895 resultados para Distúrbios da microcirculação


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Os distúrbios do sistema nervoso central mais comuns relatados no mundo são a ansiedade e a depressão, com grande incidência de casos nos quais aparecem juntos. Os tratamentos utilizados na clínica além de não serem efetivos na totalidade dos casos podem, por vezes, apresentar diversos efeitos não desejados. Assim, na busca novas drogas mais efetivas e com menor incidência de efeitos adversos, a Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson aparece como uma alternativa. Esta espécie vegetal é utilizada na aromaterapia como na prevenção do estresse, ansiedade e depressão (BIRD, 2003). A busca de novas ferramentas terapêuticas depende do uso de animais de experimentação, e com as discussões na sociedade científica sobre o uso de animais, há uma maior preocupação em se desenvolver novas técnicas experimentais onde se possa aplicar os conceitos dos 3Rs objetivando a redução (Replacement) do número de animais, sua substituição (Reduction) e o refinamento (Refinement) das técnicas experimentais. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a atividade ansiolítica e antidepressiva do óleo essencial (OE) de Cananga odorata, em animais que foram sucessivamente submetidos a testes para avaliar a atividade motora, ansiolítica e antidepressiva. Camundongos machos foram tratados por via oral com OE nas doses de 0,1; 1, 10 e 100 mg/kg, e após 30 minutos foram submetidos ao teste do Campo Aberto, da Caixa Claro-Escuro e Suspensão pela Cauda, nesta ordem, com um intervalo de 30 minutos entre eles. Os resultados indicaram que a seqüência de testes é adequada para a avaliação destas atividades com economia de tempo, animais e drogas

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Atropelamentos associados à fragmentação dos habitats naturais, tanto para construção de estradas, quanto para agricultura, são uma das principais causas de mortalidade para várias espécies de animais silvestres pelo mundo todo. Durante o período de agosto de 2011 e junho de 2012, em um trecho da Estrada Vicinal Alcides Rodrigues Soares do município de Botucatu, interior do estado de SP, foi realizado o levantamento de mamíferos terrestres de médio e grande porte através do método de parcelas de areia e transecto, além da procura de carcaça de animais atropelados. Espécies como Onça-parda (Puma concolor) e Tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), ambas em situação vulnerável de extinção, foram registradas em proximidade da estrada. Através dos dados obtidos, tem se como objetivo demonstrar a importância da valorização da fauna local, com a construção de passagens de fauna, como uma das medidas para a sua conservação e consequente redução dos diversos distúrbios e impactos causados por estradas

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The rhodococcosis affects humans and animals. Equine are the most important species for rhodococcosis, which is considered the most debilitating disease in the creation of foals, leading to a mortality rates greater than 50% in this category. The disease is caused by Rhodococcus equi, a bacteria considered as a soil-born opportunistic microorganism, intracellular and ubiquitous. The disease in horses is manifested mainly in the form of pyogranulomatous pneumonia and less often in the form of enteric disorders and / or joint disorders. Transmission occurs mainly by ingestion of contaminated food and water, and inhalation in contaminated environment. The organism has mechanisms of evasion of the immune system, maintain viable in inside phagocytic cells, and induces piogranulomatous infections, leading to lesions of difficult treatment using conventional antimicrobials. Lipophilic drugs with good intracellular activity are required to successful treatment. The conventional treatment for foals is based on the combination of erythromycin and rifampin. However, there is a growing concern about the emergence of resistant strains, which makes increasingly studies on the development of alternative antimicrobials for therapy

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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in small animals (SILVA, 2006). It is an acute metabolic disorder, potentially fatal, both in humans and in dogs and cats with DM (BRUYETTE, 1997), being related, mostly, to insulin-dependent diabetics (CHASTAIN, 1981; HUME et al., 2006). DKA is a medical emergency characterized by extreme metabolic abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, ketonemia, dehydration and electrolyte loss (MACINTIRE, 2006) and its diagnosis may be established basically by the detection of ketonuria and metabolic acidosis (NELSON, 2009). The primary purposes of the treatment of DKA are intravascular volume restoration, dehydration, acid-base and electrolyte’s imbalances correction and blood glucose concentration reduction (BOYSEN, 2008). The treatment’s success depends of the clinical status at the time of diagnosis and of the introduction of an appropriate therapy to the conditions of each patient (CHASTAIN, 1981)

