Os inéditos-viáveis na e da formação continuada de professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais da educação de jovens e adultos

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2016.

Análise não linear de séries temporais e aplicações à Psicologia

Nesta dissertação estudámos as séries temporais que representam a complexa dinâmica do comportamento. Demos especial atenção às técnicas de dinâmica não linear. As técnicas fornecem-nos uma quantidade de índices quantitativos que servem para descrever as propriedades dinâmicas do sistema. Estes índices têm sido intensivamente usados nos últimos anos em aplicações práticas em Psicologia. Estudámos alguns conceitos básicos de dinâmica não linear, as características dos sistemas caóticos e algumas grandezas que caracterizam os sistemas dinâmicos, que incluem a dimensão fractal, que indica a complexidade de informação contida na série temporal, os expoentes de Lyapunov, que indicam a taxa com que pontos arbitrariamente próximos no espaço de fases da representação do espaço dinâmico, divergem ao longo do tempo, ou a entropia aproximada, que mede o grau de imprevisibilidade de uma série temporal. Esta informação pode então ser usada para compreender, e possivelmente prever, o comportamento. ABSTRACT: ln this thesis we studied the time series that represent the complex dynamic behavior. We focused on techniques of nonlinear dynamics. The techniques provide us a number of quantitative indices used to describe the dynamic properties of the system. These indices have been extensively used in recent years in practical applications in psychology. We studied some basic concepts of nonlinear dynamics, the characteristics of chaotic systems and some quantities that characterize the dynamic systems, including fractal dimension, indicating the complexity of information in the series, the Lyapunov exponents, which indicate the rate at that arbitrarily dose points in phase space representation of a dynamic, vary over time, or the approximate entropy, which measures the degree of unpredictability of a series. This information can then be used to understand and possibly predict the behavior.

Séries de vegetação prioritárias para a conservação no centro e sul de Portugal continental

Como corolário de vários estudos geobotânicos realizados, no sudoeste Ibérico, no âmbito do seminário internacional Gestão e Conservação da Biodiversidade VIII, apresentou-se uma conferência sobre as principais séries de vegetação prioritárias para a conservação no centro e sul de Portugal continental. Assim, neste trabalho, após uma breve introdução apresenta-se uma súmula da caracterização biofísica deste território e um conjunto de séries singulares destas superfícies. Assim, selecionaram-se as séries de vegetação potencial climatófilas, edafoxerófilas e edafo-higrófilas que possuem, do ponto de vista corológico ou florístico, maior originalidade. Dentro destas, com elevado valor conservacionista, destacam-se quatro séries de sobreirais de Quercus suber, seis carvalhais de folha marcescente (três de Quercus broteroi, uma de Quercus canariensis, uma de Quercus marianaica e uma de Quercus pyrenaica), seis de zimbrais (quatro de Juniperus turbinata, uma de Juniperus navicularis e uma de Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. lagunae), um carrascal arbóreo (Quercus rivasmartinezii), um zambujal (Olea europaea var. sylvestris), um salgueiral (Salix salviifolia subsp. australis) e duas comunidades arborescentes de cursos de água torrenciais (Nerium oleander e Flueggea tinctoria). Porém, algumas destas séries encerram o seu volar, particularmente nas suas etapas seriais, essencialmente devido à presença de plantas endémicas e/ou com estatuto de proteção legal. Neste sentido, salienta-se ainda ao nível da série, a sinecologia, a sincorologia e a sinestrutura. Contudo, a revisão da dinâmica serial e os trabalhos de campo efectuados recentemente, permitiram a identificação de uma nova associação vegetal descrita no presente trabalho, no âmbito das séries de Aro neglecti-Querco suberis sigmetum. Finalmente expõem-se alguns dados relativos ao estado de conservação das etapas seriais mais próximas do clímax, apresentando-se sugestões que visam a recuperação e valorização destes habitats boscosos, tendo em vista a criação e consolidação de uma estratégia nacional de conservação.

Efeito das infestações iniciais de gaiolas de criação com adultos de psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) na sua longevidade.

2008

Séries temporais de EVI/MODIS na identificação da dinâmica da soja em sistema plantio direto no Mato Grosso, Brasil.

