Vantagens e desvantagens do preg??o na gest??o de compras no setor p??blico: o caso da Funasa/PB

O presente artigo ?? parte de um estudo explorat??rio cujo objetivo foi analisar as vantagens e desvantagens na aquisi????o de bens e servi??os por meio das modalidades de licita????o preg??o presencial e eletr??nico no servi??o p??blico. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso na Funda????o Nacional de Sa??de da Para??ba. A parte da pesquisa divulgada neste artigo, al??m de uma s??ntese sobre o referencial te??rico, apresenta as caracter??sticas investigadas da modalidade de licita????o preg??o, comparando suas formas presencial e eletr??nica na institui????o estudada. Os resultados apontam aspectos relevantes quanto ??s quest??es: vantagens e desvantagens do preg??o eletr??nico em rela????o ao preg??o presencial e vice-versa; recursos para atendimento de despesas; planejamento anual da FUNASA/PB; economia de pre??o; economia e repasse de recursos para outras necessidades; prazos de fornecimento; treinamento e capacita????o de pessoal. Conclui a exposi????o destacando alguns pontos fortes e fracos do processo, sugerindo medidas a serem avaliadas no que tange a capacita????o de pessoal e planejamento anual na FUNASA/PB.

Cursos abiertos en l??nea:?? un escenario para la gesti??n personal del conocimiento?

A partir de uma discuss??o dos antecedentes e caracter??sticas dos cursos on-line, este artigo descreve uma solu????o tecnol??gica de apoio ?? realiza????o deste tipo de curso, baseada no uso de ferramentas p??blicas e de uso gratuito(isto ??, que n??o requerem instala????o em um servidor pr??prio). Esta ?? uma prova de conceito que busca evidenciar as possibilidades e obst??culos associados ?? oferta deste tipo de pr??tica educativa em um contexto latino-americano.

Saúde autopercebida e qualidade de vida de homens participantes de intervenção psicoeducativa para idosos

Este trabalho investigou percepções de saúde e de envelhecimento ativo entre homens idosos, assim como seus níveis de qualidade de vida antes e após intervenção psicoeducativa em grupo destinada à promoção de autocuidado. Treze homens de 62 a 78 anos, casados e aposentados, participaram de nove encontros temáticos. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e aplicação dos questionários para aferir qualidade de vida WHOQOL-OLD e WHOQOL-BREF. Os resultados evidenciaram que os idosos, em sua maioria, mantinham estilos de vida ativos, avaliavam positivamente o estado pessoal de saúde e concebiam saúde em uma perspectiva biopsicossocial, aspectos que se mostraram fortalecidos após a intervenção. Houve estabilidade nos escores de qualidade de vida, com diferença significativa (p<0,05) para o domínio participação social do WHOQOL-OLD. O estudo forneceu um modelo de intervenção para fortalecer o envelhecimento bem-sucedido entre homens idosos. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

Improving the environmental performance of bedding products by using life cycle assessment at the design stage

Improvement of the environmental performance of processes and products is a common objective in industry, and has been receiving increased attention in recent years. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the potential environmental impact of two bedding products, a polyurethane foam mattress (PFM) and a pocket spring mattress (PSM). These two types are the most common mattresses used in Europe. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) shows that the PFM has a higher environmental impact than the PSM. For both products the main cause of environmental impact is the manufacturing process, respectively the polyurethane foam block moulding process for the PFM, and the pocket spring nucleus process for the PSM. A scenario analysis shows the possibility of reducing the environmental impact of the products’ life cycle using an alternative End-of-Life scenario, resorting to incineration rather than landfill. Two strategies were also studied in order to reduce the environmental impact of the PFM: (1) reutilization of foam that was sent to the waste system management, and (2) a 20% weight reduction of the polyurethane foam. The second strategy has proven to be the most effective.

