874 resultados para English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL)
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O estudo aqui empreendido sobre o Simbolismo sonoro no Português Brasileiro foi um desafio. Principalmente, pelas parcas referências sobre o assunto na língua portuguesa. Tal processo ainda não foi estudado, com particular inclinação no Português brasileiro, mas, entre poucos, alguns estudos existentes podem ser encontrados em outras línguas, como: bengali (DIMOCK, 1957), Bini (WESCOTT, 1973), koreano (LEE, 1992), na variedade do inglês falado em Singapura (LIM, 1998) e japonês (TAKEMOTO 1998). O atual estudo propõe-se a verificar a presença de ideofônes no Português brasileiro, a partir de dados do falar paraense. Porém, se faz necessário um estudo amplo e integrado que contemple uma descrição do processo no falar de todas as regiões brasileiras.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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O presente estudo investiga as práticas avaliativas em inglês como Língua Estrangeira para Crianças (LEC) no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental das escolas públicas no município de Castanhal, PA. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar quais as orientações contidas nos documentos oficiais municipais no que diz respeito ao ensino e à avaliação em LEC, descrever as práticas avaliativas desenvolvidas pelos docentes nesse contexto, analisar a integração dessas práticas com os objetivos de ensino e aprendizagem de LEC e indicar pistas que possam, teórica e metodologicamente, tornar essas práticas mais eficazes. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter documental, na qual foram analisados os documentos oficiais que norteiam o ensino e a avaliação em LEC no município, 220 relatórios de desenvolvimento, que são o instrumento de avaliação preconizado para esse nível da escolaridade, além de entrevistas e questionários com 14 docentes que atuam nesse contexto. O referencial teórico sustenta-se nas contribuições de Cameron (2001), Strecht-Ribeiro (2005) e Scott e Ytreberg (1990) sobre o ensino-aprendizagem de LEC, bem como na discussão de alguns aspectos da avaliação da aprendizagem (HADJI, 1994; 2007; BONNIOL e VIAL, 2001; FERNANDES, 2009; PERRENOUD, 1999) e da avaliação da aprendizagem em LEC (MCKAY, 2006; IOANNOU-GEORGIOU, 2011; SHAABAN, 2001). Para a análise dos dados obtidos, foi utilizada a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo (ROSA, 2013). Os resultados da análise indicam uma ausência de coerência entre as práticas avaliativas e os objetivos e princípios do ensino de LEC. Os dados revelam ainda a falta de formação para ensinar, avaliar e elaborar programas de LEC, aliada a uma já conhecida tendência em se priorizar aspectos estruturais no ensino de línguas estrangeiras, em detrimento de atividades comunicativas. Por fim, este trabalho mostra a necessidade de promover outras pesquisas que investiguem as práticas avaliativas em LEC e, da urgência em se definir diretrizes oficiais nacionais para o ensino e avaliação que levem em consideração as características e necessidades das crianças nesse contexto.
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Valency is an inherent property of nominalizations representing higher-order entities, and as such it should be included in their underlying representation. On the basis of this assumption, I postulate that cases of non-overt arguments, which are very common in Brazilian Portuguese and in many other languages of the world, should be considered a special type of valency realization. This paper aims to give empirical support to this postulate by showing that non-overt arguments are both semantically and pragmatically motivated. The semantic and pragmatic motivations for non-overt arguments may be accounted for by the dynamic implementation of the FDG model. I argue that the way valency is realized by means of non-overt arguments suggests a strong parallelism between nominalizations and other types of non-finite embedded constructions – like infinitival and participial ones. By providing empirical evidence for this parallelism I arrive at the conclusion that there are at least three kinds of non-finite embedded constructions, rather than only two, as suggested by Dik (1997).
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Princeton WordNet (WN.Pr) lexical database has motivated efficient compilations of bulky relational lexicons since its inception in the 1980's. The EuroWordNet project, the first multilingual initiative built upon WN.Pr, opened up ways of building individual wordnets, and interrelating them by means of the so-called Inter-Lingual-Index, an unstructured list of the WN.Pr synsets. Other important initiative, relying on a slightly different method of building multilingual wordnets, is the MultiWordNet project, where the key strategy is building language specific wordnets keeping as much as possible of the semantic relations available in the WN.Pr. This paper, in particular, stresses that the additional advantage of using WN.Pr lexical database as a resource for building wordnets for other languages is to explore possibilities of implementing an automatic procedure to map the WN.Pr conceptual relations as hyponymy, co-hyponymy, troponymy, meronymy, cause, and entailment onto the lexical database of the wordnet under construction, a viable possibility, for those are language-independent relations that hold between lexicalized concepts, not between lexical units. Accordingly, combining methods from both initiatives, this paper presents the ongoing implementation of the WN.Br lexical database and the aforementioned automation procedure illustrated with a sample of the automatic encoding of the hyponymy and co-hyponymy relations.
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This paper presents some results of a study on culturally marked terms in a corpus composed by the Brazilian novel Relato de um certo oriente (1989), by Milton Hatoum, and its translation into English The tree of the seventh heaven, by Ellen Watson. For the analysis of culturally marked terms, we followed the interdisciplinary approach proposed by Camargo (2005, 2007) involving corpus-based translation studies (BAKER, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2000), and the investigations of cultural domains (NIDA, 1945; AUBERT, 1981, 2006). The methodology adopted in the present research required the software WordSmith Tools (SCOTT, 2007), which provides the necessary resources for the collection of data in a corpus of translated texts. The software tool called WordList was used for the selection of the most frequent words in the texts and also for the identification of the culturally marked terms. For the analysis of the culturally marked terms in both texts we used the software tool Concord. The results revealed that most of the culturally marked terms are inserted in the ecological domain, and the other terms are distributed in the domains of material, social and ideological culture, which reflects the theme of the book.
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Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Patient perspectives on the treatment options for maxillary defects, which include free tissue transfers or obturator prostheses, may help eliminate current uncertainty as to the best choice of treatment plan. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with maxillary defects who had undergone restoration with obturator prostheses and/or free tissue transfers. A systematic search of Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles published before April 2015 was performed by 2 independent reviewers. A manual search of articles published from January 2005 to March 2015 was also conducted. Studies published in English that evaluated the QoL in patients with head and neck cancers were included. The Cohen kappa method was used to calculate inter-reviewer agreement. Ten studies were included. The University of Washington Head and Neck Questionnaire (UW-QOL) was most commonly used to measure QoL. The majority of maxillary defects were Class IIa-b. Two studies reported that the global QoL for patients with obturator prostheses is equivalent to or even better than that of other chronic disease populations. One study revealed no significant difference in QoL when the 2 treatment options were compared. The limited data indicate that the QoL of patients treated with obturator prostheses and that of patients free of tumors is similar. Well-designed clinical studies are necessary to draw definitive conclusions about how obturator prostheses compare with free tissue transfers in terms of affecting patient QoL.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Análise de Políticas Públicas - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE