参与肿瘤侵袭和转移的细胞外基质降解酶

肿瘤细胞在侵袭和转移过程中必需穿透一系列天然组织屏障—基底膜和细胞外基质。合成及分泌大量基质降解酶，降解细胞外基质是肿瘤细胞侵袭、转移的重要步骤［１］。目前所知与肿瘤侵袭、转移有关的基质降解酶有两大类：蛋白酶类和糖苷酶类，前者主要降解细胞外基质中的蛋...

丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸共聚物的合成和吸湿性能

采用甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、丙烯酸(AA)为聚合单体,以亚硫酸氢钠-过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸P(AA-MAA)。系统地研究了单体浓度、单体配比、反应温度等各项聚合条件对聚合物吸湿性能的影响。

黄东海胶质浮游动物水母类研究

近年来，胶质类浮游动物尤其是水母类在近岸高生产力的海洋生态系统中的作用越来越受到全球科学家们的关注。这种关注很大程度上是由于近年来很多海域或海湾出现水母类大量繁殖的现象而引起的，这种现象与过度捕捞、气候变化、富营养化以及生物入侵等因素有着内在的联系，给人们带来经济，社会和生态等各方面的损失。这种损失包括：当水母大量出现时，由于它们与鱼类存在食物和捕食竞争，使渔业资源和渔业生产锐减；由于它们会堵塞和撕破渔业生产网，干扰了人们的渔业生产活动；另外水母增多增加了海滨游泳爱好者被蛰伤甚至死亡事件发生的频率，对旅游者们的娱乐行为造成不便。到目前为止全球范围内报道了许多水母大量繁殖并对经济社会或海洋生态系统造成负面影响的事件。在北海水母数量爆发的频率与气候相关的事实表明了该海域将要面临一个更多的胶质类浮游动物的未来。所有这些都表明海洋中水母的生态学问题仍旧是全球的一个研究热点。到目前为止，在世界上许多海湾和海区有关水母生态学问题的研究上，均已取得方方面面有意义的进展。但在我国，由于对水母功能群的研究缺乏足够的重视，对于大型水母来讲它们被认为是渔业生产的副产品或者‘垃圾’，在渔业拖网捕获后把它们直接扔入海中并不去研究；对于小型水母来讲，因为它们为非饵料生物，并且有易碎，粘糊糊等难操作的特点，对浮游生物网同步采集到的水母的研究力度远不如对其他浮游动物类群的研究力度，因此我国对水母功能群生态学的研究基础相当薄弱。 本论文基于以上背景对黄东海大型和小型水母类的生物地理分布格局进行了研究，对其生物量或丰度等生态学指标进行了定量研究。（1）利用浮游生物网样品对黄海小型水母类的种类组成及其丰度的时空变化进行了研究，表明黄海测区内小型水母整体丰度很低，且主要分布在50 m等深线以浅海域，各水母类群以及优势种类的季节更替非常明显。比较不同海区的小型水母的丰度水平及其占浮游动物丰度的比例，发现黄海的小型水母丰度水平最低，为0.8（0.04–1.3）ind. m-3，只占浮游动物丰度的 < 0.5 %，表明小型水母在黄海海域并非占优势的功能群。（2）在中国黄东海采集的沙海蜇和在日本采集的越前水母的COI基因序列差异（0.2%）处于种内水平，从分子水平上证明两者为同一个种类，基于形态学和分子生物学的证据，我国大型水母沙海蜇的分类地位可初步订正为：Nemopilema nomurai Kishinouye, 1922（Scyphozoa：Rhizostomeae：Rhizostomatidae）。（3）利用渔业底层拖网的方法对黄东海大型水母的种类组成，总生物量及各优势种类生物量的时空分布进行了半定量研究。结果共鉴定到11个种（类），其中沙海蜇（Nemopilema nomurai），洋须水母（Ulmaridae genus sp.）以及多管水母（Aequorea spp.）为黄海的优势种（类），沙海蜇（只在东海北部）和霞水母（Cyanea spp.）为东海的优势种（类）；这四个种（类）的湿重随着伞径的增大成冪增长的方式。大型水母平均总生物量的季节变化模式为：3月份水母总生物量最低，为4.6 ± 9.4 kg km–2，春夏季随着海水表层温度的升高，大型水母的生物量逐渐增加，9月初水母的总生物量达到最高值，为22891 ± 25888 kg km–2，随后随着海水的温度下降，生物量也逐渐下降。洋须水母的生物量在10月份达到最高值（2780 ind. km–2，1807 kg km–2），主要在黄海中部出现。多管水母在5月份丰度最高，为8262 kg km–2，且主要分布在30N以北海域。 聚焦大量爆发的水母种（类）沙海蜇和霞水母，基于实测的拖网资料，提供了该种可见的浮游阶段1周年的地理发生和生物量数据；结果表明，这两个种（类）表现了不同的季节出现和生物量格局：首先是黄海出现的沙海蜇（5–12月在黄海出现），5月份少量幼水母体在黄东海的交界处出现，6月它们的分布范围在南黄海扩大，到8月末及9月初沙海蜇几乎遍布黄海，其生物量和丰度以压倒其他大型水母类的优势形成“bloom”（生物量占所有大型水母的96.7%，丰度占93%，在南黄海平均生物量20446 kg km-2，平均占渔获物生物量的86.1 %），10月份至12月，沙海蜇的生物量逐渐减少甚至为零，其分布区域也向北回缩。其次为东海出现的霞水母（5月–10月）：霞水母在5月初达到生物量的高值（平均生物量为380 kg km-2），其伞径随纬度的升高而变小，8月至10月其生物量骤然下降。这两个种类的生物量高值分布在温度或潮汐锋区。结合水文条件及沙海蜇和霞水母关键的生活史策略推测了黄东海该种浮游阶段的生活史模型。 最后，通过对黄海8、9月份沙海蜇生物量的最高峰或暴发时期的呼吸率，摄食率进行估算，获得其每天对浮游动物现存量及生产力的潜在摄食压力，结果表明2006年9月在对沙海蜇最大捕获率的情况下，沙海蜇的摄食率为8.37（0.12–37.83）mg C m-2d-1，假设都以浮游动物为食，这时每天对浮游动物现存量及生产力的摄食压力分别为11.2%（0.17–50.6%），134.1%（1.98–605.7%）。因此在沙海蜇暴发期间对浮游动物的潜在的消耗非常大，甚至为毁灭性的。

