Applying Problem-Based Project-Organized Learning in a traditional system

Nowadays, PBL is considered a suitable methodology for engineering education. But making the most of this methodology requires some features, such as multidisciplinary, illstructured teamwork and autonomous research that sometimes are not easy to achieve. In fact, traditional university systems, including curricula, teaching methodologies, assessment and regulation, do not help the implementation of these features. Firstly, we look through the main differences found between a traditional system and the Aalborg model, considered a reference point in PBL. Then, this work is aimed at detecting the main obstacles that a standing traditional system presents to PBL implementation. A multifaceted PBL experience, covering three different disciplines, brings us to analyse these difficulties, order them according to its importance and decide which should be the first changes. Finally, we propose a straightforward introduction of generic competences in the curricula aimed at supporting the use of Problem-Based Project-Organized Learning

Small Projects: A Method for improving Learning.

Ideas concerning problem-based learning (PBL) developed after running different experiences in different Spanish Universities, are discussed. The driver for introducing PBL has been the requirement for studying Mathematics by the Engineering students. A methodology hybrid of problem-based learning for Mathematics in Engineering studies is proposed. The model is a combination of formal lectures, practical and laboratory sessions with autonomous small projects.

An approach to stakeholders involvement in the preparedness for nuclear and radiological emergency response & recovery in Spain

The elaboration of a generic decision-making strategy to address the evolution of an emergency situation, from the stages of response to recovery, and including a planning stage, can facilitate timely, effective and consistent decision making by the response organisations at every level within the emergency management structure and between countries, helping to ensure optimal protection of health, environment, and society. The degree of involvement of stakeholders in this process is a key strategic element for strengthening the local preparedness and response and can help a successful countermeasures strategy. A significant progress was made with the multi-national European project EURANOS (2004-2009) which brought together best practice, knowledge and technology to enhance the preparedness for Europe's response to any radiation emergency and long term contamination. The subsequent establishment of a European Technology Platform and the recent launch of the research project NERIS-TP ("Towards a self sustaining European Technology Platform (NERIS-TP) on Preparedness for Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Response and Recovery") are aimed to continue with the remaining tasks for gaining appropriate levels of emergency preparedness at local level in most European countries. One of the objectives of the NERIS-TP project is: Strengthen the preparedness at the local/national level by setting up dedicated fora and developing new tools or adapting the tools developed within the EURANOS projects (such as the governance framework for preparedness, the handbooks on countermeasures, the RODOS system, and the MOIRA DSS for long term contamination in catchments) to meet the needs of local communities. CIEMAT and UPM in close interaction with the Nuclear Safety Council will explore, within this project, the use and application in Spain of such technical tools, including other national tools and information and communication strategies to foster cooperation between local, national and international stakeholders. The aim is identify and involve relevant stakeholders in emergency preparedness to improve the development and implementation of appropriate protection strategies as part of the consequence management and the transition to recovery. In this paper, an overview of the "state of the art" on this area in Spain and the methodology and work Plan proposed by the Spanish group within the project NERIS to grow the stakeholder involvement in the preparedness to emergency response and recovery is presented.

Digital libraries for the preservation of research methods and associated artifacts

New digital artifacts are emerging in data-intensive science. For example, scientific workflows are executable descriptions of scientific procedures that define the sequence of computational steps in an automated data analysis, supporting reproducible research and the sharing and replication of best-practice and know-how through reuse. Workflows are specified at design time and interpreted through their execution in a variety of situations, environments, and domains. Hence it is essential to preserve both their static and dynamic aspects, along with the research context in which they are used. To achieve this, we propose the use of multidimensional digital objects (Research Objects) that aggregate the resources used and/or produced in scientific investigations, including workflow models, provenance of their executions, and links to the relevant associated resources, along with the provision of technological support for their preservation and efficient retrieval and reuse. In this direction, we specified a software architecture for the design and implementation of a Research Object preservation system, and realized this architecture with a set of services and clients, drawing together practices in digital libraries, preservation systems, workflow management, social networking and Semantic Web technologies. In this paper, we describe the backbone system of this realization, a digital library system built on top of dLibra.

