Utilisation et valeur de la représentation devant public en danse au troisième cycle du primaire

En 2001, dans la foulée de la réforme scolaire, une deuxième génération de programmes d’études en danse a été implantée (Gouvernement du Québec, 2001, 2003, 2007). Alors que la représentation devant public est prescrite dans les programmes d’études pour le secondaire (Gouvernement du Québec, 2003, 2007), elle est quasi-absente du programme d’études pour le primaire (Gouvernement du Québec, 2001). De plus, il y a peu de recherches empiriques sur l’enseignement de la danse à l’école québécoise et aucune sur l’utilisation de la représentation devant public dans ce contexte. Or, les enseignants sont nombreux à y avoir recours de façon intuitive pour favoriser les apprentissages chez les élèves. C’est pourquoi, à la lumière de repères théoriques issus de modèles de la transposition didactique, du processus de création, des systèmes de pertinence et de la construction identitaire des enseignants de la danse en milieu scolaire, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment la représentation devant public est utilisée, en danse, au troisième cycle du primaire, à l’école québécoise. Pour ce faire, nous avons eu recours à l’observation, à la captation audio et aux entretiens pour collecter des données auprès de deux enseignantes en danse et de cinquante-quatre élèves du troisième cycle du primaire, pendant le processus de création de danses menant à la présentation devant un public. Nous avons ainsi pu dégager treize thèmes représentatifs de l’expérience vécue par ces enseignantes et ces élèves, ainsi qu’une ébauche de modèle du processus de préparation d’une représentation devant public en milieu scolaire.

O ensino de ciências e deficiência visual: uma investigação das percepções das professoras de ciências e da sala de recursos com relação à inclusão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alfabetização e letramento: as concepções e as práticas educativas de uma professora do 2º ano do ensino fundamental

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

o ensino de leitura na escola: um olhar sobre as concepções de professores do 1º ciclo do ensino fundamental de uma escola municipal de Bauru - SP

This research is being read, thus rendering text on the pole of understanding, as a practice effective dialogue and therefore responsive through which the reader, author, text and context interact. To this end, the reader must turn their knowledge systems and relate them to the linguistic materiality. Thus, aimed to investigate whether the teaching of reading in the early years of elementary school literacy builds skills related to this cultural practice and its relationship to the conceptions of classroom teachers of reading, as well as the teaching and learning methodologies practiced in class classroom. Therefore, I base this research on the theoretical basis of linguistic studies and expository sociointeractionist redefine that, among other things, the concepts of language, genre and text. As for the methodological framework, this study followed the methodology of literature research and fieldwork. The fieldwork took place from the perspective of observing the pedagogical practice of teaching reading, in order to investigate how the educational activities are conducted in a reading room for the third year of elementary school, part of the municipal education Bauru- SP. Were used as instruments of data collection the questionnaire given to school teachers and the school studied the direct observation of teaching practice of one of these professionals. The results of data analysis indicate that the teachers surveyed know key content for teaching reading, as well as renovations of the theoretical and methodological studies of reading, with the consequence that the practices of reading done in the classroom limit the role of student as a reader and does not guarantee the formation of the reader

Disciplina de didática: um estudo exploratório a partir dos planos de ensino

The present investigation intended to understand how Didatic has been interpreted by teachers who work with this discipline in undergraduate courses. We assume that there are still many controversies and contradictions in consideration of the epistemological status of didactics, and that this knowledge object is on constant review by professionals. Initially we were seeking evidence in the plans of courses, however, this search has put us in a situation of confusion, of uncertainty and highlighted structural problems which, at first, prevented us from using pure and simple of the contents of the plans. We analyzed 76 lesson plans, allocated to institutions in different Brazilian states, different types of institutions and the diversity was so great that led us to characterize this study as exploratory and tell us the relevance of analyzing them in the perspective of "facets". To deepen the understanding we were interviewing teachers and two focus groups conducted with teachers of Teaching. Triangulating the analysis of plans, with the reflections from the interviews, the speeches and also in the focus group data, observation of teaching practice, we put some insights on issues, even though preliminary and will require further research.

