Triagem de genótipos de hortaliças para resistência a Meloidogyne enterolobii

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar genótipos de alface, batata-doce, feijão, tomate e Capsicum resistentes ao nematoide Meloidogyne enterolobii (Syn. M. mayaguensis) e classificá-los quanto ao grau de resistência. Foram avaliados: 10 genótipos de alface, 8 de batata-doce, 10 de feijão e feijão-vagem, 25 de Capsicum e 6 de tomate. Foram calculados o fator de reprodução e o índice de reprodução, e os genótipos foram classificados quanto ao grau de resistência ao nematoide. Foram observados níveis moderados de resistência na cultivar de feijão Aporé e nos acessos de pimenta, BGH-433 e BGH-4285, e de pimentão, PIM-031, PIX-022I-31-07-02 e PIX-022I-31-13-01. Todos os genótipos de tomate são suscetíveis a M. enterolobii. As cultivares de alface Julia, Hortência, Verônica, Grand Rapids e Babá de Verão, e os clones de batata-doce UFLA07-49 e UFLA07-53 são muito resistentes ao nematoide. A resistência a M. enterolobii aparentemente é mediada por genes diferentes dos que conferem resistência a outras espécies e raças de Meloidogyne.

Cab45 is required for Ca(2+)-dependent secretory cargo sorting at the trans-Golgi network

Ca(2+) import into the lumen of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) by the secretory pathway calcium ATPase1 (SPCA1) is required for the sorting of secretory cargo. How is Ca(2+) retained in the lumen of the Golgi, and what is its role in cargo sorting? We show here that a soluble, lumenal Golgi resident protein, Cab45, is required for SPCA1-dependent Ca(2+) import into the TGN; it binds secretory cargo in a Ca(2+)-dependent reaction and is required for its sorting at the TGN.

Coliform density in oyster culture waters and its relationship with environmental factors

The objective of this work was to evaluate the total and thermotolerant coliform densities in the oyster culture water of Cananeia, SP, Brazil, correlating these densities with environmental variables and tidal variations. Superficial water samples were collected in two tide conditions (spring and neap) from three areas of Cananéia municipality (Mandira, Itapitangui and Cooperostra). The three studied areas showed good conditions for the culture regarding coliform densities. The two tidal conditions differed significantly as to total coliform concentration; however, the same procedure was not performed for thermotolerant coliforms. No correlation was observed between water temperature, pH, and concentrations of total and thermotolerant coliforms. Coliform density was positively correlated with rainfall and negatively correlated with salinity. Spring and neap tides differed significantly as to coliform number. Simple diagnosis of environmental conditions of the crop fields is insufficient to assess water quality of shellfish cultivation. A continuous monitoring program of planted areas is necessary both for the assessment of water quality potential for marine culture and for ensuring safe consumption of seafood, besides constituting an important tool to understand the relationships between contamination and the involved environmental variables.

Kahdessa kuvantamisyksikössä tapahtuneet muutokset liikelaitokseen liittymisen yhteydessä vuosina 2005-2007

Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kuvata kahdessa kuvantamisyksikössä liikelaitokseen liittymisen yhteydessä työn organisoinnissa, työnjaossa ja toimintakulttuurissa tapahtuneita muutoksia. Lisäksi tavoitteena oli kuvata kesän 2007 aikana odotettavissa olleet toiminnalliset muutokset. Opinnäytetyö on osa Helsingin ammattikorkeakoulu Stadiassa käynnissä olevaa Työn organisointi ja työnjako röntgenosastoilla -hanketta. Opinnäytetyö on laadullinen tutkimus. Aineisto hankittiin haastattelemalla kahden kuvantamisyksikön osastonhoitajia ja apulaisosastonhoitajia. Haastattelut suoritettiin teemahaastatteluina ja analysoitiin sisällönanalyysillä. Aineisto luokiteltiin kuudeksi eri pääkategoriaksi, jotka ovat: työn johtaminen, työnjako, työnkuva, työtehtävät, kulttuuri sekä yhteistyö ja tiedonkulku. Teoriaosassa organisaatiomuutosta tarkasteltiin muun muassa johtamisen ja kulttuurin näkökulmista. Tulosten mukaan työn johtamisessa muutoksia oli tapahtunut päätöksenteossa ja lähijohtamisessa, ja työnjaossa toimintojen keskittämisessä, työmäärän jakautumisessa ja henkilöstömäärässä. Työnkuvassa ilmeni muutoksia työnkierrossa, vuorotyössä ja kouluttautumisessa, sekä työtehtävissä eri henkilöstöryhmien toimenkuvissa ja vastuualueissa. Kulttuurisia muutoksia oli havaittavissa toimintatavoissa ja -ohjeissa, arvoissa ja asenteissa sekä yhteisöllisyydessä. Muutoksia oli tapahtunut myös yhteistyössä ja tiedonkulussa. Tutkimusta voidaan hyödyntää suunniteltaessa vastaavanlaista organisaatiomuutosta. Tutkimus antaa tietoa siitä, mihin asioihin organisaatiomuutos vaikuttaa kuvantamisyksiköissä ja mitä muutoksia on odotettavissa liikelaitokseen liittymisen yhteydessä. Tutkimuksen tuloksia hyödynnetään hankkeen jatkotutkimuksessa, jossa tarkastellaan, onko palveluiden laadussa ja työtyytyväisyydessä tapahtunut muutoksia.

Doblaje y subtitulación del multilingüismo

Investigación sobre el fenómeno del multilingüismo en el medio audiovisual. El estudio reúne las recientes investigaciones que se han hecho sobre la presencia de varias lenguas en un mismo producto audiovisual y las posibilidades de traducción de este fenómeno, tanto en el doblaje como en la subtitulación. El trabajo incluye, a modo de ejemplo, el estudio de la traducción oficial de tres películas multiligües: Vicky Cristina Barcelona, Un prophète y L'auberge espagnole.

Dynamic drag modeling of submerged aquatic vegetation canopy flows

Vegetation has a profound effect on flow and sediment transport processes in natural rivers, by increasing both skin friction and form drag. The increase in drag introduces a drag discontinuity between the in-canopy flow and the flow above, which leads to the development of an inflection point in the velocity profile, resembling a free shear layer. Therefore, drag acts as the primary driver for the entire canopy system. Most current numerical hydraulic models which incorporate vegetation rely either on simple, static plant forms, or canopy-scaled drag terms. However, it is suggested that these are insufficient as vegetation canopies represent complex, dynamic, porous blockages within the flow, which are subject to spatially and temporally dynamic drag forces. Here we present a dynamic drag methodology within a CFD framework. Preliminary results for a benchmark cylinder case highlight the accuracy of the method, and suggest its applicability to more complex cases.

Extending the canopy flow model for natural, highly flexible macrophyte canopies

Flow structures above vegetation canopies have received much attention within terrestrial and aquatic literature. This research has led to a good process understanding of mean and turbulent canopy flow structure. However, much of this research has focused on rigid or semi-rigid vegetation with relatively simple morphology. Aquatic macrophytes differ from this form, exhibiting more complex morphologies, predominantly horizontal posture in the flow and a different force balance. While some recent studies have investigated such canopies, there is still the need to examine the relevance and applicability of general canopy layer theory to these types of vegetation. Here, we report on a range of numerical experiments, using both semi-rigid and highly flexible canopies. The results for the semi-rigid canopies support existing canopy layer theory. However, for the highly flexible vegetation, the flow pattern is much more complex and suggests that a new canopy model may be required.