Consultoría en el marco económico-financiero de la empresa

Muchas de las grandes iniciativas empresariales, se ven truncadas por falta de un adecuado análisis económico-financiero. Incluso, muchas grandes ideas no son implantadas correctamente en el primer intento por este motivo, y son otras personas las que consiguen posteriormente el éxito de esas brillantes ideas gracias a una correcta aproximación financiera. Las empresas necesitan definir sus objetivos, establecer las para lograrlos, identificar las personas responsables de su ejecución (sus roles y funciones) y elaborar un plan económico-financiero que recoja el estudio de inversiones necesarias, el análisis de costes, la previsión de ingresos, así como la estrategia financiera más adecuada para la captación de los fondos necesarios para llevar a cabo las acciones programadas. Una vez iniciado el proyecto empresarial, será imprescindible realizar un seguimiento y control de la evolución (integración), tomando las medidas que se estimen oportunas para mantener el rumbo adecuado durante todo el tiempo de actividad. En este trabajo, aplicaremos las metodologías y buenas prácticas de la gestión de proyectos, como marco estructurado que nos permita abordar las principales cuestiones económico-financieras a tener en cuenta a la hora de enfrentarnos a un proyecto empresarial, para contribuir, en la medida de lo posible, a que los emprendedores tengan en cuenta estas cuestiones, facilitando así el desarrollo de negocios, en un difícil entorno económico de crisis como el que actualmente estamos viviendo en España, y animando de esta manera a optar por la iniciativa emprendedora, tratando de minimizar el riesgo en base al contenido. ---ABSTRACT---Lack of adequate economic and financial analysis truncates many of the entrepreneurship and innovation programs. Because of that reason, many great ideas are not even correctly implemented on the first attempt, and the person who finds the proper financial approach, succeed. All the enterprises have to establish clear objectives, actions to accomplish those objectives, assign roles, responsibilities and executive functions to specific people. Elaborate funding plan that contains surveys on necessary investments, cost analysis, estimate the income, liquid assets and also financial strategy suitable for fundraising to finance programmed actions. Once the project has been executed it is essential to monitor and control the development and integration adopting measures accordingly to the needs. This thesis applies methodology and best practice of project management as structured framework for the principal economic and financial issues facing business project. It is necessary contribution to entrepreneurs understanding of business, therefore facilitates business development in such rough environment as Spain is at this moment, and at the same time encourages adopting entrepreneur’s solution as less risky one. This document aims to explore all the economic and financial issues from methodological point of view based on my own professional experience, resulting in helping to understand the importance that economy and finances have in developing adequate corporate strategy. Crisis has highlighted inadequate functionality of many companies. Most popular first symptom is lack of cash flow that deteriorates the company, and results in suspension of payments followed by closing. In other cases, difficulties appear due to poor financial management of committed resources; to be observed in lack of prevision and planning or incorrect basic functionality and operational matters on daily basis. What would be your advice to someone who have magnificent business idea however no knowledge on how to handle finances in order to succeed in initiating and executing the project? Despite of the fact that the central nucleus of this paper is at economics and finances area, all the other concepts and topics given during master will be revived; for example business strategy, consultants abilities, organization and standard processes, among others, are impregnated with knowledge of project management.