The Apertospathulidae, a new family of haptorid ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora)

We studied the morphology of three rare haptorid ciliates, using live observation and silver impregnation: Apertospathula verruculifera n. sp., Longispatha elegans n. gen., n. sp., and Rhinothrix porculus (Penard, 1922) n. gen., n. comb. Simple ethanol fixation (50-70%, v/v) is recommended to reveal the ciliary pattern of "difficult" ciliates, such as R. porculus, by protargol impregnation. The three genera investigated have a distinct feature in common, viz., a lasso-shaped oral bulge and circumoral kinety, where the right half is slightly to distinctly longer than the left and the circumoral kinety is open ventrally. Thus, they are united in a new spathidiid family, the Apertospathulidae n. fam., which probably evolved from a Bryophyllum-like ancestor by partial reduction of the oral bulge and circumoral kinety. Apertospathula verruculifera has a wart-like process, the palpus dorsalis, at the anterior end of the dorsal brush. The right branch of the circumoral kinety is only slightly longer than the left one. Longispatha elegans has a straight oral bulge and circumoral kinety, the right branch of which extends to the posterior end of the body while the left branch ends in the anterior third of the body. Rhinothrix porculus, a curious ciliate with a snout-like dorsal elongation of the oral bulge, the palpus oralis, has a highly characteristic ciliary pattern: the oral pattern is as in Longispatha, but the bulge and circumoral kinety extend spirally to the posterior end of the body while the somatic kinetics course meridionally. This is achieved by inserting some shortened kinetics in the curves of the oral bulge.

The pontoniine shrimps (Crustacea : Decapoda : Palaemonidae) from Anambas and Natuna Islands, Indonesia, collected by Anambas Expedition, 2002

The present paper reports 8 pontoniine shrimp species, from Anambas and Natuna, Indonesia, i. e., Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888), Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852, Hamodacotylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952, Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890), Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915), Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922, Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971, and Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860).

藏药独一味的研究进展

综述了独一味的生药学研究、化学成分研究、药理研究及其临床应用的最新进展，并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。认为藏药独一味药材应用广泛，疗效显著，具有较好的开发研究前景；其镇痛、止血的物质基础及作用机理有待进一步研究。