As respostas espectrais monitoradas pelo sensor MODIS (MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) podem auxiliar não apenas na identificação dos cultivos, mas também no sistema de manejo adotado pelos produtores rurais de uma região. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar respostas da soja através de índices de vegetação realçado (EVI) extraídos do MODIS como resposta a dinâmica da soja em sistema plantio direto no Estado de Mato Grosso. A área considerada abrange 23 municípios mais representativos na produção de soja no Estado, respondendo no ano agrícola de 2005-2006 a cerca de 65% da produção de soja no Estado. O índice biofísico EVI é eficiente para mapear áreas com cultivos de soja e identificar áreas que adotam práticas conservacionistas como as preconizadas pelo sistema plantio direto. A evolução espaço-temporal do plantio direto apontado pelas respostas espectrais aponta que houve influência sócio-cultural na adoção de práticas do sistema plantio direto, pelos produtores rurais do Estado de Mato Grosso.

Estudos iniciais visando estimar a taxa de cruzamentos naturais em acessos sexuais de Paspalum.

2016

Controle de pragas iniciais de sorgo sacarino com inseticidas químicos.

2016

O valor do diploma nas práticas de recrutamento de grandes empresas

Studies show that higher level diplomas make access to well-paid jobs easier and are an important source of prestige and social honor in Brazil. However, a broad literature today indicates a reduction of the importance of the diploma in hiring processes and argues that having a diploma becomes less and less sufficient for getting a job. This article examines the processes of selection of recently graduated engineers by eight large companies in the region of Campinas. Based on interviews with the main actors of the selection processes and on observation of the initial steps of a selection carried out by a consultancy company hired by one of the companies, the study shows that the weight of a diploma from a prestigious university is still the most important variable for the hiring decision, as it defines not only whether it will be possible to get the job or not, but also the access to vacancies that lead to better paid and more prestigious managerial positions. Finally, it discusses theoretical implications as well as what these results suggest in terms of public policies.

Levantamento fitossociológico e caráter sucessional de um trecho de floresta secundária ciliar em Juquitiba, SP, Brasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the horizontal and vertical structures of tree community in regeneration in a fragment of a secondary riparian forest at approximately 30 years of age and to identify the most abundant species in each fragment of the forest to determine the sucessional stage. An area of 800 m² was subdivided into 16 samples of 10 x 5 m and all individuals with DBH ≥ 1 cm were sampled and identified for the following analyzes: horizontal parameters (DR, FR, DoR, IVC and IVI), vertical parameters (PSR and RNR) and mixed parameters, from of value of increased importance index (IVIa). The survey measured 689 individuals, belonging to 38 families, 74 genus and 109 species. The total density was 8,614 individuals/ha. The index of Shannon´s diversity was 3.99 and the index of Pielou´s equability was 0.85. Tibouchina pulchra, Psychotria suterella and Endlicheria paniculata obtained high values of IVIa. Guarea macrophylla, Gomidesia anacardiaefolia, Xylopia langsdorffiana and Endlicheria paniculata achieved high values of RNT, indicating adequate natural regeneration in the plot. The initial secondary and umbrophylous species showed the highest ecological importance in this fragment of the forest, with the highest values of sociologic position and importance index. Furthermore, the presence of late secondary species in all layers suggest that the studied fragment is in intermediate succession degree.

Sistematização do dimensionamento técnico e econômico de sistemas fotovoltaicos isolados por meio de programa computacional

One of the main referring subjects to the solar energy is how to compare it economically with other sources of energy, as much alternatives as with conventionals (like the electric grid). The purpose of this work was to develop a software which congregates the technical and economic main data to identify, through methods of microeconomic analysis, the commercial viability in the sizing of photovoltaic systems, besides considering the benefits proceeding from the proper energy generation. Considering the period of useful life of the components of the generation system of photovoltaic electricity, the costs of the energy proceeding from the conventional grid had been identified. For the comparison of the conventional sources, electric grid and diesel generation, three scenes of costs of photovoltaic panels and two for the factor of availability of diesel generation had been used. The results have shown that if the cost of the panels is low and the place of installation is more distant of the electric grid, the photovoltaic system becomes the best option.

