990 resultados para Complexos de cobre


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Tese (doutorado)–Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2015.

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Apesar de ser um micronutriente essencial aos organismos, o cobre (Cu) é tóxico quando presente em elevadas concentrações na água. O mecanismo pelo qual este metal exerce sua toxicidade em invertebrados marinhos ainda não está bem estabelecido. Dentre os diversos efeitos relatados, observa-se uma redução do consumo de oxigênio corporal e tecidual no marisco Mesodesma mactroides exposto (96 h) ao Cu (150 µg L-1 ) em água do mar (salinidade 30). Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos desta exposição ao Cu no metabolismo energético em teciduais do marisco M. mactroides. Os conteúdos de ATP e coenzimas (NAD+ e NADH) nas brânquias, glândula digestiva e músculo pedal não foram alterados pela exposição ao Cu, indicando que estes tecidos mantiveram suas capacidades de produção aeróbica de energia. Porém, foi observada uma redução no conteúdo hemolinfático de ATP. Quanto ao conteúdo de proteínas, houve um aumento na glândula digestiva, que pode estar associado à maior oxidação de proteínas já relatada para esse tecido após exposição ao Cu. Os conteúdos de lipídios, glicogênio e glicose permaneceram inalterados em todos os tecidos analisados, exceto no músculo pedal, onde foi observada uma redução no conteúdo de glicose. Por isso, os conteúdos de piruvato e lactato também foram analisados no músculo pedal e na hemolinfa. Em ambos tecidos, foi observado um aumento do conteúdo de lactato, sem alteração no conteúdo de piruvato. Portanto, os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que os tecidos de M. mactroides utilizam a anaerobiose para obtenção de energia durante a exposição ao Cu, conforme demonstrado no músculo pedal e hemolinfa. Apesar disso, a hemolinfa não é capaz de manter o nível de ATP nas condições experimentais testadas. 

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A denominada mina de Santo Estêvão integra vários locais, onde se identificaram, na segunda metade do século XIX, vestígios de mineração pré-históricos (Veiga, 1889,49; 1891, 79). Um desses locais, junto à povoação de Cumiada, foi objecto de trabalhos sumários de exploração, nos meados do século passado, os quais se limitaram a desentulhar as antigas explorações, não tendo tido seguimento (Azevedo, 1854,7). Segundo o geólogo J. B. SchiappadeAzevedo, "A NE da Cumiada, as boccas das escavações estão sobre uma possante massa de ferro magnetico, contendo também o cobre vermelho, cuja existência se denuncia logo à superfície pelas manchas azues e verdes do carbonato, resultante da dessulfatação da pyrite (. .. ): o cobre nativo apparece em quase todos os trabalhos, umas vezes nos calcareos, outras no seio de uma massa d'argila vermelha (. .. )".

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In the ceramics industry are becoming more predominantly inorganic nature pigments. Studies in this area allow you to develop pigments with more advanced properties and qualities to be used in the industrial context. Studies on synthesis and characterization of cobalt aluminate has been widely researched, cobalt aluminate behavior at different temperatures of calcinations, highlighting especially the temperatures of 700, 800 and 900° C that served as a basis in the development of this study, using the method of polymerization of complex (CPM), economic, and this method applied in ceramic pigment synthesis. The procedure was developed from a fractional factorial design 2 (5-2) in order to optimize the process of realization of the cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4), having as response surfaces the batch analysis data of Uv-vis spectroscopy conducted from the statistic software 7.0, for this were chosen five factors as input variables: citric acid (stoichiometric manner), puff or pyrolysis time (h), temperature (° C), and calcinations (° C/min), at levels determined for this study. By applying statistics in the process of obtaining the CoAl2O4 is possible the study of these factors and which may have greater influence in getting the synthesis. The pigments characterized TG/DSC analyses, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS) in order to establish the structural and morphological aspects of pigment CoAl2O4, among the factors studied it were found to statically with increasing calcinations temperature 700°< 800 <900 °C, the bands of Uv-vis decrease with increasing intensity of absorbance and that with increasing time of puff or pyrolysis (h) there is an increase in bands of Uv-vis proportionally, the generated model set for the conditions proposed in this study because the coefficient of determination can explain about 99.9% of the variance (R²), response surfaces generated were satisfactory, so it s possible applicability in the ceramics industry of pigments

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The research and development of nanostructured materials have been growing significantly in the last years. These materials have properties that were significantly modified as compared to conventional materials due to the extremely small dimensions of the crystallites. The tantalum carbide (TaC) is an extremely hard material that has high hardness, high melting point, high chemical stability, good resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock and excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion. The Compounds of Tantalum impregnated with copper also have excellent dielectric and magnetic properties. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain TaC and mixed tantalum oxide and nanostructured copper from the precursor of tris (oxalate) hydrate ammonium oxitantalato, through gas-solid reaction and solid-solid respectively at low temperature (1000 ° C) and short reaction time. The materials obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Spectroscopy X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric (TG), thermal analysis (DTA) and BET. Through the XRD analyses and the Reitiveld refinement of the TaC with S = 1.1584, we observed the formation of pure tantalum carbide and cubic structure with average crystallite size on the order of 12.5 nanometers. From the synthesis made of mixed oxide of tantalum and copper were formed two distinct phases: CuTa10O26 and Ta2O5, although the latter has been formed in lesser amounts

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2015.

