O Lugar como Simbiose : Centro Histórico de Torres Vedras

A presente dissertação tem como principal objectivo a análise morfológica do centro histórico de Torres Vedras. Após um rigoroso estudo do seu plano estratégico de reabilitação urbana, verifica-se a ausência de um documento complementar que permita conhecer sua identidade. A informação existente é bastante planimétrica, pouco esclarecedora da qualidade espacial do Lugar. Devido à escassa cartografia existente, julgou-se essencial desenvolver a reconstituição urbanística da cidade, permitindo dissipar algumas memórias artificiais, fomentadas pelo ‘neo-romantismo’ do Estado Novo, mas que ainda hoje se fazem sentir na memória colectiva dos torrienses. O estudo da génese fundacional do Lugar e do seu enquadramento histórico é fundamental para o entendimento do valor patrimonial enquanto conceito subjacente às políticas de reabilitação dos centros históricos. O estudo da evolução urbana de Torrres Vedras desde a vila medieval, até à cidade do séc. XXI, dando a conhecer os pólos de atracção do crescimento periurbano, e a sua relação com o centro histórico, permitiu um conhecimento mais aprofundado sobre os elementos essenciais que caracterizam a sua Identidade. Verifica-se que a matriz urbana fundacional, ainda hoje perceptível, provém da ocupação romana, materializada pelos dois principais eixos reguladores: cardus e decumanus. A leitura do passado, alicerçada sobre a historiografia e arqueologia, pretende apenas mostrar que os núcleos urbanos antigos foram sempre elementos dinâmicos, capazes de se adaptarem às circunstâncias de cada época, garantindo a sua permanência e importância até ao início do séc. XX. A abordagem feita ao centro histórico pretende demonstrar a sua potencialidade para se tornar num elemento activo da cidade de Torres Vedras, capaz de se adaptar às necessidades da sociedade do séc. XXI, sem perder a sua identidade.

Las novelas de "los nuevos años": literatura e historia en Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco (Del Fabulador)

El autor comenta la trilogía «Los nuevos años», de Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco. La advertencia presenta los sueños de modernización del país, con su esperanza de mayor equidad e inclusión, El aire y los recuerdos es leída como una creación de singulares matices poéticos: el aire se vuelve portador de ilusiones y sueños de soluciones para el país, pero también se los lleva, con las frustraciones, desamparos y fracasos, Los poderes omnímodos narra los inicios de la era velasquista, saca el mejor provecho a situaciones y personajes, probando una madurez narrativa excepcional. Pareja retrata las dos grandes ciudades del país en estas novelas, pero también recorre los campos, episodios históricos de importancia son el pretexto para mostrar, ambiciosamente, los diversos y amplios sectores de la estructura social ecuatoriana, eventos y personajes que, a su vez, se encuentran en diálogo con otros sucesos del mundo contemporáneo de la época. El autor sostiene que puede hablarse de una tendencia globalizadora de Pareja en estas novelas, de un claro afán por «desenclaustrar» a la nación.

Fuga hacia adentro: Tratado del amor clandestino, de Francisco Proaño Arandi

En este texto, la autora desarrolla, en primera instancia, una reflexión crítica en torno a la demanda de “extraterritorialidad” de la literatura ecuatoriana, que desde la década de los 90 del siglo pasado se ha constituido como en una especie de constante, esa ausencia ha impedido que la narrativa alcance los horizontes de universalidad, pues su fijación en lo local la ha atado, según ciertos juicios, a superar este tipo de lazo con el pasado. Ortega examina este debate a la luz de la tradición latinoamericana, en donde tiene sus antecedentes e historia, incluso pone como ejemplo la célebre discusión entre el narrador peruano J. M. Arguedas y el argentino J. Cortázar respecto a lo que significaba e implicaba lo nacional-local y el ser cosmopolita entendido como la opción de universalidad. En segunda instancia, la crítica analiza la novela Tratado del amor clandestino, de F. Proaño Arandi, para poner en contraste lo que ese debate sugiere y de alguna manera demostrar que ese “viaje hacia dentro” de la historia íntima del drama de los personajes es, a su vez, un desplazamiento a lo que califica como un viaje a “los orígenes” que, a más de que lo expliquen como sujeto, lo ubican dentro de una historia de la que participan otras voces, otras presencias, realidades, memorias y actores.

