Uso da terra e clima urbano e suas influências sobre a população de Euglossini na cidade de Parnaíba, PI, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Perdas de solo e índices de vegetação: proposta metodológica para a determinação do fator C (MEUPS) em pastagens e cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência da paisagem sobre a persistência de mamíferos terrestres em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise temporal da cobertura do solo na zona de amortecimento de reserva biológica

The Municipal Biological Reserve of Serra do Japi shelters an important forest remnant of Atlantic Rainforest in the state of São Paulo. For its ecological importance, were created instruments for environmental and territorial management of the Conservation Unit, with the regulation of the use and occupation of the land in its Buffer Zone (BZ) in 2004. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of the land cover in the BZ region of the Municipal Biological Reserve of Serra do Japi in Jundiaí-SP, between 1989 and 2010. It was used in this study the image analysis of the satellite LANDSAT-TM5, with the help of software ILWIS and IDRISI. The results showed that urban occupation has increased 37.47% and the agro pastoral and reforestation areas have decreased 36.62% and 72.22% respectively, while forest areas have increased 49.57%. However, the relative importance of the forest area in BZ ranged from 46.60% in 1989 to 69.71% in 2010, leading to the conclusion that this region was favored by changes in land cover in the period evaluated, despite strong pressure for urban expansion in its surroundings.

Investigação geofísica em aterro municipal de resíduos sólidos domiciliares, Cordeirópolis, Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da persistência de microrganismos patogênicos em solo cultivado com eucalipto e fertilizado com lodo de esgoto sanitário

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Ecologia de peixes de riachos da bacia do rio Machado, RO: padrões, processos e conservação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Manutenção da diversidade agrícola em assentamentos rurais: um estudo de caso em Moji-Mirim - SP, Brasil

Maintenance of agricultural diversity in rural settlements – a case study in Moji-Mirim, São Paulo, Brazil. This paper investigated whether farmers, when established in rural settlements, keep some traditional features with regard to crops diversity and circulation of planting material. Its aims were to make an ethnobotanical survey of species and varieties and analyze the dinamics of seeds and propagules circulation. A total of 139 varieties of food crops (55 species/28 families) were found, being 87% of them intended for self-consumption; 54% of varieties come from Minas Gerais, home state of most respondents. The number of varieties grown per household ranged from 17 to 54. The informal and free circulation of planting material is the most important way of acquisition. The circulation network is very active, showing a potential for the management of crops diversity, with emphasis on the contribution of settlers to the maintenance and valorization of traditional varieties.

Inspeção periódica de pulverizadores nas principais regiões de produção de soja no Brasil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of calibration and maintenance practices for crop sprayers on soybean production areas in Brazil, in the 2006 and 2007 seasons, based on the Project IPP data. Therefore, the evaluation covered issues related to calibration, maintenance condition and the main components of 103 sprayers distributed in the following states: Rio Grande do Sul (35), Paraná (60), and, Mato Grosso do Sul (8). The evaluations were done at the rate of one sprayer per farm. The most frequent problems were related to the pressure gauge, spray leaks and calibration errors greater than 50% of the desired volume rate. The analysis of the application rate showed a tendency for the farmers to apply volume rates below the desired value. In 2006 the errors of the application rate were significant, with 70.4% for Rio Grande do Sul State, 74.5% for Paraná State and 37.5% for Mato Grosso do Sul State. In 2007 there was a reduction of errors, with averages of 50.0% for Rio Grande do Sul and 66.7% for Paraná. In general terms, the results showed improvements on the use, maintenance and calibration processes for crop sprayers on the areas covered by the Project IPP, with reductions on average indexes for calibration errors, leaks and bad tips, among other issues.

Geotecnologia aplicada no estudo e planejamento de ocupação e uso do solo em uma bacia hidrográfica para fins agrícolas e conservacionistas

The study aimed to obtain the land use of the watershed Ribeirão Santo Antonio - São Manuel (SP), through the thematic map of the satellite image. The cartographic databases were planialtimetric letter in digital format used in georeferencing and the satellite image. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -IDRISI Andes 15.0 was use to perform the image georeferencing and to do the thematic map obtained from the visual interpretation the satellite image. The map of land use showed that the culture of sugar cane occupies most of the area (81.00%), when analyzing the satellite image. This result show us the predominance of agricultural occupation in the region. The thematic map obtained by the classification screen, using GIS, allowed the mapping of land use, generating data that will assist in future planning area recovery. The results of the study showed the efficiency, speed and reliability of the tools used, these being very useful for future projects.

Agrupamentos de amostras circulares em função das unidades de solo

The objective of the study was to analyze the features of the relief through the variables: maximum altitude (HM); mean altitude (Hmd); minimum altitude (Hm); altitude range (H); average slope length (CVm); minimum length of run-off (Cd) and average steepness of circular samples (I) of the Capivara River Watershed – Botucatu (SP). A total of 4 circular samples were obtained per unit of soil (Quartzipsamment alfisol oxisol - RQ, Udox - LVA and Udorthent - RL). Multivariable analysis and aerial color photographs of 2000, Brazilian Chart and Soil Chart of Botucatu city-SP were used for data analyses. Soil differentiation was performed using the Student-t Test for analyzes of orthogonal contrasts among means of the three soils and analysis of groupings and major components. The grouping analysis of the variables of relief differentiated 75% of LVA and 100% of RL and RQ soil circular samples. The most efficient parameters of relief for differentiation of soils according to their order of importance were as follows: HM, Hm, Hmd and H.