Ambient assisted living technology: comparative perspectives of users and caregivers

Developed societies are currently facing severe demographic changes: the world population is ageing at an unprecedented rate. This demographic trend will be also followed by an increase of people with physical limitations. New challenges are being raised to the traditional health care systems, not only in Portugal, but also in all other European states. There is an urgent need to find solutions that allow extending the time people can live in their preferred environment by increasing their autonomy, self-confidence and mobility. AAL4ALL is a project currently being developed in cooperation with 34 Portuguese interdisciplinary partners, from industry to academia, R&D and social disciplines, which employs a novel conceptual approach through the development of an ecosystem of products and services for Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) associated to a business model and validated through large scale trial. This paper presents a comparative perspective of the needs and attitudes towards technology of the AAL users and caregivers identified in the analysis of a set of three different surveys: a users survey targeted at the Portuguese seniors and pre-seniors; an informal caregivers survey targeted at the family, friends and neighbours who provide care without any financial compensation; and a formal caregivers survey targeted at physicians, nurses,psychologists, social workers, and direct-care workers providing care to elders. The first results indicate that AAL solutions must be affordable,user friendly and have a true perceived benefit to their users.

An e-marketplace of healthcare and social care services: the perceived interest

The health and social care sector is receiving growing attention for the last years, due to the increased life expectancy, the public demand for a better quality of life and for better health services. These requirements can be met with more cost-efficient approaches and using new technology-based solutions for providing services. The paper presents and discusses some of the main results of a study undertaken in Guimarães, a Municipality at the North of Portugal, on the perceived relevance of an e-Marketplace of social and healthcare services for the inhabitants in general, and in particular for people with special needs; the study also included the identification of the most relevant services to be offered by this platform and allowed concluding that such an e-Marketplace is of recognized relevance and that it is expected a good adhesion from the population.

Needs and Opportunities in Ambient Assisted Living in Portugal

The exponential raise in the age dependency rate together with the difficulties in having conventional care solutions opens the space for the appearance and development of innovative Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) solutions.However, the development of these solutions requires a thorough understanding of user needs and wills. In this paper we present the scenarios being adopted in the context of AAL projects, as well as the products and services current available in each of the considered utilization scenarios. The needs of the Portuguese AAL users are analyzed through the discussion of some preliminary results from a survey targeted at the Portuguese population over 55 years old. These results will be used to characterize the needs and establish the readiness and willingness of elder Portuguese population in using AAL solutions.

A mobile health care rule-based system

The relation between patient and physician in most modern Health Care Sys- tems is sparse, limited in time and very in exible. On the other hand, and in contradiction with several recent studies, most physicians do not rely their patient diagnostics evaluations on intertwined psychological and social nature factors. Facing these problems and trying to improve the patient/physician relation we present a mobile health care solution to im- prove the interaction between the physician and his patients. The solution serves not only as a privileged mean of communication between physicians and patients but also as an evolutionary intelligent platform delivering a mobile rule based system.

The impact of the digital divide on the perceived interest of an e-Marketplace to support healthcare and social care services

In a Europe increasingly aging, it is now recognized the importance and potential of the service industry for ageing well based on information and communication technologies (ICT), as exemplified by the electronic market of social services and health care, the GuiMarket, proposed by the authors. However, this new range of services requires that individuals have advanced digital skills to fully participate in society. Based on the results of a survey made on a sample of 315 individuals, this paper discusses the importance granted GuiMarket and the intended frequency of use, concluding there is a close relationship between ICT access and use that respondents anticipate making of GuiMarket and alike services.

Ambivalent implications of health care information systems: a study in the Brazilian public health care system

This article evaluates social implications of the "SIGA" Health Care Information System (HIS) in a public health care organization in the city of São Paulo. The evaluation was performed by means of an in-depth case study with patients and staff of a public health care organization, using qualitative and quantitative data. On the one hand, the system had consequences perceived as positive such as improved convenience and democratization of specialized treatment for patients and improvements in work organization. On the other hand, negative outcomes were reported, like difficulties faced by employees due to little familiarity with IT and an increase in the time needed to schedule appointments. Results show the ambiguity of the implications of HIS in developing countries, emphasizing the need for a more nuanced view of the evaluation of failures and successes and the importance of social contextual factors.

