Utilization of trawl bycatch in Gujarat (India)

Bycatch from trawlers forms a signifi cant quantity of the total marine fi sh landings along the northwest coast of India, particularly in the state of Gujarat, which contributes about 23 percent of the total marine fi sh landings in the country. This paper discusses the composition of this bycatch, its signifi cance in terms of nutritional value, its present utilization pattern and the scope for improvement.

The Black Clam, Villorita cyprinoides, Fishery in the State of Kerala, India

The black clam, Villorita cyprinoides, is the most important clam species landed in India. The State of Kerala has been, by far, the leading producer of the species. Nearly all the landings, about 25,000 tons (t)/year are harvested in Vembanad Lake, the largest estuary, 96 km (54 mi) long, on the west coast of India. Nearly 4,000 fishermen harvest the black clams year-round. They harvest most by hand while diving in waters from 2.1–2.7 m (7–9 ft) deep. Each collects 150–200 kg (3–5 bushels)/day. Upon returning from the harvesting beds, the fishermen and their families cook the clams and separate their meats from their shells using simple sieves. Fishermen’s wives sell the meats within their local villages and save some for their families to eat. The shells are sold through organized fishermen societies to various industries. A substantial quantity of sub-fossil black clam shells lies buried from 22–50 cm (9–20 in) beneath the lake sediments. They are dredged in a controlled manner and sold to the same industries. The stocks of black clams seem to be declining slowly in the southern part of the lake because the water has been getting fresher, but they are not declining in the northern half. A likely threat to the landings may be a lack of fishermen in the future.

Climate change and fisheries: perspectives from small-scale fishing communities in India on measures to protect life and livelihood

Through consultations with key fisheries-based stakeholders in four States of India, this study attempts to assess perceptions of fishing communities about the impact of climate change on their lives and livelihoods. It also evaluates the traditional knowledge, institutions and practices of fishing communities that are relevant to climate-change preparedness. The study identifies adaptation and mitigation measures that may need to be adopted by fishing communities and the State in relation to climate change. Based on this overall analysis, the study proposes measures to protect the lives and livelihoods of small-scale fishing communities in the context of climate-change policies and programmes at different levels. This study will be useful for researchers, policymakers, students and anyone interested in climate change and its potential effects on the lives and livelihoods of small-scale fishing communities.

Workshop and Symposium on Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries: Towards FAO Guidelines on Marine and Inland Small-scale Fisheries, 19-21 September, 2011, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

The workshop and symposium titled Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries: Towards FAO Guidelines on Marine and Inland Small-scale Fisheries was jointly organized by the National Fishworkers’ Forum (NFF) and the Society for Direct Initiative for Social and Health Action (DISHA), in collaboration with the International Collective in Support of Fishworkers (ICSF). The workshop was the first in a series of consultations around the world organized to discuss the Voluntary Guidelines on Small-scale Fisheries (VGSSF) and propose measures, keeping in mind the interests and concerns of small-scale fisheries and fishing communities. The workshop was also a forum to make the role of small-scale fisheries and fishworkers more visible in the context of food security, poverty alleviation and sustainable use of fishery resources. The workshop had 62 participants from both the marine and inland sectors, representing 10 States of India. The participants included fishworkers, representatives of fishworker organizations, policymakers and representatives of multilateral organizations. The workshop was structured to facilitate active interaction and discussion among participants, taking into account linguistic diversity and the contextual differences of the marine and inland sectors. This publication will be useful for fishworkers, fishworker organizations, researchers, policymakers, fish farmers, members of civil society and anyone interested in small-scale fisheries and livelihoods.

Fishery-dependent livelihoods, conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity: the case of marine and coastal protected areas in India

The lacunae in fishing-community engagement in the management and governance of marine and coastal protected areas (MCPAs) were discussed in the 2009 Chennai Workshop organized by the International Collective in Support of Fishworkers (ICSF). To continue the discussion, a second, two-day workshop to review existing legal and institutional mechanisms for implemention and monitoring of MCPAs, titled ‘Fishery-dependent Livelihoods, Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity: The Case of Marine and Coastal Protected Areas in India’, was held in New Delhi during 1-2 March 2012. The objective was to understand the impact of MCPAs on fishing communities, from an environmental-justice and human-rights perspective, and make specific proposals for better conservation while securing the livelihoods of small-scale fishers. The workshop also served to underscore these issues in light of the upcoming Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to be held at Hyderabad in October 2012. This publication contains the prospectus of the workshop and a report of the proceedings. It will be useful for fishworkers, non-governmental organizations, policymakers, trade unions, researchers and others interested in natural resource management and coastal and fishing communities.

