A Population-Based Model to Consider the Effect of Seasonal Variation on Serum 25(OH)D and Vitamin D Status.

Background. We elaborated a model that predicts the centiles of the 25(OH)D distribution taking into account seasonal variation. Methods. Data from two Swiss population-based studies were used to generate (CoLaus) and validate (Bus Santé) the model. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by ultra high pressure LC-MS/MS and immunoassay. Linear regression models on square-root transformed 25(OH)D values were used to predict centiles of the 25(OH)D distribution. Distribution functions of the observations from the replication set predicted with the model were inspected to assess replication. Results. Overall, 4,912 and 2,537 Caucasians were included in original and replication sets, respectively. Mean (SD) 25(OH)D, age, BMI, and % of men were 47.5 (22.1) nmol/L, 49.8 (8.5) years, 25.6 (4.1) kg/m(2), and 49.3% in the original study. The best model included gender, BMI, and sin-cos functions of measurement day. Sex- and BMI-specific 25(OH)D centile curves as a function of measurement date were generated. The model estimates any centile of the 25(OH)D distribution for given values of sex, BMI, and date and the quantile corresponding to a 25(OH)D measurement. Conclusions. We generated and validated centile curves of 25(OH)D in the general adult Caucasian population. These curves can help rank vitamin D centile independently of when 25(OH)D is measured.

Hacia los 25 años de los saqueos de la ciudad de Rosario, Argentina. Educación y memoria

A punto de cumplirse los 25 años de los saqueos producidos en Rosario de la República Argentina, este artículo se centra en el debate historiográfico y antropológico acerca del uso de esa categoría para describir el impacto producido entre los supermercados más afectados de la ciudad. Se relaciona este caso con sucesos acontecidos en el país, y en especial se reproducen y analizan los dibujos que elaboraron niños y niñas de tercer grado de escuela primaria durante el primer día en que la escuela reabrió sus puertas. El ámbito educativo forma parte de este análisis sobre el significado del saqueo y sobre su uso para garantizar la alimentación infantil.

Observation of Pulsed γ-Rays Above 25 GeV from the Crab Pulsar with MAGIC

One fundamental question about pulsars concerns the mechanism of their pulsed electromagnetic emission. Measuring the high-end region of a pulsar's spectrum would shed light on this question. By developing a new electronic trigger, we lowered the threshold of the Major Atmospheric γ-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescope to 25 giga-electron volts. In this configuration, we detected pulsed γ-rays from the Crab pulsar that were greater than 25 giga-electron volts, revealing a relatively high cutoff energy in the phase-averaged spectrum. This indicates that the emission occurs far out in the magnetosphere, hence excluding the polar-cap scenario as a possible explanation of our measurement. The high cutoff energy also challenges the slot-gap scenario.

Principals barreres i motivacions per a la pràctica de l’activitat física de la població de 17 a 25 anys, a la localitat de Cardedeu

Actualment hi ha multitud d’estudis científics que demostren els beneficis que aporta a la nostra salut la pràctica regular d’activitat física, però aquest fet no genera per si sol uns nivells de pràctica suficients en la població. El present estudi s’emmarca en una investigació realitzada amb nois i noies d’entre 17 i 25 anys de la localitat de Cardedeu, sobre les diferents barreres i motivacions per a la pràctica d’activitat física de forma regular en aquest sector concret de la població. S’han analitzat els resultats obtinguts en l’aplicació dels qüestionaris ABPEF (Capdevila, 2005) i AMPEF (Capdevila, 2000) sobre una mostra formada per un total de 38 participants. En els resultats obtinguts destaquen les barreres relacionades amb la fatiga, la mandra, les obligacions i la falta de temps. Amb referència a motivacions més significatives trobem aquells ítems relacionats amb la salut, la imatge corporal, la diversió i el benestar.

Incidência e aspectos de imagem do linfoma pós-transplante hepático em crianças

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência e os aspectos de imagem do linfoma pós-transplante hepático em crianças. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram revisados os prontuários e exames de imagem de crianças submetidas a transplante hepático entre 2000 e 2008 em uma única instituição. RESULTADOS: De 241 crianças submetidas a transplante hepático, com seguimento médio de 41,4 ± 26,4 meses, 16 (6,6%) tiveram linfoma. A média de idade no transplante hepático das crianças que desenvolveram linfoma foi inferior à das crianças que não desenvolveram (23,9 ± 18,9 vs. 38,0 ± 48,9 meses; p = 0,02). O tempo entre o transplante e o desenvolvimento do linfoma variou de 6 a 103 meses. A apresentação clínica e radiológica foi variável e a localização mais comum do tumor foi no abdome (n = 13; 81,3%), seguida de tórax e cabeça e pescoço (n = 4; 25,0% cada). Os achados de imagem incluíram: linfonodomegalias, massas mediastinais, pulmonares e mesentéricas, espessamento parietal de alças intestinais e nódulos hepáticos e renais. Quatro crianças (25,0%) faleceram devido a complicações do linfoma. CONCLUSÃO: Linfomas são complicações relativamente incomuns e potencialmente fatais que podem acontecer a qualquer momento após o transplante hepático em crianças, e que têm diversas apresentações clínicas e de imagem.