Guía para el desarrollo de software seguro

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) es el resultado de la necesidad de la seguridad en la construcción del software ya que es uno de los mayores problemas con que se enfrenta hoy la industria debido a la baja calidad de la misma tanto en software de Sistema Operativo, como empotrado y de aplicaciones. La creciente dependencia de software para que se hagan trabajos críticos significa que el valor del software ya no reside únicamente en su capacidad para mejorar o mantener la productividad y la eficiencia. En lugar de ello, su valor también se deriva de su capacidad para continuar operando de forma fiable incluso de cara de los eventos que la amenazan. La capacidad de confiar en que el software seguirá siendo fiable en cualquier circunstancia, con un nivel de confianza justificada, es el objetivo de la seguridad del software. Seguridad del software es importante porque muchas funciones críticas son completamente dependientes del software. Esto hace que el software sea un objetivo de valor muy alto para los atacantes, cuyos motivos pueden ser maliciosos, penales, contenciosos, competitivos, o de naturaleza terrorista. Existen fuentes muy importantes de mejores prácticas, métodos y herramientas para mejorar desde los requisitos en sus aspectos no funcionales, ciclo de vida del software seguro, pasando por la dirección de proyectos hasta su desarrollo, pruebas y despliegue que debe ser tenido en cuenta por los desarrolladores. Este trabajo se centra fundamentalmente en elaborar una guía de mejores prácticas con la información existente CERT, CMMI, Mitre, Cigital, HP, y otras fuentes. También se plantea desarrollar un caso práctico sobre una aplicación dinámica o estática con el fin de explotar sus vulnerabilidades.---ABSTRACT---This Final Project Grade (TFG) is the result of the need for security in software construction as it is one of the biggest problems facing the industry today due to the low quality of it both OS software, embedded software and applications software. The increasing reliance on software for critical jobs means that the value of the software no longer resides solely in its capacity to improve or maintain productivity and efficiency. Instead, its value also stems from its ability to continue to operate reliably even when facing events that threaten it. The ability to trust that the software will remain reliable in all circumstances, with justified confidence level is the goal of software security. The security in software is important because many critical functions are completely dependent of the software. This makes the software to be a very high value target for attackers, whose motives may be by a malicious, by crime, for litigating, by competitiveness or by a terrorist nature. There are very important sources of best practices, methods and tools to improve the requirements in their non-functional aspects, the software life cycle with security in mind, from project management to its phases (development, testing and deployment) which should be taken into account by the developers. This paper focuses primarily on developing a best practice guide with existing information from CERT, CMMI, Mitre, Cigital, HP, and other organizations. It also aims to develop a case study on a dynamic or static application in order to exploit their vulnerabilities.

Global research alliance modelling platform (GRAMP): an open web platform for modelling greenhouse gas emissions from agro-ecosystems

Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) process-based models are important tools for estimating and reporting greenhouse gas emissions and changes in soil C stocks. There is a need for continuous evaluation, development and adaptation of these models to improve scientific understanding, national inventories and assessment of mitigation options across the world. To date, much of the information needed to describe different processes like transpiration, photosynthesis, plant growth and maintenance, above and below ground carbon dynamics, decomposition and nitrogen mineralization. In ecosystem models remains inaccessible to the wider community, being stored within model computer source code, or held internally by modelling teams. Here we describe the Global Research Alliance Modelling Platform (GRAMP), a web-based modelling platform to link researchers with appropriate datasets, models and training material. It will provide access to model source code and an interactive platform for researchers to form a consensus on existing methods, and to synthesize new ideas, which will help to advance progress in this area. The platform will eventually support a variety of models, but to trial the platform and test the architecture and functionality, it was piloted with variants of the DNDC model. The intention is to form a worldwide collaborative network (a virtual laboratory) via an interactive website with access to models and best practice guidelines; appropriate datasets for testing, calibrating and evaluating models; on-line tutorials and links to modelling and data provider research groups, and their associated publications. A graphical user interface has been designed to view the model development tree and access all of the above functions.