Antiguas caras en el espejo o crónica de una época feliz (Homenaje)

En este texto, el autor presenta un recuento que es celebración de los años azarosos que le tocó compartir, en el ejercicio de la diplomacia, con el escritor y diplomático Francisco Proaño Arandi en los años 80 en varios países del continente. Se testimonia la experiencia intensa vivida en la Nicaragua sandinista, y en Cuba, enfrentando situaciones que, para Galarza, resultan inolvidables y vitales en medio de la heroicidad cotidiana de un pueblo del que prefiere siempre “hablar bien”. Reconstrucción de diálogos literarios en los que en su momento se definió el título de la novela de Proaño: Antiguas caras en el espejo. Esta crónica es un viaje a la memoria y un testimonio de una pasión compartida: la literatura y la práctica profesional de la diplomacia con sus paradojas, desolación y, a veces, reivindicaciones, crónica que nos participa de algunos hechos que hoy son parte de la historia, pero también de la amistad fraterna entre escritores que nunca han dejado de saber amigos.

El entretejido de una literatura boliviana andina desde las novelas Felipe Delgado de Jaime Saenz y Cuando Sara Chura despierte de Juan Pablo Piñeiro (Dossier: Literaturas de la integración, el Sur y su diversidad)

Este ensayo parte por establecer ciertas características de lo que podría ser una literatura boliviana andina. En este sentido, el propósito es señalar algunos componentes ficcionales de este tipo de narrativa a partir del entretejido textual que ofrecen novelas como Felipe Delgado de Jaime Saenz y Cuando Sara Chura despierte de Juan Pablo Piñeiro. Este entretejido localiza las dimensiones de tensión y ruptura que construyen los personajes al interior de cada texto. Saenz y Piñeiro configuran el marco festivo de las almas para conectarlas a realidades superpuestas o de otros lados del mundo interior de los personajes. Es cuando, en consonancia con el mundo interior, irrumpe el mundo paralelo de los seres extraños, ancestros y sombras. Desde la lógica andina, es la irrupción de personas y seres que se comunican para restablecer realidades invisibles y lugares marginales sagrados. Son mundos, cuerpos, memorias y temporalidades que interactúan para dar cuenta de la dimensión existencial andina entre los lugares de la fiesta del Gran Poder, una de las más celebradas en La Paz.

Portuñol salvaje: arte licuafronteras y tensiones contemporáneas (Dossier: Literaturas de la integración, el Sur y su diversidad)

Pensar, escribir, cantar, vivir entre idiomas. Producir conocimiento desde zonas limítrofes, desde lugares y desde memorias y saberes múltiples. En este texto se busca indagar los sentidos que se insinúan en un conjunto de prácticas artísticas (literarias, visuales, musicales) que se gestan en torno a lo que se ha bautizado como portuñol salvaje. Para ello, luego de una caracterización del portuñol, se busca evidenciar la recurrencia de un gesto artístico que deviene producción de conocimiento. Se plantea que, consideradas en conjunto y a partir del contexto geocultural en el que surgen, dichas prácticas constituyen un fecundo aporte para comprender una serie de aspectos sociales, culturales, económicos y políticos de nuestras sociedades.

'Operation motorway': landscapes of construction on England's M1 motorway

Recent years have seen an increasing number of academics attempt to write more process-oriented and 'nonrepresentational' accounts of landscape. Drawing upon this literature, I discuss a number of the movements, materialities, and practices entailed in constructing England's M1 motorway in the late 1950s. The performances, movements and durability of a diverse range of things-including earth-moving machines, public relations brochures, maps, helicopters, senior engineers, aggregate and labourers-are shown to be important to the construction and ordering of the motorway and spaces of the construction company in different times and spaces, with people's experiences or understandings of construction, both now and in the past, emerging through memories, talk and embodied encounters with architectures, texts and artefacts which are assembled, circulated and/or archived. Aerial perspectives assumed a prominent role in depictions of construction, while journalists and engineers frequently drew upon a military vocabulary and alluded to the military nature of the project when discussing the motorway. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Time-multiplexed Laguerre-Gaussian holographic optical tweezers for biological applications

A ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator is used to generate up to 24 independently controllable traps in a holographic optical tweezers system using time-multiplexed Fresnel zone plates. For use in biological applications, helical zone plates are used to generate Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes. The high speed switching of the ferroelectric device together with recent advances in computer technology enable fast, smooth movement of traps that can be independently controlled in real time. This is demonstrated by the trapping and manipulation of yeast cells and fungal spores. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.

Feminist geography, prehistory of

The article traces the beginnings and early history of feminist geography in the United Kingdom through the memories and personal narratives of two women who were heavily involved in this field of geographical research, in the 1970s, and were founder members of the Women and Geography Study Group of the Institute of British Geographers. The article begins by considering the context (both political and academic) within which feminist geography was born. Second-wave feminism and the rise of the women’s movement, initially in the United States, is seen as a major influence on the development of feminist geography. In the academic world, it was the dominance of quantitative geography in the 1960s, and the related opposition to this positivist paradigm by humanistic and socialist geographers, which led to calls for a recognition of the inequalities faced by women in society and an understanding of the differences in men’s and women’s lives. Through personal narratives, the authors seek to illustrate the obstacles and disagreements, as well as the encouragements and opportunities, which led to the birth of UK-feminist geography. Many individual geographers, influential to the story, are referred to, seen through the eyes of the authors at that time.