Modelo dinâmico de simulação e otimização da força normal de reação do solo para um mecanismo de corte basal

The physical model was based on the method of Newton-Euler. The model was developed by using the scientific computer program Mathematica®. Several simulations where tried varying the progress speeds (0.69; 1.12; 1.48; 1.82 and 2.12 m s-1); soil profiles (sinoidal, ascending and descending ramp) and height of the profile (0.025 and 0.05 m) to obtain the normal force of soil reaction. After the initial simulations, the mechanism was optimized using the scientific computer program Matlab® having as criterion (function-objective) the minimization of the normal force of reaction of the profile (FN). The project variables were the lengths of the bars (L1y, L2, l3 and L4), height of the operation (L7), the initial length of the spring (Lmo) and the elastic constant of the spring (k t). The lack of robustness of the mechanism in relation to the variable height of the operation was outlined by using a spring with low rigidity and large length. The results demonstrated that the mechanism optimized showed better flotation performance in relation to the initial mechanism.

Formação das substâncias de reserva durante o desenvolvimento de sementes de urucum (Bixa orellana L. - Bixaceae)

Annatto seeds do not germinate during early stages of their development because of insufficient reserve substances. In situ analysis showed that the principal reserves are proteins and starch, deposited in endosperm cells. During the early stages of development, the starch grains were elliptic, because amylose was the minor component. During development, these grains became more spherical due to an increase in amylose relative to amylopectin. Endosperm cells do not contain protein bodies, but they accumulate proteins dispersed in the cytoplasm. At the final stage of development the proteins became compacted due to the dehydration of the seeds wich is part of the global process of orthodox seeds maturation. Natural fluorescence revealed aromatic amino acids, principally tryptophan and tyrosine in the proteins. The seeds reached their maximum dry weight after moisture contents had declined to around 60%. At this point the seeds presented maximum germination capacity.

Abundância de ramos reprodutivos e produção de sementes em populações de Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. na Ilha de Santa Catarina, Brasil

The variation in the proportion of reproductive branches, fruit, and seed production of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. (Convolvulaceae) were evaluated at ten beaches on Santa Catarina Island, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Three patches per beach of Ipomoea pes-caprae were monitored, involving two reproductive cycles. Ipomoea pes-caprae presented initially an average length of patches of 14 m, with 9.6 branches/m² and 39% of reproductive branches. The proportion of reproductive branches varied between the cycles, but there was not noticed an alternation of reproductive effort between the subsequent cycles. There was a reduction in the percentage of reproductive branches at six localities. In four beaches where Ipomoea pes-caprae populations declined, occurred reduction in the reproductive vigor, and in the seed production, being these declines associated to strong sea erosion. In another hand, in one beach with population increase, there were little reproductive branches due to the occurrence of young stolons. Four patches never maturated fruits, being three of these located at small beaches. The fruit and seed productions in the patches showed values up to 40 fruits/m² and up to 140 seeds/m², respectively. Populations with great seed production were localized in areas adjacent to great coastal plains, which may represent potential seed sources for areas with small seed production in the island.

O comportamento de crianças durante atendimento odontológico

This research intended to investigate the use of diazepam in conjunction with behavioral strategies to manage uncooperative behavior of child dental patients. The 6 participants received dental treatment during 9 sessions. Using a double-blind design, children received placebo or diazepam and at the same time were submitted to behavior management produces (distraction, explanation, reinforcement and set rule and limits). All sessions were recorded in video-tapes biped in 15 seconds intervals, in which observers recorded child's (crying, body and/or head movements, escape and avoidance) and dentist's behavior. The results indicated that diazepam, considering the used dose, was only effective with one subject. The other participants didn't permit the treatment and showed an increase in their resistance. The behavioral preparation strategies for dental treatment should have been more precisely planned in order to help the child to face the real dental treatment conditions mainly in the first sessions avoiding to reinforce inappropriate behaviors.

A motivação de alunos no contexto da progressão continuada

This study investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic motivacional orientations of students in the context of the educational continuous progression. The sample was composed of 160 subjects of second, fourth, sixth and eighth grades of the elementary school. Data was collected by means of the presentation of histories involving the intrinsic, extrinsic motivation and the educational continuous progression system. Subjects were interviewed individually. Their answers were transcribed verbatim and submitted to content analysis. Results indicated that a expressive percentage of students did not know the educational system of continuous progression. Students revealed a predominantly intrinsic motivation orientation with advances in age and in school grade level, even though knowing that they will not repeat any school grade. This study pointed out the importance of deepening our knowledge concerning the impact of the educational continuous progression in students' motivation to learn.