Scales and causes of heterogeneity in bars in a large multi-channel river: Rio Parana, Argentina

To date, published studies of alluvial bar architecture in large rivers have been restricted mostly to case studies of individual bars and single locations. Relatively little is known about how the depositional processes and sedimentary architecture of kilometre-scale bars vary within a multi-kilometre reach or over several hundreds of kilometres downstream. This study presents Ground Penetrating Radar and core data from 11, kilometre-scale bars from the Rio Parana, Argentina. The investigated bars are located between 30km upstream and 540km downstream of the Rio Parana - Rio Paraguay confluence, where a significant volume of fine-grained suspended sediment is introduced into the network. Bar-scale cross-stratified sets, with lengths and widths up to 600m and thicknesses up to 12m, enable the distinction of large river deposits from stacked deposits of smaller rivers, but are only present in half the surface area of the bars. Up to 90% of bar-scale sets are found on top of finer-grained ripple-laminated bar-trough deposits. Bar-scale sets make up as much as 58% of the volume of the deposits in small, incipient mid-channel bars, but this proportion decreases significantly with increasing age and size of the bars. Contrary to what might be expected, a significant proportion of the sedimentary structures found in the Rio Parana is similar in scale to those found in much smaller rivers. In other words, large river deposits are not always characterized by big structures that allow a simple interpretation of river scale. However, the large scale of the depositional units in big rivers causes small-scale structures, such as ripple sets, to be grouped into thicker cosets, which indicate river scale even when no obvious large-scale sets are present. The results also show that the composition of bars differs between the studied reaches upstream and downstream of the confluence with the Rio Paraguay. Relative to other controls on downstream fining, the tributary input of fine-grained suspended material from the Rio Paraguay causes a marked change in the composition of the bar deposits. Compared to the upstream reaches, the sedimentary architecture of the downstream reaches in the top ca 5m of mid-channel bars shows: (i) an increase in the abundance and thickness (up to metre-scale) of laterally extensive (hundreds of metres) fine-grained layers; (ii) an increase in the percentage of deposits comprised of ripple sets (to >40% in the upper bar deposits); and (iii) an increase in bar-trough deposits and a corresponding decrease in bar-scale cross-strata (<10%). The thalweg deposits of the Rio Parana are composed of dune sets, even directly downstream from the Rio Paraguay where the upper channel deposits are dominantly fine-grained. Thus, the change in sedimentary facies due to a tributary point-source of fine-grained sediment is primarily expressed in the composition of the upper bar deposits.

La ceràmica de Barcelona. Organització i producció entre els segles XIII i XVIII a través de la seva caracterització arqueomètrica

L"estudi sobre la producció ceràmica de Barcelona en època medieval i postmedieval s'està fent des del Museu d"Història de Barcelona i des de l"ARQUB en aquest darrers anys. Aquest estudi s"ha reforçat amb els treballdesenvolupats en el marc del projecte de recerca Tecnolonial, cosa que ha permès ampliar les classes ceràmiques i el marc cronològic d"estudi. Els resultats aconseguits fins ara mostren que per a un mateix moment cronològic es preparen diverses pastes segons el producte final que es vol obtenir. Finalment, el canvi d"ubicació dels tallers que segurament es va produïr cap a finals del segle XIII / inicis del segle XIV podria estar relacionat amb l"explotació d"un nou llit d"argiles, la qual cosa coincidiria amb el fet que la producció del segle XIII és completament diferent químicament a la del segle XIV en endavant.

Análisis del sexismo en la publicidad

En este artículo se presenta la investigación realizada sobre el análisis de estereotipos y sesgos sexistas en la publicidad en dos medios de comunicación: prensa escrita y televisión con la finalidad de analizar los modelos de mujer presentes en los anuncios publicitarios. Para llevar a cabo este estudio ha sido necesaria la elaboración y validación de instrumentos de análisis de estos estereotipos y sesgos sexistas. Se parte de una fundamentación teórica donde se resumen los estudios realizados en este ámbito y las conclusiones más significativas que aportan, así como la enumeración de los estereotipos y sesgos que sirven como criterios de análisis en nuestro estudio. La presentación de la metodología utilizada y las fases del estudio dan paso a un resumen de los análisis efectuados y la formulación de los diferentes modelos de mujer que la publicidad actual transmite.

Elaboración de un sistema de categorías para el análisis sociométrico: su aplicación en aulas multiculturales

That contribution shows a categorisation system in order to analyse the psicosocial setup of people inside a group. It implies a kind of information analysis more qualitative and dinamic than the traditional and well known sociometric indexes. The categories present not only the quantity of recieved choices, rejections and perceptions, but the quality of established relations. Studied the intern consistency by different analistds, the elaborated categorical system can by applied to the study of sociometric tests to the primary students in multicultural classroom, in order to study the level and nature of integration among different ethnic minorities. A least, that contribution ofers the outcomes from the analysis of the integration of a simple of 95 students (girls and boys) from several ethnic minorities and describes their limits and conclusions.