La fureur divine et son détournement en Nb 25

The story Numbers of 25 which reports the incident of Baal Peor is one among several texts in the book of Numbers focusing on divine wrath, its cause and its consequences. The present article offers a detailed analysis of the account which is difficult to understand because of certain jumps in the plot and because of its allusive style. Scholars mostly agree with the idea that the story grew in two or three stages. A lot of commentators believe that the original story contains only the apostasy of Peor caused by the Moabites (vv. 1-5). A subsequent story would focus on Pinchas' action against Zimri and Kospi, and a third layer is linked to the story of the war between Israel and Midian (Numbers 31). The problem of this theory however is that it seems impossible to reconstruct an original story about the matter of Peor; one does not find a satisfying end within vv. 1-5. Furthermore, v. 5, which belongs to the first, "Moabite", section, is already linked to the theme of Midian which dominates the second and the third passage. Moreover, the assemblage of different themes and motifs seem having been done with care: Regarding the two abuses of Israel reported in the story--idolatry and intermarriage--, they often go together in late polemical Deuteronomistic and post-Deuteronomistic layers (Ezra-Nehemiah). The double focus on Midian and Moab could both be polemically directed against certain Moses traditions found in the books of Exodus and Deuteronomy (concerning Moses' marriage with a Midianite women on the one hand and his stay and death and burial in Moab - in the vicinity of Beth Peor - on the other hand). As in several ANE traditions also in the Hebrew Bible the motif of "divine wrath" serves to interpret fatal historical events; in Num 25 as in other Biblical stories however it is doubtful whether the alleged incident (the plague) really have taken place and the story's plot is anchored in ancient Israel's history.

Termoquímica na Unicamp: depoimento sobre uma jornada de 25 anos

This article describes the progress of a group of investigation on thermochemistry, which started in 1972. A homemade calorimeter was employed to provide quantitative support to the information on interative effect between lanthanide cations and halides or pseudohalides, in non-aqueous solvents, previously derived from conductometric titrations. However, the features of this instrument were not able to detect the thermal effects. Therefore, the great input to the group came from the acquisition of an LKB commercial apparatus, by the University in 1975. Considering the historical development of the coordination chemistry in Brazil, which was previously dedicated to strutural features of adducts, without focusing the energetic envolved in any coordinationcompound. Since starting the thermochemistry study, numerous masters and doctoral thesis covering more than a hundred adducts and a reasonable number of chelates, were presented systematizing data in order to understand the behavior of this kind of coordination compounds (C. Airoldi and A. P. Chagas, Coord. Chem. Rev. 1992, 119, 29). This knowledge enabled an extension of the study to include some heterogeneous systems formed by natural or synthetic materials like immobilized silica gel, lamellar phosphate, phosphonate or sulphate compounds, clays, polysaccharides, chrysotile, soils, etc. Many students are now engaged as staff members in Universities, Research Instituitions or other private institutions, developing many activities. Due to a multiplying effect on the formation of researchers, the group is now reaching the fourth generation.

Identifying strategies for mitigating the global warming impact of the EU-25 economy using a multi-objective input-output approach

Global warming mitigation has recently become a priority worldwide. A large body of literature dealing with energy related problems has focused on reducing greenhouse gases emissions at an engineering scale. In contrast, the minimization of climate change at a wider macroeconomic level has so far received much less attention. We investigate here the issue of how to mitigate global warming by performing changes in an economy. To this end, we make use of a systematic tool that combines three methods: linear programming, environmentally extended input output models, and life cycle assessment principles. The problem of identifying key economic sectors that contribute significantly to global warming is posed in mathematical terms as a bi criteria linear program that seeks to optimize simultaneously the total economic output and the total life cycle CO2 emissions. We have applied this approach to the European Union economy, finding that significant reductions in global warming potential can be attained by regulating specific economic sectors. Our tool is intended to aid policymakers in the design of more effective public policies for achieving the environmental and economic targets sought.