As contribuições da Pedagogia Waldorf no atendimento a diversidade e na valorização das diferenças

The ideal of Waldorf Education, since the opening of the first school in 1919, was based on innovative principles for a humanized society. Among those principles, there was the attendance of all children without distinction, which is exactly the main idea of the inclusive school. Waldorf pedagogy defends that under the right pedagogical action and care with the individual development, anyone can develop, regardless of their disability. This statem ent highlights the main objective of this methodology, that is the human development, aligned to another fundamental guideline of inclusive education. Accordingly, the hypothesis of this work is that Waldorf education promotes inclusive schooling contexts, attending diversity and valuing differences. The general objective of this study is: analyze Waldorf Education to verify if it promotes inclusive contexts. And the specific objetives were: identify elements in this practice that favors diversity attend; analyze the practice of a Waldorf school, considering documentation, structure, and conception of managers, teachers and parents. The study was based on quantitative and qualitative research approach, and the data was collected trough observation of teaching practices in a classroom where a disabled student was present, as well as through documentation and observation of the school environment. Furthermore, in order to verify the understanding of parents (71 individuals) and teachers (18 individuals) on inclusion, a specific questionnaire was developed for each of these two groups. For the records, a diary and an observation script were used. It was concluded that Waldorf methodology provides all the necessary conditions to inclusion, mainly due to it's enhancement of individuality, didactic organization and it's roots in social relations

As contribuições da Pedagogia Waldorf no atendimento a diversidade e na valorização das diferenças

The ideal of Waldorf Education, since the opening of the first school in 1919, was based on innovative principles for a humanized society. Among those principles, there was the attendance of all children without distinction, which is exactly the main idea of the inclusive school. Waldorf pedagogy defends that under the right pedagogical action and care with the individual development, anyone can develop, regardless of their disability. This statem ent highlights the main objective of this methodology, that is the human development, aligned to another fundamental guideline of inclusive education. Accordingly, the hypothesis of this work is that Waldorf education promotes inclusive schooling contexts, attending diversity and valuing differences. The general objective of this study is: analyze Waldorf Education to verify if it promotes inclusive contexts. And the specific objetives were: identify elements in this practice that favors diversity attend; analyze the practice of a Waldorf school, considering documentation, structure, and conception of managers, teachers and parents. The study was based on quantitative and qualitative research approach, and the data was collected trough observation of teaching practices in a classroom where a disabled student was present, as well as through documentation and observation of the school environment. Furthermore, in order to verify the understanding of parents (71 individuals) and teachers (18 individuals) on inclusion, a specific questionnaire was developed for each of these two groups. For the records, a diary and an observation script were used. It was concluded that Waldorf methodology provides all the necessary conditions to inclusion, mainly due to it's enhancement of individuality, didactic organization and it's roots in social relations

Skolan i livet - livet i skolan : Några illitterata invandrarkvinnor lär sig tala, läsa och skriva på svenska som andraspråk

Many immigrants in Sweden have not had the chance to learn to read and write, for various reasons. In Sweden, literacy is a prerequisite to being able to function in the cultural community, and for many immigrants this is the first time that they experience their inability to read and write as a handicap or see themselves as “illiterate”. The aim of this study is to use a socio-cultural, second language and gender approach to describe, analyse and understand how a number of adult, illiterate, immigrant women experience their situation when they are expected to simultaneously learn to speak, read and write Swedish. The study focuses on two literacy groups in two Swedish municipalities. In one of the groups I act as both teacher and researcher. The thesis is a case study of the learning process of five illiterate immigrant women in Sweden. The results are based on interviews, carried out with the help of an interpreter, and observation of teaching and texts ritten by the students. The study is based on the assumption that human learning is an activity that takes place in a cultural community in a social context. When learning a language, the language is simultaneously the tool that facilitates social communication and the object of the learning process. The study shows that cultural communities influence the women in different ways. Gender structures are firmly planted in a patriarchal value system, which means that women are seen as inferior to men, and women are expected to “meet the demands of others”. The women have no time to study at home, as their household duties are prioritised. However, there are subtle indications that there is a wish to change the situation in accordance with Swedish values and norms. This can be seen in the Swedish for Immigrants (SFI) lessons. As they have little contact with Swedes, school is the only arena in which they have a chance to use Swedish. They are positive towards teaching and school as an institution. Here they are able to develop an alternative identity. The study also shows that teaching in the literacy groups is to a great extent based on a technical approach, in which the teacher tries to elicit a correct answer from the students. Social interaction involving contemplation and negotiation is either not included or not prioritised. the women’s experience and knowledge is not made use of. There are,however, occasions when collaborative discussions take place between the teacher and students. On these occasions an exchange of experiences takes place. Learning is based on the students’ own experiences and thoughts. Linguistic concepts gain meaning in the collaborative discussion. Initially the concepts may be unclear, but the group works on them together, adapting and adjusting them until they finally make sense. Finally, I conclude that women immigrants bring their own socio-cultural values and experience to the school situation, which affects their learning process to varying degrees. Furthermore, immigrant women need more time at school, as it is the only arena in which they can spend time on studying and personal development. another conclusion is that the school must become a learning community that recognises the immigrants’ cultures, makes use of the students’ experience and allows the students to participate in collaborative discussions, so that they can develop their ability to speak, read and write Swedish.