VISUAL ART AND REGULATORY FIT MESSAGES ON CONSUMER EVALUATIONS

ABSTRACT In this study, we demonstrate that the art infusion effect, in which the presence of visual art causes a positive impact on consumers' perceptions of products and advertising messages, might have a moderation effect on regulatory fit and non-fit messages. We investigate the impact of visual art on advertisement evaluations in regulatory (non-) fit conditions. Regulatory focus theory suggests that consumers rely on their motivational focus (prevention vs. promotion) for their evaluations and decisions. Usually, consumers prefer products that fit with their personal motivational focus. In the present study, the results of three experiments indicate that using visual art with a promotion or prevention fit message is recommended, while non-art images increase message persuasiveness when non-fit messages are presented. Therefore, not all information compatible with the consumer's motivational focus are best evaluated. When non-art images are presented, non-fit messages might be more persuasive.

Seeing films: audiences reaction to local cultural products

This paper discusses the results of a large survey conducted in 2006 on the perception Portuguese movies’ audiences have of their own locally produced films. Audience’s reception of locally produced films is marked by the rejection of the consumption of these objects as a result of a bias against locally produced cultural artefacts. The prejudice shaping this relationship, not only demands for new cultural and social politics, but also raises a number of questions on local and European media industry’s ability to cope with its own audiences’ expectations. Finally, broader considerations are made on the different ways contemporary audiences are shaping media technologies, and their respective cultural artefacts, through their own use and reception of those technologies and artefacts.

The right to medical care and its economic consequences: an American dilemma

The concepts of "rights" and of "right to health care" including its evolution in modern times are discussed. The consequences of implementing this right are discussed in economic terms, regarding the situation in the United States of America. A discussion is also included on the limitations of the role of Health Insurance as a measure to solve the problem of providing health care for all individuals.

Notes on health care planning in Latin America and the Caribbean

Attention is called to the fact that the efforts to improve health of populations in Latin America have generally failed. The inequality in the distribution of ill-health is great. The authors accept the fact that the lack of resources available to the health sector may be a restriction towards the improvement of the situation, but they argue that a much more important issue is the misuse of such resources and their maldistribution within the health sector. The lack of integration and coordination between the health services, the conflict of public and private health systems, the under-utilization of existing services and the gap between planning and real implementation are discussed.

Tecnología apropiada en obstetricia: definición y evaluación desde las perspectivas de la población y del personal de salud

Se parte de la hipótesis de que para lograr satisfacer las necesidades de salud de la población, es preciso, entre otras cosas, que los servicios de salud utilicen tecnologías apropiadas. El problema que surge es el de definir lo que se considera "adecuado" y quiénes lo definen. Para ello se ha efectuado una investigación que permite detectar y analizar comparativamente la definición que, desde las perspectivas de la población y de los profesionales, se hace de la tecnología apropiada en obstetricia, como así también la tecnología utilizada en los distintos sectores de atención (público, de obras sociales y privado). Se presentan algunos datos referidos a dos aspectos de la atención: Utilización de técnicas y procedimientos biomédicos (pujar, jadear, episiotomía, anestesia, etc.) y consideración de las relaciones interpersonales en el proceso de atención (continuidad de la atención, rol del padre, favorecimiento del vínculo madre-hijo, etc.). Se observa que se utilizan modalidades de atención diferenciales según sectores de atención: son más tecnologizadas y medicalizadas en el sector privado. A la vez en éste se consideran más las relaciones interpersonales que favorecen la atención. Además, las opiniones de los profesionales, en cuanto a lo que cosideran adecuado, concuerdan más con las de las madres de dicho sector, siendo sus necesidades satisfechas en mayor medida que las de las demás. Resulta así que las necesidades de las mayorías - las que se atienden en servicios privados y de obras sociales - son cubiertas en menor medida, no qual se opone a un enfoque de riesgo que vuelca sus recursos en los grupos considerados vulnerables.