Capacidade de suporte de carga e densidade do solo em áreas de plantio direto com e sem escarificação

No-till has been used in many different regions of Brazil. However, depending on the location and intensity of machinery traffic, this has caused the problem of soil compaction and many producers are scarification the land as a solution to break through the layer that is restricting plant growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of scarification (0.30 m) in the physical properties of a dystrophic Alfisol comparing the results with a non-scarified contiguous area; both were previously conducted using no-till. The density and pressure of pre-consolidation were sampled in two areas of non-tillage, one with chiseling (PDCE) and one without (PDSE) by using the UMAS -Mobile Soil Sampling Unit built by NEMPA – Agroforestry Machinery and Tire Testing Center/FCA / UNESP, Botucatu ,SP. The UMAS is equipped with GPS which allows the samples to be georeferenced. The samples were evaluated in the laboratory through the collection of standardized rings. Sampling was performed at a dimension of 15 x 50 m, with 160 rings being collected. The samples containing rings which were used in determining the density and also for testing the consolidometer, were collected from the layers of 0 to 0.10 m, 0.10 to 0.20 m, 0.20 to 0.30 0.30 to I 0.40 m. For the odometer test the undisturbed sample rings were used in obtaining the load bearing capacity of the soil. The soil management adopted provided a decrease in soil density using no-tillage with scarification depths from 0.0 to 0.10 0.10 to 0.20 m while the other depths did not show any decrease. The pre-consolidation pressure in combination with soil aggregate resistance identified that the management process PDCE within all layers was subjected to water content reliability regarding a greater load bearing capacity of the soil. For the PDSE that only was possible in the 0 to 0.10 m, showing greater consolidation of this layer.

Mapeamento, erodibilidade e tolerância de perdas de solo na sub-bacia do Ribeirão das Perobas

The land use conservation planning requires knowledge of the soil characteristics, natural susceptibility to erosion and the soil loss limit. In this context, the objectives of this study were to perform a detailed soil survey of Ribeirão das Perobas watershed, located in Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo State and to determine and map the erodibility and soil loss tolerance of the soil classes found in the survey. The following techniques were used to perform the detailed soil survey: photopedology, field sampling, physical analysis, chemical analysis, and morphological description of the soil samples and profiles. The erodibility was determined by the methods described by Denardin (1990) and Mannigel et al. (2002), and the determination of soil loss tolerance followed the methodology of Mannigel et al. (2002). The results of erodibility determined by the methodology of Denardin (1990) were not discrepant and they did not distinguish soils that are known to have different susceptibility to erosion., w\Whereas, using the methodology of Mannigel et al. (2002), very high or very low erodibility values were observed in soils with extreme contents of sand silt or clay. The most influent variable to the soil loss tolerance results was the correction factor for the textural gradient of clay between soil horizons.

Recomposição florestal visando à conservação de recursos hídricos na bacia do Rio Pardo, SP

The Pardo River Basin represents the situation of disorderly process of use and occupation of land, where forest fragmentation is one of the results. This study evaluated the use of Multicriteria Evaluation in a GIS, specifically through method Weighted Linear Combination, the generation of map of priority areas for forest restoration in the initial part of Rio Pardo Basin, SP, aiming the conservation of water resources. It can be concluded that, the Multicriteria Evaluation in a GIS is appropriate to the mapping of priority areas for forest restoration. The map of suitability for forest recovery may be useful in the environment planning, providing public and environmental agents making decision, based on a method that takes into account the landscape as a whole and the priority is the conservation of water resources.

Conservação de goiabas ‘Pedro Sato’ minimamente processadas e irradiadas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation associated with modified atmosphere in cold storage of guava ‘Pedro Sato’ minimally processed, checking their physical-chemical characteristics. Were used guavas from the region of Vista Alegre do Alto/São Paulo/Brazil. After harvest, fruits were immediately transported to the Fruit and Vegetables Laboratory from the Agroindustrial Management and Technology Department, Agronomic Sciences College - UNESP - Botucatu / SP, where they were kept at 10 ° C and 90-95% RH in cold storage, for 12 days. In the laboratory, fruits were selected by size and lack of defects in order to standardize the lot and then were cut into slices 0.5 cm thick. We used the completely randomized design, with factorial design 5 x 5, with three replications. The first factor consisted of the following effects: control 1 (without package or irradiation), control 2 (polystyrene package/PS + package low density polyethylene/LDPE and without irradiation), treatment 1 (PS + LDPE and 0.2 kGy ), treatment 2 (PS + LDPE and 0.6 kGy) and treatment 3 (PS + LDPE and 1.0 kGy). The second factor consisted of the evaluation periods: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The analyses were: firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), maturity index, pH, breathing behavior. In the end of this work it was concluded that the lower dose of radiation associated with modified atmosphere promoted positive effect on physical-chemical characteristics of guava ‘Pedro Sato’, providing fruits with higher quality and durability, due to higher maintenance of pulp firmness, the highest pH and soluble solids obtained. Regarding the storage days, there were no beneficial effect of the treatments during storage, mainly due to the sensitivity of fruits submitted to gamma irradiation, where only the early days provided better values for the variables.