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A gagueira é um distúrbio no ritmo da fala no qual o indivíduo sabe precisamente o que quer dizer, mas ao mesmo tempo é incapaz de dizê-lo devido à repetição involuntária, ao prolongamento ou à cessação do som. Este distúrbio da comunicação acomete cerca de 1 a 2 % da população mundial, e esta freqüência varia de acordo com a idade, sendo mais comum em crianças com idade pré-escolar (de 2,4 a 5%); e com o sexo (3 M : 1 F). Desde a década de 50 a gagueira vem sendo estudada por fonoaudiólogos e geneticistas. Vários fatores são tidos na literatura como de risco para o desenvolvimento da gagueira persistente, dentre os quais destacamos: idade, sexo, tipo e tempo de duração das disfluências, outros distúrbios fonoaudiológicos, características secundárias, fatores genéticos, comportamentos familiares e outros. Desta forma, a gagueira não deve ser tratada como uma entidade nosológica única, pois apresenta característica multidimensional e multifatorial. Dentre os principais fatores que sugerem etiologia genética para a gagueira destacamos: 1)Gagueira presente em agregados familiais; 2)Maior probabilidade de se desenvolver em indivíduos consanguíneos; 3)Semelhança dos traços fenotípicos característicos, independente da língua e cultura; 4)Maior concordância entre gêmeos monozigóticos do que em gêmeos dizigóticos. A triagem genômica em famílias de gagos provenientes do Paquistão, e dos Estados Unidos, Suécia e Israel indicaram uma possível ligação da gagueira com o cromossomo 7. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a análise de ligação nas regiões cromossômicas 7q31 e 7q34 através de marcadores microssatélites em 31 famílias brasileiras com gagueira persistente, com mais de um indivíduo gago em idade acima de 6 anos. Utilizou-se para a classificação da gagueira, o SSI aplicado por profissionais especializados nesta disfluência... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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Beside aging process comes the incidence of dementia and, among them Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for approximately 60% of cases. This disease is characterized as a neuropathology with unknown etiology that causes cognitive deficits and behavioral disorders. Caring for patients with AD can cause an overload, both physical and psychological, which can cause high levels of stress on the primary caregiver. It is necessary that the caregiver also receives attention and develop activities that promote health benefits, while providing moments of distraction from the task of caring. Nonpharmacological interventions may be favorable for improving health with consequent decreased on the levels of stress. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of scientific papers that aimed to verify the effect of nonpharmacological interventions on stress levels in caregivers of patients with AD. To contamplate this goal was accomplished a systematic search in the following databases: Biological Abstracts, PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, LILACS and SciELO. The following keywords and Boolean operators was used: “caregivers” OR “family” and “nonpharmacological interventions” OR “support groups” OR “therapies” AND “Alzheimer's disease” OR “Alzheimer's dementia” OR “Alzheimer” OR “elderly” AND “stress”. There were found 3studies that met inclusion criteria adopted for the present work, and none showed significant results for the variable stress. It is not possible to affirm, according to the studies, that nonpharmacologial interventions programs for caregivers of patients with AD are effective to influence and to control the stress. However, studies show benefits for other variables such as self-efficacy and confidence in relation to care... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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It is known that exposure to substances in the environment can contribute to various reproductive disorders, especially if such exposure occurs during critical periods of development such as the intra-uterine and postnatal. The female reproductive system may be the target of androgens, both as a result of exposure to environmental chemicals, or by pathological conditions (polycystic ovary syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia).Usually, little attention is given off in relation to the study of androgenic effects in the female reproductive axis. This study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure to androgens on the development, structure and reproductive function in rats whose mothers were exposed to testosterone propionate from gestational day 12 (DG12) after weaning - postnatal day 21 (DPN21) . For this purpose, pregnancy rats were divided into four groups: a control group that received corn oil (vehicle) and three groups receiving testosterone propionate in doses of 0.05 mg / kg / day, 0.1 mg / kg / day and 0.2 mg / kg / day, all under the same experimental conditions. The possible effects of exposure were assessed using reproductive parameters, such as a measure of anogenital distance, count areolas / nipples, age at vaginal opening and first estrus (puberty indicative installation), weight and histological evaluation of the reproductive organs ( uterus and ovaries), weight of the kidneys, liver and pituitary hormone levels, regularity of the estrous cycle, sexual behavior and fertility. Such analysis is important in understanding the effects of androgen exposure on the female genital system, especially on the reproductive potential, and processes that may involve morphofunctional changes. In these experimental conditions, it is concluded that treatment with PT caused reduction in body weight and initial masculinization in females without cubs, however, commit further sexual development

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Acupuncture is one of the oldest forms of treatment, which is based in the grounds of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Despite the ancient history, it’s not completely widespread in Brazil, neither so comprehensive in veterinary medicine as used in humans. The technique of inserting needles into acupuncture points, can also be stimulated by heat, electrical stimulation or implants of metal, is mainly focused on neuromuscular disorders in small animals. The difficulty of comprehension of language and the lack of cientific bases restricted the possible applications of acupuncture. This work will address some of the clinical situations this complementary treatment can act, such as neurological, cardiorespiratory, reproductive, gastrointestinal, immunological, and postoperative intensive care

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Examine the phenomenon of bullying behavior that makes people teased, laughter, sarcasm, irony, among other types of attacks. This is not only physically, but with moral violence, emotional or psychological. When there is an effective intervention against bullying, all individuals in the group start to suffer with this situation, which can lead to psychological disorders, hampering the progress of relations as well as team sports, over a period of training and competition. This article analyzed a sample of athletes in order to find behaviors that characterize the extent of bullying and can see the consequences of it, as early drop out. Through the results it was concluded that the actions that characterize bullying are present in very high performance football and may even lead to drop out the sport. We also evaluate the environments frequented by teams can become enhancers of this phenomenon, they are times when athletes have a living space and one that may become amenable to the events, plus the fact that many athletes have already thought about leaving the sport because to bullying

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

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In regarding to the high prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in primary teeth and the possible disturbances on developing permanent successor germs, an early diagnosis and an adequate establishment of treatment planning are very important to minimize the damage caused by the trauma. Sequelaes can affect the coronal portion (white or yellow-brown discoloration associated or not with enamel hipoplasia, dilacerations of the crown), the root portion (dilaceration, duplication or cessation of root formation) or the whole successor permanent tooth (odontoma sequestration or disturbances of permanent successor eruption). The aim of this study is to make a literature review of the developmental disturbances of permanent teeth followed by traumatic injuries to theirs primary predecessors and to present cases reports to advise the dentists, their patients and parents about the damage that developing permanents teeth can undergo.