攀西地区红格、新街岩体的岩石地球化学特征

The mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions in the Panxi, China contain large V-Ti-magnetite deposits. These layered intrusions are related with the Emeishan continental flood basalts in space and time. Two layered intrusions, Hongge and Xinjie have clear PGE mineralization at the base of the intrusions. Thus the detailed investigations of these two intrusions not only have a geological but also have an economic significance. This thesis aims to characterize the elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic features of diverse rock zones within the intrusion on the basis of systematic studies of the major, trace element and isotope ratios, therefore to constrain the petrogenesis, mantle source and evolution of the Hongge and Xinjie intrusions. Generally, both Hongge and Xinjie intrusions show the same Fe-Ti-rich and Si-M-poor characteristics. They are also enriched in rare-earth elements (REE) and large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) as well as in Sr-Nd isotope ratios (Hongge: initial Sr = 0.7056-0.7076, ε_(Nd)(t) and (Nd/Sm)_N-ε_(Nd)(t) plots, the Hongge intrusion has a similar elemental and isotopic features to the Emeishan low-Ti (LT) basalts, whereas the Xinjie intrusion was close to the Emeishan high-Ti (HT) basalt. Therefore, the Hongge intrusion may be co-genetic with the LT basalt, formed by the partial melting of the spinel-garnet transition mantle that had a slight enriched isotope character. In contrast, the Xinjie intrusion and the HT basalts are probably derived from the garnet-phases mantle with a primitive isotope character. The involvement of the components of mantle wedge into the source is considered to be the major reason of the REE and LILE enrichment and Nd isotope depletion in the Xinjie intrusion. In contrast with the systematic variations in TiO_2 content, Mg#, transition elements (Ni, Cu, Co), REE concentrations, and La/Yb, La/Sm ratios from the lower zone to upper zone, the different rock zones of the Hongge intrusion have no clear Sr-Nd isotope variations. This suggests that the Hongge intrusions were formed by the crystal fractionation from the same magma source. The rhythm may be formed by slow injection of the co-genetic magma during the crystal fractionation. The increase in K_2O and Al_2O_3 contents, REE abundance, and the degree of the REE fractionation in the base of the intrusion, together with the relatively low ε_(Nd)(t) value, may imply that the base of the Hongge intrusion was contaminated with the local crust rocks. Xinjie intrusion shows the clearly elemental and isotopic differences in diverse cumulus cycles. The observation of the systematic variations in TiO_2 content, Mg# value, transition elements (Ni, Cu, Co), REE concentrations, and La/Yb, La/Sm ratios in first cycle was not occurred in second cumulus cycle. In addition, the ε_(Nd)(t) value in second cumulus cycle is apparently higher than that of the first one. Thus the abruptly elemental and isotopic changes at the base of second cycle demonstrate that there is considerable new and depleted magma addition to the residue magma after the crystallization of the first cycle. These features are very similar to those of the well-known PGE-rich Bushveld and Stillwater layered intrusions. The PGE mineralization in Xinjie intrusion is much better than in Hongge intrusion. Therefore, the layered intrusion similar to the Xinjie in Panxi area posses the better prospects for the PGE deposits.

Criacao massal do percevejo verde, Nezara viridula (L).

Procedimentos gerais da criacao; Gaiola de criacao; Gaiola de multiplicacao; Consideracoes finais.

Dinamica populacional do percevejo-de-renda (Vatiga iludens) na cultura da mandioca no Distrito Federal.

Este trabalho refere-se a dinamica populacional do percevejo-de-renda, Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) no Distrito Federal no periodo de 1994 a 1997. Dentro da area util de parcela do experimento, foram efetuadas amostragens quinzenais durante o ciclo da cultura, utilizando-se da seguinte tecnica: de cada cinco plantas previamente marcadas, colhia-se uma folha e contava-se o numero de ninfas e adultos nela depositados. O nível de dano do percevejo-de- renda foi avaliado com base na ocorrencia dos sintomas do ataque dos insetos nas folhas das plantas em escala de notas crescentemente de 0 a 5. Os resultados mostram que as variedades mansas (Mantiqueira e Jacana) são as mais infestadas e as bravas (IAC-12829 e EAB-629) as menos infestadas pelo percevejo-de-renda. A maior ocorrencia da praga concentra-se no primeiro semestre do ano. Apesar da eficiencia do inseticida no controle do percevejo-de-renda, conforme demostrado no presente trabalho, recomenda-se o uso de variedades tolerantes com o controle mais adequado.

Działalność polityczno-społeczna prof. Stefana Dąbrowskiego (1877-1947)

Wydział Historyczny: Instytut Historii

Indian and white in the Northwest : a history of Catholicity in Montana, 1831-1891 / by L.B. Palladino ; with an introduction by John B. Brondel.

http://www.archive.org/details/indianandwhite00palliala

Christianity and civilization in the South Pacific : the influence of missionaries upon European expansion in the Pacific during the nineteenth century

http://www.archive.org/details/christianityandc00younuoft

Across the prairie in a motor caravan; a 3,000 mile tour by two Englishwomen on behalf of religious education,

http://www.archive.org/details/acrosstheprairie00haseuoft