Managing Soil Organic Carbon: A Farm Perspective

Farming practices that lead to declining returns and inputs of carbon to soils pose a threat to key soil functions. The EU FP 7 interdisciplinary project Smart SOIL is using scientific testing and modeling to identify management practices that can optimize soil carbon storage and crop productivity. A consultation with advisors and policymakers in six European case study regions seeks to identify barriers to, and incentives for, uptake of such practices. Results from preliminary interviews are reported. Overall advisor and farmer awareness of management practices specifically directed towards soil carbon. is low. Most production- related decisions are taken in the short term, but managing soil carbon needs a long- term approach. Key barriers to uptake of practices include: perceived scientifi c uncertainty about the effi cacy of practices; lack of real life ?best practice? examples to show farmers; diffi culty in demonstrating the positive effects of soil carbon management practices and economic benefi ts over a long time scale; and advisors being unable to provide suitable advice due to inadequate information or training. Most farmers are unconvinced of the economic benefi ts of practices for managing soil carbon. Incentives are therefore needed, either as subsidies or as evidence of the cost effectiveness of practices. All new measures and advice should be integrated into existing programmes to avoid a fragmented policy approach.

Changes in the governance system for higher education in Peru to meet the challenges of the 21st century

The competition in markets, the distribution of limited resources based on productivity and performance, and the efficient management of universities are changing the criteria of trust and legitimacy of the educational system in Peru. Universities are perceived more as institutions of the public sector, while the services they offer must rather contribute to the modernization of the emerging society and the knowledge economy. Higher Educations reforms - initiated in the 1980s - have been inspired by the successful university organizations that have managed to change their governance and addressed to transform certain bureaucratic institutions into organizations capable of playing active role in this global competition for resources and best talent. Within this context, Peruvian universities are facing two major challenges: adapting themselves to new global perspectives and being able to develop a better response to society demands, needs and expectations. This article proposes a model of governance system for higher education in Peru that gives a comprehensive solution to these challenges, allowing dealing with the problems of universities for their development and inclusion within the global trends. For this purpose, a holistic and qualitative methodologic approach was developed, considering an integrated method which considered educational reality as a whole, understanding its facts, components and elements that affects its outcomes. It is proposed to define a policy for university education in Peru that permeates society, by changing the planning model from a social reform model to a policy analysis model, where the Peruvian State acts as sole responsible for responding to the demanding society as its legal representative complemented with some external and independent bodies that define the basis of best practice, as it is being done in many university models worldwide.

Análisis experimental de las transmisiones indirectas en particiones de doble hoja de fábrica de ladrillo, propuesta de métodos de cuantificación para la mejora del aislamiento acústico