Genetic improvement of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) in India. Phase two: annual report for period January to December 2012

Macrobrachiurn rosenbergii is one of the widely cultured freshwater prawn species globally. India was the third largest producer of this species in 2007 and its aquaculture production rose to 43,000 metric tons (t) in 2005 froin less than 500 t in 1995. However, since then production has been declining and in 2008-09 it was 12,856 t, a reduction of more than 70% compared to 2005. There are several contributing factors to this decline, such as slow growth rate, poor survival, disease outbreaks, increase in cost of production, and availability of low risk alternative fish species. However, there is a consensus that poor seed quality leading to unsatisfactory growth and survival rates in ponds is one of the major reasons. Hence, the development of a systematic selective breeding program aimed at improving growth rate and ensuring high survival rate of this species was deemed a high priority. The Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Bhubaneswar, India in collaboration with the WorldFish Center, Malaysia initiated a selective breeding program for this species in 2007.

Dibujantes del Museo de la Plata: Carlos Andrés Tremouilles

En esta colección de la Serie Documentos presentamos a los dibujantes y artistas que pasaron por nuestra institución, lo que representa una tarea nada fácil. Sin embargo, con las imperfecciones del caso, iniciamos este trabajo esperando que, en un futuro próximo, esta iniciativa sea continuada dentro de las diferentes Divisiones que conforman la estructura de nuestro Museo. En este segundo artículo mostramos algunas de las imágenes que pudimos rescatar de Carlos Andrés Tremouilles, formado en la Escuela Superior de Bellas Artes y perteneciente a una dinastía de dibujantes del Museo de La Plata. Su padre Carlos Hipólito y su hijo Carlos también fueron dibujantes de esa institución. Colaboró con Emiliano Mac Donagh y con Raúl A. Ringuelet para ilustrar trabajos sobre nuestra ictiofauna. En 1959 fue reconocido por las autoridades del Primer Congreso Sudamericano de Zoología desarrollado en el Museo de La Plata. Realizó restauraciones de obras pictóricas, guardas y vitrales. Su versatilidad, le permitió realizar también tareas en vitrinas de exhibición, montaje del laboratorio de C14 y reparación de instrumental en base a sus conocimientos de electrónica. Aquí presentamos una pequeña parte de su numerosa obra obtenida de acuarelas y dibujos de peces de los archivos de la División Zoología Vertebrados y los incorporados a las obras Peces marinos de la República Argentina de R. A. Ringuelet y R. H. Arámburu (1960) y Los peces argentinos de agua dulce de R. A. Ringuelet, R. H. Arámburu y A. A. de Arámburu (1967)

Catálogo de ejemplares tipo de la colección ictiológica del Museo de La Plata

La colección actualmente contiene alrededor de 11000 lotes catalogados, que representan más de 400 especies marinas y de agua dulce, de los cuales 3500 se encuentran digitalizados en el sistema de colecciones del Museo. Es importante destacar que las colecciones del Museo forman parte del Sistema Nacional de Datos Biológicos que tiene como misión conformar una base de ProBiota, Serie Técnica y Didáctica Nº 23 – 2014 VI datos unificada de información biológica, a partir de datos taxonómicos, ecológicos, cartográficos, bibliográficos, etnobiológicos, de uso y de catálogos sobre recursos naturales y otros temas afines. Por otra parte, y a modo de resguardo, los registros se continúan asentando en un libro foliado. Su reciente recatalogación ha permitido recuperar algunos materiales de sumo interés y ordenar especimenes tipo existentes, como así también verificar la ausencia de otros, ejemplo, Micropogon barretoi Mac Donagh (1934) cuyo holotipo está asentado en el libro de registros pero nunca pudo ser encontrado. Actualmente la colección cuenta con 28 holotipos y 407 paratipos pertenecientes a 6 órdenes, 13 familias y 49 especies y 4 subespecies los que fueron ordenados sistemáticamente siguiendo el criterio de Nelson (2006). El listado de las especies fue ordenado alfabéticamente. Se incluye el nombre de la especie, los autores, el año de publicación, la página de la diagnosis, figuras y tablas. Cada lote lleva la siguiente información: acrónimo, número de catálogo, número de ejemplares, longitud estándar, localidad, colectores, fecha de captura y observaciones.

La colección de huevos "Pablo Girard" del Museo de La Plata

Se presenta información sobre la colección de huevos "Pablo Girard" que forma parte de la Colección Ornitológica del Museo de La Plata (División Zoología de Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata). El Sr. Pablo Girard fue un naturalista alemán radicado en la provincia de Tucumán entre las décadas de 1920 y 1940. La donación de esta colección privada al Museo de La Plata generó un importante aporte a la colección de huevos preexistente, ya que incluye información valiosa sobre 18 Órdenes y 38 Familias que nidifican en el noroeste de Argentina, particularmente en la provincia de Tucumán, sur de Salta y noroeste de Santiago del Estero.