systematic mutations of conserved acidic residues in Hha have allowed the identification of D48 as an essential residue for H-NS binding and the involvement of E25. Mutations of these residues resulted in deregulation of sensitive genes in vivo. D48 is only partially solvent accessible, yet it defines the functional binding interface between Hha and H-NS confirming that Hha has to undergo a conformational change to bind H-NS. Exposed acidic residues, such as E25, may electrostatically facilitate and direct the approach of Hha to the positively charged region of H-NS enabling the formation of the final complex when D48 becomes accessible by a conformational change of Hha.

The co-evolution of culturally inherited altruistic helping and cultural transmission under random group formation.

Limited migration results in kin selective pressure on helping behaviors under a wide range of ecological, demographic and life-history situations. However, such genetically determined altruistic helping can evolve only when migration is not too strong and group size is not too large. Cultural inheritance of helping behaviors may allow altruistic helping to evolve in groups of larger size because cultural transmission has the potential to markedly decrease the variance within groups and augment the variance between groups. Here, we study the co-evolution of culturally inherited altruistic helping behaviors and two alternative cultural transmission rules for such behaviors. We find that conformist transmission, where individuals within groups tend to copy prevalent cultural variants (e.g., beliefs or values), has a strong adverse effect on the evolution of culturally inherited helping traits. This finding is at variance with the commonly held view that conformist transmission is a crucial factor favoring the evolution of altruistic helping in humans. By contrast, we find that under one-to-many transmission, where individuals within groups tend to copy a "leader" (or teacher), altruistic helping can evolve in groups of any size, although the cultural transmission rule itself hitchhikes rather weakly with a selected helping trait. Our results suggest that culturally determined helping behaviors are more likely to be driven by "leaders" than by popularity, but the emergence and stability of the cultural transmission rules themselves should be driven by some extrinsic factors.

Survival in soil and detection of co-transformed Trichoderma harzianum by nested PCR

The objective of this work was to evaluate the survival of two Trichoderma harzianum co-transformants, TE 10 and TE 41, carrying genes for green fluorescent protein (egfp) and for resistance to benomyl, during four weeks in a contained soil microcosm. Selective culture media were used to detect viable fungal material, whose identity was confirmed by the observation of the fluorescent phenotype by direct epifluorence microscopy. PCR using two nested primer pairs specific to the egfp gene was also used to detect the transformed fungi. Although it was not possible to reliably detect the egfp gene directly from soil extracts, an enrichment step involving selective culture of soil samples in liquid medium prior to DNA extraction enabled the consistent detection of the T. harzianum co-transformants by nested PCR for the duration of the incubation period.