L’inclusion scolaire dans l’enseignement primaire: L’évaluative formative comme source de progression collective?

Ce travail s’inscrit dans le champ des recherches concernant les pratiques inclusives en milieu scolaire ordinaire dans l’enseignement primaire. En France, le système éducatif propose de scolariser les élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers soit en classe ordinaire, soit en classe spécialisée, bien que les gouvernements valorisent l’accueil en milieu ordinaire depuis la loi de 2005. Or, ceci questionne les pratiques des acteurs de l’école sur la prise en charge de ces élèves. Partant des travaux montrant que les enseignants utilisant l’évaluation formative gèrent mieux la diversité des élèves, nous étudions ici dans quelle mesure cette fonction de l’évaluation aiderait les élèves présentant des besoins éducatifs particuliers à acquérir des connaissances grâce aux feedbacks émis lors d’évaluations orales et de corrections collectives. L’analyse des données recueillies à l’aide d’entretiensavec des enseignants et d’observations d’élèves fait ressortir les attitudes des acteurs, les interactions et les régulations. (DIPF/Orig.)

Katrin Ulrike Zaborowski / Michael Meier / Georg Breidenstein: Leistungsbewertung und Unterricht, Ethnographische Studien zur Bewertungspraxis in Gymnasium und Sekundarschule. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2011 [Rezension]

Rezension von: Katrin Ulrike Zaborowski / Michael Meier / Georg Breidenstein: Leistungsbewertung und Unterricht, Ethnographische Studien zur Bewertungspraxis in Gymnasium und Sekundarschule, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2011 (376 S.; ISBN 978-3-531-16808-1)

Formação e profissionalidade: um estudo na formação inicial de professores do ensino básico em Moçambique