Interdependency and care over the lifecourse

Interdependency and Care over the Lifecourse draws upon theories of time and space to consider how informal care is woven into the fabric of everyday lives and is shaped by social and economic inequalities and opportunities. The book comprises three parts. The first explores contrasting social and economic contexts of informal care in different parts of the world. The second looks at different themes and dynamics of caring, using fictional vignettes of illness and health, child care, elderly care and communities of care. The book examines the significance to practices of care throughout the lifecourse of: understandings and expectations of care emotional exchanges involved in care memories and anticipations of giving and receiving care the social nature of the spaces and places in which care is carried out the practical time-space scheduling necessary to caring activities. Finally the authors critically examine how the frameworks of caringscapes and carescapes might be used in research, policy and practice. A working example is provided. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of care work, health and social care, geography, sociology of the family and social policy as well as those in business and policy communities trying to gain an understanding of how work and informal care interweave

Work performance, productivity and indoor air

Temperature, relative humidity, and air quality all affect the sensory system via thermo receptors in the skin and the olfactory system. Air quality is mainly defined by the contaminants in the air. However, the most persistent memory of any space is often its odor. Strong, emotional, and past experiences are awakened by the olfactory sense. Odors can also influence cognitive processes that affect creative task performance, as well as personal memories and moods. Besides nitrogen and oxygen, the air contains particles and many chemicals that affect the efficiency of the oxygenation process in the blood, and ultimately the air breathed affects thinking and concentration. It is important to show clients the value of spending more capital on high-quality buildings that promote good ventilation. The process of achieving indoor-air quality is a continual one throughout the design, construction, commissioning, and facilities management processes. This paper reviews the evidence.

Reduced heart rate responding to trauma reliving in trauma survivors with PTSD: correlates and consequences

The authors investigated whether heart rate (HR) responses to voluntary recall of trauma memories (a) are related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (b) predict recovery 6 months later. Sixty-two assault survivors completed a recall task modeled on imaginal reliving in the initial weeks postassault. Possible cognitive modulators of HR responsivity were assessed; dissociation, rumination, trauma memory disorganization. Individuals with PTSD showed a reduced HR response to reliving compared to those without PTSD, but reported greater distress. Notably, higher HR response but not self-reported distress during reliving predicted greater symptom reduction at follow-up in participants with PTSD. Engagement in rumination was the only cognitive factor that predicted lower HR response. The data are in contrast to studies using trauma reminders to trigger memories, which have found greater physiological reactivity in PTSD. The authors' observations are consistent with models of PTSD that highlight differences between cued or stimulus-driven retrieval and intentional trauma recall, and with E B. Foa and M.J. Kozak (1986) hypothesis that full activation of trauma memories facilitates emotional processing.

Posttraumatic stress disorder following assault: the role of cognitive processing, trauma memory, and appraisals

Two studies of assault victims examined the roles of (a) disorganized trauma memories in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), (b) peritraumatic cognitive processing in the development of problematic memories and PTSD, and (c) ongoing dissociation and negative appraisals of memories in maintaining symptomatology. In the cross-sectional study (n = 81), comparisons of current, past, and no-PTSD groups suggested that peritraumatic cognitive processing is related to the development of disorganized memories and PTSD. Ongoing dissociation and negative appraisals served to maintain PTSD symptoms. The prospective study (n = 73) replicated these findings longitudinally. Cognitive and memory assessments completed within 12-weeks postassault predicted 6-month symptoms. Assault severity measures explained 22% of symptom variance; measures of cognitive processing, memory disorganization, and appraisals increased prediction accuracy to 71%.

Queer sex in the metropolis? Place, subjectivity and the Second World War

The strong links between cities and queer culture and its expression have occupied numerous scholars, including Henning Bech and Matt Houlbrook. Indeed, London has been viewed as a focal point of British queer urban culture for over 200 years and, as this article demonstrates, the advent of the Second World War did not preclude this centrality but ensured that the city became a focal point for service personnel on leave. Yet, the emphasis placed on the metropolises in analysing space and queer expression has rendered invisible the use of more transient spaces outside of the city. This article seeks to examine these ‘alternative’ or opportunistic sites of expression, using oral testimony from queer men who served with the British Armed Forces during the Second World War. The memories of these servicemen and the significance they place on space/locations demonstrate the need to engage with subjective sites or ‘geographies’ of queerness both inside and outside of the city between 1939 and 1945.