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Dissertação de mest. em Biotecnologia, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica da Faculdade de Ciêicias e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2004

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Recent studies are investigating a new class of inorganic materials which arise as a promising option for high performance applications in the field of photoluminescence. Highlight for rare earth (TR +3 ) doped, which have a high luminous efficiency, long decay time and being able to emit radiation in the visible range, specific to each element. In this study, we synthesized ZrO2: Tb +3 , Eu +3 , Tm +3 nanoparticles complex polymerization method (CPM). We investigated the influences caused by the heat treatment temperature and the content of dopants in zirconia photoluminescent behavior. The particles were calcined at temperature of 400, 500 and 600 ° C for two hours and ranged in concentration of dopants 1, 2, 4 and 8 mol% TR +3 . The samples were characterized by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence of measurements and uv-visible of spectroscopies. The results of X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of the tetragonal and cubic phases in accordance with the content of dopants. The photoluminescence spectra show emission in the region corresponding simultaneous to blue (450 nm), green (550 nm) and red (615 nm). According to the results, ZrO2 particles co-doped with rare earth ions is a promising material white emission with a potential application in the field of photoluminescence

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Currently, the oil industry is the biggest cause of environmental pollution. The objective was to reduce the concentration of copper and chromium in the water produced by the oil industry. It was used as adsorbent natural sisal fiber Agave sp treated with nitric acid and sodium hydroxide. All vegetable fibers have physical and morphological properties that enablies the adsorption of pollutants. The basic composition of sisal is cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The features are typically found in the characterization of vegetable fibers, except the surface area that was practically zero. In the first stage of adsorption, it was evaluated the effect of temperature and time skeeking to optimize the execution of the factorial design. The results showed that the most feasible fiber was the one treated with acid in five hours (30°C). The second phase was a factorial design, using acid and five hours, this time was it determined in the first phase. The tests were conducted following the experimental design and the results were analyzed by statistical methods in order to optimize the main parameters that influence the process: pH, concentration (mol / L) and fiber mass/ metal solution volume. The volume / mass ratio factor showed significant interference in the adsorption process of chromium and copper. The results obtained after optimization showed that the highest percentages of extraction (98%) were obtained on the following operating conditions: pH: 5-6, Concentration: 100 ppm and mass/ volume: 1 gram of fiber/50mL solution. The results showed that the adsorption process was efficient to remove chromium and copper using sisal fibers, however, requiring further studies to optimize the process.

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La presente investigaciòn ahonda en el discurso periodìstico sexista, el cual contribuye a mantener el estatus privilegiado de los hombres sobre las mujeres, cerrandoles espacios de poder polìtico.

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La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad analizar esta especie vegetal cultivada en la zona Central y Occidental del territorio salvadoreño; para ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación de campo visitando los Municipios de Colón y Ciudad Arce ubicados en el Departamento de la Libertad; y los Municipios de Izalco y Nahuizalco, ambos pertenecientes al Departamento de Sonsonate; donde se recolectaron las muestras (hojas de C. longirostrata); Se elaboraron encuestas dirigidas a Técnicos ó Ingenieros agrónomos que laboraran en Agroservicios de mayor afluencia en el país y a los productores de los cultivos seleccionados; con la finalidad de conocer los productos agroquímicos aplicados al tratamiento del cultivo de esta hortaliza. Se realizó un análisis químico e instrumental para determinar elementos metálicos como metales pesados (plomo y arsénico) y oligoelementos (hierro, cobre y zinc) utilizando las técnicas de Espectrofotometría de Absorción Atómica (EAA): - Horno de grafíto para plomo. - Generador de Hidruros para arsénico. - Llama para hierro, cobre y zinc. Los resultados se compararon con los límites máximos establecidos por la normativa de JECFA - Comité Mixto FAO/OMS de Expertos en Aditivos Alimentarios y Codex Alimentarius; y se evaluaron estadísticamente a través del análisis de varianza de un factor (ANOVA), las pruebas de comparación DMS y Bonferroni; para evaluar el comportamiento de los datos experimentales obtenidos en el análisis. Según los resultados obtenidos se encontraron trazas de plomo y arsénico en algunas muestras analizadas; así como un alto contenido de hierro, cobre y zinc en todas las muestras de C. longirostrata. Se recomienda que se analicen muestras de suelos, agua de riego y otros cultivos de C. longirostrata ubicados en diversas zonas geográficas de El Salvador; con la finalidad de evaluar la calidad de las distintas hortalizas de esta especie vegetal existentes en el país.

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Tese (doutorado)–Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2015.

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This flyer promotes a lecture by Cuban attorney and scholar Emilio Cueto called " The Virgin of Charity of Cobre". Cueto will discuss the origins and developments of the devotion to the Virgin of Charity of Cobre among Cubans on the Island and abroad. This event was conducted in Spanish, held on September 17, 2015 at FIU Modesto A. Maidique Campus DM 445.