Visando analisar a Formação Inicial de Professores (FIP) do Ensino Básico em Moçambique, no intuito de captar como concorre para a construção da representação de profissionalidade na atividade docente, este estudo descritivo e interpretativo estrutura-se em duas dimensões complementares (extensiva e intensiva). Através dessas duas dimensões procurou-se explicitar os pontos críticos do objeto de estudo e produzir conhecimento sobre o mesmo. E, nessa linha, nas conclusões do estudo ficarão disponíveis possíveis contributos para a melhoria da sustentação e eficácia da formação inicial. Na dimensão extensiva, em função de descritores de profissionalidade associados ao reconhecimento social de uma atividade como profissional, definidos na literatura investigativa da sociologia das profissões e da educação, analisou-se a noção de profissionalidade que norteia a FIP. Essa análise foi desenvolvida com recurso ao estudo de documentos legais e curriculares, inquéritos por questionário a 289 formadores e por entrevista a 7 agentes-chave da formação de professores (gestores, académicos e formadores de professores). Na dimensão intensiva, concretizada num estudo multicaso (4 estudos de caso) envolvendo, essencialmente, 16 formadores de 4 instituições de formação de professores (polos), aprofundou-se a compreensão da visão de formadores de professores sobre profissionalidade, com recurso à observação de atividade docente e respetiva planificação, entrevistas semi-estruturadas a 4 gestores da Prática Pedagógica e estágio nesses polos, à luz do quadro teórico fundamentador dos caraterizadores de profissionalidade referenciais do estudo e dos resultados obtidos na dimensão extensiva. Os resultados do estudo denotam falta de sintonia entre o conceito de ensinar patenteado nos documentos e discursos dos agentes-chave da Formação de Professores (a indicar que ensinar é fazer aprender) e a prática letiva dos formadores, a denunciar que ensinar é entendido como expôr conteúdos/transmitir conhecimentos. Quanto aos caraterizadores de profissionalidade, discursivamente destacam-se como atributos reconhecidos ao professor: ser educador e profissional; possuir conhecimento específico para ensinar; ter a função e a responsabilidade de ensinar; ser inovador e investigador; e agir de acordo com o quadro deontológico associado à profissão. No entanto, estas representações entram em choque com a realidade, marcada por falta de poder dos professores sobre o currículo e sobre o conhecimento profissional, que não produzem nem controlam; baixas qualificações (possuem nível correspondente à 10ª classe); inexistência de um quadro deontológico específico e por uma prática docente dos formadores inscrita na racionalidade técnica e mais alinhada com uma dinâmica de funcionarização do que de profissionalização. Na esteira do isomorfismo pedagógico, da chamada naturalização das práticas de ensino, e da força da gramática escolar, o tipo de prática docente que marca a ação dos formadores tenderá a ser replicada pelos formandos quando professores. Aliás, os documentos curriculares parecem resumir o ser profissional ao facto de se possuir formação para professores. O estudo fundamenta a possibilidade de, nas políticas, se reforçar uma maior coerência entre discursos e práticas na visão de profissionalidade construída na FIP, aprofundar os pontos de descontinuidade detetados no estudo ou outros relevantes e trabalhar no sentido da clarificação do conceito de profissionalidade pretendida na Formação de Professores do Ensino Básico em Moçambique.

"Warum darf die mit Laptop spielen und wir nicht?". Eine Fallanalyse zur beruflichen Initiation und Kooperation von Lehramtsstudierenden im Schulpraktikum

Mit den Reformen der Lehrerbildung war seit Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts die Umsetzung eines stärkeren Berufsfeldbezugs im Lehramtsstudium verbunden. Niederschlag fand dies u.a. in einer Ausweitung von Schulpraktika in den Studiengängen in Deutschland. Erste Erfahrungen in der praktischen schulpädagogischen Arbeit sollten dabei möglich werden und an der Hochschule erworbenes wissenschaftliches Wissen und Können einen ersten reflexiven Anwendungsbezug erhalten. [...] In explorativer Absicht wird vor diesem Hintergrund im Folgenden eine Protokollsequenz untersucht, in der eine Lehrerin, eine Praktikantin und Schüler in einer Unterrichtsstunde interagieren. Bestimmend für die Auswahl war die Tatsache, dass hier die Praktikantin an der Disziplinierung der Schüler beteiligt wird - was nach langjähriger Erfahrung des Autors nicht selten vorkommt. (DIPF/Orig.)

Herausforderung Inklusion? Ein mehrperspektivischer Blick auf die JeKi-Praxis an Schulen mit gemeinsamem Unterricht (GU)

[Der Beitrag nähert sich der Frage], ob die aktuelle JeKi-Praxis günstige Voraussetzungen für die erweiterte Einführung inklusiver Settings bietet und wie die bestehenden Ansätze eines inklusiven JeKi-Unterrichts in Grundschulen mit gemeinsamem Unterricht eingeschätzt werden können. [...] Für jede dieser Ebenen wurden in der Studie „JeKi und gemeinsamer Unterricht" ausgewählte Fragestellungen untersucht, in der vorliegenden Darstellung sollen zwei Aspekte im Vordergrund stehen, die der innerpsychischen und der institutionellen Ebene zugeordnet werden können. (DIPF/Orig.)

Design editorial para crianças dos 6 aos 8 anos

Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Design de Comunicação, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

Evaluación por colegas pares

En este número de reflexiones pedagógicas presentamos el modelo que se ha diseñado para implementar la evaluación por colegas pares en la Universidad del Rosario. Explicamos los principios que lo guían y las etapas y procedimientos para realizar esta evaluación; además, exponemos algunos aprendizajes que ha dejado su implementación en dos facultades en los últimos años, y presentamos algunos retos y desarrollos que enfrenta el modelo a futuro.