Esta investigación aborda el estudio de la influencia de las uniones en el aislamiento acústico a ruido aéreo en los edificios y el análisis de las transmisiones indirectas producidas en particiones de dos hojas de ladrillo cerámico sobre bandas elásticas. La transmisión de ruido entre dos recintos separados por una partición se produce por dos vías: La vía directa a través del elemento que separa los dos recintos y la vía indirecta, a través de los elementos de flanco, como forjados, particiones, fachadas, etc. que conectados a dicho elemento de separación, vibran en presencia del campo acústico transmitiendo sus vibraciones al recinto receptor. Si las transmisiones indirectas son dominantes, el aislamiento acústico “in situ” puede ser menor que el esperado. El parámetro que expresa la atenuación acústica en las uniones es el índice de reducción vibracional en la unión o Kij. Éste parámetro se utiliza en los métodos de cálculo del aislamiento acústico a ruido aéreo, que permiten la justificación del cumplimiento de la normativa actual, el Documento Básico DB HR Protección frente al ruido del CTE. La determinación de los índices Kij de las uniones es una cuestión que debe abordarse de forma experimental. Existen diferentes expresiones empíricas obtenidas en varios laboratorios europeos que permiten el cálculo del índice Kij, pero no se han validado con ensayos realizados en soluciones habituales en la construcción española, como las estudiadas en este trabajo. El objetivo de este trabajo es la medida, análisis y cuantificación de las transmisiones indirectas producidas en las uniones de elementos de dos hojas de fábrica de ladrillo cerámico. Se ha recurrido a una campaña de ensayos en la que se reproducían las condiciones de un edificio real y se ha medido el aislamiento acústico a ruido aéreo y los índices Kij de diferentes configuraciones de uniones. Del análisis de los resultados, se demuestra que el aislamiento acústico a ruido aéreo depende de las uniones, pudiéndose obtener mejoras significativas al variar la forma de unión entre los elementos constructivos. Las mejoras de aislamiento acústico están relacionadas con un buen diseño de las uniones y con valores elevados del índice Kij. Este trabajo aporta valores experimentales de Kij para soluciones de fábrica de ladrillo y pone en discusión los valores teóricos que actualmente aparecen en la normativa vigente. ABSTRACT This research work deals with the effects of junction construction details on airborne sound insulation in buildings and the analysis of flanking transmissions across double ceramic brick walls with elastic interlayers. The sound transmission between two adjacent rooms comprises two paths: the direct path, caused by the incident sound on a separating wall, and the indirect path, through flanking elements connected to the separating wall, such as floors, internal walls, ceilings, etc. Flanking elements vibrate when excited in the sound field, thus transferring sound via structure borne to the receiving room. Dominant flanking transmissions can decrease the field sound insulation performance of the building. The vibration reduction index, Kij. expresses the acoustic attenuation of construction joints. This is an input parameter in the calculation models designed to estimate the airborne sound insulation between adjoining rooms in buildings. These models are used to comply with the acoustic requirements set by Basic Document DB HR Protection against noise included in the Spanish Building Code. The characterization of Kij. must be addressed experimentally by means of measurements. The available empirical Kij. formulae were developed in different European laboratories, but they have not been validated with standard tests performed on common Spanish walls, such as those studied in this work. The aim of this work is the measurement, analysis and quantification of indirect transmissions though joints of double ceramic brick walls. Airborne sound insulation tests and Kij measurements were performed in a laboratory which emulated the conditions of a real building. These tests were performed in different partitions whose joints were modified. It follows from the analysis of the results that airborne sound insulation depends strongly on the design of joints. Sound insulation improves when the joints between construction elements are modified to eliminate acoustic bridges. The increase in sound insulation corresponds to best practice design of joints and to high Kij values. This research work provides experimental Kij data of double ceramic brick walls and the results put in discussion the theoretical values set in the current Standards.

A SEGMENTAÇÃO DE PÚBLICOS NA COMUNICAÇÃO EMPRESARIAL: UMA AVALIAÇÃO CRÍTICA

A dissertação tem como base a importância do entendimento a respeito dos relacionamentos organizacionais para uma abordagem segmentada dos públicos na comunicação empresarial. A partir de uma reflexão teórica sobre o assunto e da observação de práticas atuais de mercado, foram estabelecidos parâmetros que contribuem para uma conceituação mais precisa dos interlocutores das corporações, no sentido de prover suas demandas informacionais. Tanto na análise das obras consultadas quanto na avaliação dos resultados da pesquisa com empresas de tradição na área de comunicação, demonstrou-se que há lacunas importantes a serem preenchidas. Entes elas, a inexistência de mecanismos que possam aferir com maior precisão as expectativas dos vários segmentos de público em relação à comunicação das empresas, em uma via de mão-dupla, bem como a falta de canais de comunicação regulares com determinados grupos, notadamente no âmbito externo. As análises apontam para a adoção de um sistema de gestão do conhecimento focado nos públicos como elemento fundamental para a eficácia dos processos comunicacionais.(AU)