Análise retrospectiva do trânsito do delgado em um serviço de radiologia de hospital geral

OBJETIVO: Os autores se propõem a revisar os exames de trânsito do delgado, a fim de demonstrar os principais diagnósticos e achados radiológicos, e o atual benefício para o paciente. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo e descritivo realizado a partir de levantamento de exames realizados no período de janeiro/2001 a junho/2002, no serviço de radiologia do Hospital Santa Cruz da Beneficência Portuguesa de Niterói. RESULTADOS: Do total de 60 exames, 24 (40,0%) apresentaram alterações radiológicas (anatômicas, enterites, divertículos, relacionadas a cirurgias e outras) e 36 (60,0%) foram normais. Observamos que 36 pacientes (60,0%) tinham entre 35 e 65 anos incompletos, apenas dois (3,32%) eram menores de 18 anos e o paciente mais idoso tinha 87 anos. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do advento da endoscopia para a avaliação do trato gastrintestinal superior e inferior, o uso do estudo contrastado do intestino delgado se manteve como método de escolha para avaliação do duodeno, jejuno e íleo. Sabe-se que o trânsito do delgado é a principal técnica diagnóstica para o estudo deste órgão e importante para o estudo das enterites, além de ser um exame de fácil execução e de alta sensibilidade. Dessa forma, estamos reforçando a sua importância diagnóstica e devemos ter em mente que o exame do trato gastrintestinal superior é complementar, devendo considerar suas limitações e vantagens.

Patología Dual y rasgos de personalidad:situación actual y líneas futuras de trabajo

Dual diagnosis (DD) is the co-occurrence, in the same person, of a mental disorder (MD) and a substance use disorder (SUD). Nowadays, the study of the personality with DD is realized mainly from a categorical view, focusing on the detection of personality disorders and not on the traits associated to DD and the possible differential profile compared to those patients with only MD or SUD. Studies analyzing personality traits of patients with DD and their possible differential profile are very limited. However, existing data indicates that DD patients show higher levels of Sensation Seeking, Impulsivity, Harm Avoidance and Neuroticism; and lower levels of Persistence, Self-Direction, Self-Transcendence and Cooperation. Therefore, DD is associated to personality characteristics that suggest more disruptive behaviors, fewer resources for recovering and keeping abstinent and worse prognosis compared to those with only one disorder. Progress in the characterization of personality traits in DD, taking into consideration the methodological aspects to be improved could allow better adaptation of the integrated treatment of these patients in the future.

Esclerose: uma opção de tratamento para os nódulos tireoidianos císticos

OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito da injeção percutânea de etanol guiada por ultra-sonografia no tratamento dos nódulos tireoidianos císticos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Comparou-se o volume de 34 nódulos benignos císticos, em 30 pacientes (26 do sexo feminino e quatro do sexo masculino), antes e uma média de 3,9 meses depois da alcoolização. O volume inicial dos nódulos foi avaliado por dois observadores, que realizaram a ultra-sonografia em momentos diferentes, sem qualquer informação prévia a respeito do tamanho dos nódulos, cuja finalidade foi conhecer a variação interobservador das medidas ecográficas. RESULTADOS: A média de volume dos nódulos antes do tratamento foi de 12,3 ± 18,0 ml. A média de redução de volume foi de 74,0 ± 26,1% (p = 0,0001), e 20,6% (7/34) deles desapareceram. Não houve correlação entre o volume inicial e o percentual de redução dos nódulos. A média de variação das medidas interobservadores foi de 0,5 ml para um alfa de 5%. Dor moderada, no momento da aplicação, foi a complicação mais freqüente. CONCLUSÃO: A injeção percutânea de etanol é uma opção segura e eficaz no tratamento dos nódulos tireoidianos císticos.