A SEGMENTAÇÃO DE PÚBLICOS NA COMUNICAÇÃO EMPRESARIAL: UMA AVALIAÇÃO CRÍTICA

A dissertação tem como base a importância do entendimento a respeito dos relacionamentos organizacionais para uma abordagem segmentada dos públicos na comunicação empresarial. A partir de uma reflexão teórica sobre o assunto e da observação de práticas atuais de mercado, foram estabelecidos parâmetros que contribuem para uma conceituação mais precisa dos interlocutores das corporações, no sentido de prover suas demandas informacionais. Tanto na análise das obras consultadas quanto na avaliação dos resultados da pesquisa com empresas de tradição na área de comunicação, demonstrou-se que há lacunas importantes a serem preenchidas. Entes elas, a inexistência de mecanismos que possam aferir com maior precisão as expectativas dos vários segmentos de público em relação à comunicação das empresas, em uma via de mão-dupla, bem como a falta de canais de comunicação regulares com determinados grupos, notadamente no âmbito externo. As análises apontam para a adoção de um sistema de gestão do conhecimento focado nos públicos como elemento fundamental para a eficácia dos processos comunicacionais.(AU)

Customizing for clients: developing a library liaison program from need to plan*

Building on the experiences of librarian representatives to curriculum committees in the colleges of dentistry, medicine, and nursing, the Health Science Center Libraries (HSCL) Strategic Plan recommended the formation of a Library Liaison Work Group to create a formal Library Liaison Program to serve the six Health Science Center (HSC) colleges and several affiliated centers and institutes. The work group's charge was to define the purpose and scope of the program, identify models of best practice, and recommend activities for liaisons. The work group gathered background information, performed an environmental scan, and developed a philosophy statement, a program of liaison activities focusing on seven |primary areas, and a forum for liaison communication. Hallmarks of the plan included intensive subject specialization (beyond collection development), extensive communication with users, and personal information services. Specialization was expected to promote competence, communication, confidence, comfort, and customization. Development of the program required close coordination with other strategic plan implementation teams, including teams for collection development, education, and marketing. This paper discusses the HSCL's planning process and the resulting Library Liaison Program. Although focusing on an academic health center, the planning process and liaison model may be applied to any library serving diverse, subject-specific user populations.

Avaliação de boas práticas em saúde mental na atenção psicossocial

A partir do redirecionamento do modelo assistencial no Brasil emerge a necessidade de discussão da reinvenção de práticas alinhadas com o cenário de transformações. As práticas agora devem se desenvolver no sentido de superar o isolamento das grades, dos muros e das chaves, do apagamento do sujeito, da supressão de sintomas e das personalidades dos sujeitos em sofrimento psíquico. Diante disso, é que este estudo tem como objetivos avaliar boas práticas em saúde mental na atenção psicossocial no contexto de um município da região Sul do Brasil. Para tanto, organizou-se como uma pesquisa avaliativa construtivista, com enfoque responsivo, a medida que desenvolve um consenso critico entre os grupos de interesse. Está baseada na Avaliação de Quarta Geração, proposta por Guba e Lincoln (2011), que emerge como opção metodológica e se articula com o referencial teórico das \"Boas Práticas em Saúde Mental Comunitária\", proposto por Thornicroft e Tansella (2010). Este é apresentado de modo a identificar boas práticas na saúde mental, com base na articulação de 3 eixos indispensáveis e indissociáveis: a ética, como princípio fundamental que deverá orientar o planejamento, a assistência e a avaliação dos serviços. A evidência deve embasar as intervenções e serviços. E a experiência como uma evidência do que vem sendo produzido nas experiências locais e regionais de organização da rede de serviços. Como resultado do processo as práticas de Acolhimento, Projeto Terapêutico Singular e Transferência de Cuidados emergiram para discussão. O Acolhimento torna-se concreto nas ações da Porta Aberta, e significa escuta qualificada no momento em que a necessidade emerge, além de representar a oferta de atenção de qualidade baseada no processo relacional que fortalece o estabelecimento de vínculos e a construção de projetos de vida. O Projeto Terapêutico Singular apresenta-se como uma boa prática, a medida que é capaz de dar resposta singularizada e individualizada às necessidades do sujeito, de modo a oportunizar como resultado uma pessoa capaz de andar na vida. É definido de forma compartilhada entre equipe, usuário e família, segundo os objetivos terapêuticos para cada sujeito, e utiliza o técnico de referência, as mini equipes, as oficinas terapêuticas, os grupos terapêuticos, as assembleias, enfim, ofertas e propostas que permitem ao sujeito retomar o envolvimento com os espaços da cidade, no caminho da produção de vida. Com relação à Transferência de Cuidados, esta possibilita ao sujeito que vive o processo não só circular em uma rede de serviços, mas, acima de tudo, buscar, com suporte dela, sua emancipação. Para tanto, investe em práticas que estimulem a autonomia dos sujeitos, por meio de instrumentos como o Acompanhamento Terapêutico, Grupo de Apoio à Alta, espaços de decisões e discussões, estímulo à busca e resolução de problemas, atividades de reconhecimento dos espaços da cidade, transporte, cultura e lazer. Além disso, investe nas ações com a Atenção Básica, a partir do Apoio Matricial com processos de formação continuada com as equipes, e mapeamento da situação da saúde mental nos territórios. Ao final deste estudo, é possível concluir que o modelo de atenção psicossocial demonstrou potencialidade de produzir boas práticas na atenção à saúde mental, e que estas tem transformado a vida dos sujeitos em sofrimento psíquico, bem como tem auxiliado no processo de reconquista de espaços sociais

Perspectivas em exercício: Uma investigação sobre a lógica administrativa e o engajamento subjetivo no trabalho

Esta pesquisa tem como tema os discursos que circulam e estruturam o ambiente de trabalho nas empresas. De forma geral, busca-se compreender a lógica administrativa que, no limite, exerce uma condução da subjetividade dos trabalhadores. Temos por objetivos: 1) identificar como nas escolas do pensamento administrativo do século XX o engajamento do trabalho é requerido dos trabalhadores; 2) pretendemos discutir uma possível caracterização do discurso e dos usos da administração, como campo de conhecimento sobre o trabalho, dentro das organizações. Para tanto, estabelecemos como panorama teórico-metodológico nas ideias centrais de Michel Foucault em suas análises sobre a funcionalidade do poder e seus dispositivos. Propusemos uma perspectiva arqueogenealógica para a estudar o tema trabalho por meio da lógica da administração e do engajamento. Para estruturar esta análise, selecionamos disciplinas oferecidas e examinamos ementas e referências de leituras nos cursos de graduação da Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (EAESP-FGV) e do curso de Administração da Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo (FEA-USP). Diante do contato com a discursividade administrativa pudemos formular algumas reflexões. A Administração de Empresas é a ciência da demonstração, pautada na dominação da realidade por uma dita eficiência. É o que se faz produtivo da realidade ou o que se produz nela que se torna científico. Não há discussão, nos registros aqui investigados, de um questionamento sobre o discurso de eficiência, de melhores práticas e da localização das organizações como construções historicamente produzidas, apenas como produtoras de determinações. Não parece haver a possibilidade de desnaturalizar a empresa. A administração parece estar pautada em uma duplicação da dominação como a profissão que é moldada ao moldar o trabalho. Partimos também da análise do que se nomeia engajamento para compreender o que é requerido do trabalhador para além do contrato de trabalho e de sua produtividade material. Neste sentido, o trabalho torna-se uma experiência de educação em contínua e ininterrupta vigilância pedagógica. O efeito moral das técnicas e das provas nas correntes de pensamento da administração permite uma condução técnica e do modo de viver dos trabalhadores. Nesse sentido, a administração, propõe o aperfeiçoamento do cuidado de si no trabalho e para o trabalho. As disciplinas então se duplicam: pelo exterior, por meio da regra pautada na estrutura formal da autoridade da fábrica/empresa com o governo dos corpos; e pelo interior por meio de uma sujeição por identidade, pela estilização da vida