Influência da absorção de umidade no comportamento mecânico nos compósitos poliméricos híbridos Kevlar/vidro quando imerso em água do mar e petróleo

The polymer matrix composite materials are being used on a large scale in the most different industrial fields such as aerospace, automotive, oil, among others, since the industrial perspectives is currently working with materials which have a good mechanical performance at high service life and cost / benefit. Thus, the determination of the mechanical properties is indispensable for the characterization of waste resulting in greater expansion of this type of material. Thus, this work will be obtained three plates laminated with tereftálica polymeric matrix reinforced by a bidirectional woven E-glass and kevlar both industrially made, where the plates are manufactured by manual lamination process (hand lay-up), all laminates have five enhancement layers, the first hybrid laminate will consist of bidirectional woven E-glass fiber, kevlar fiber interspersed with layers, is formed by the second bidirectional woven kevlar fiber at the ends of the laminate (two layers), and in the center the glass fiber fabric (three layers), the third plate is composed of only the bidirectional woven E-glass fiber. Then were prepared specimens (CP) by standard, to determine the mechanical properties of tensile and bending in three points. After fabrication of the specimens, they were immersed in oil and seawater. After that, there was a comparison of the mechanical properties for the test condition in the dry state. Showing that there was a considerable increase in the properties studied because the effect of hybridization in laminates.

Ateliê biográfico de formação profissional: prática socioeducativa em Escola Judicial

In recent decades, debates have intensified about (auto) biographical narratives as devices of socio-educational practices, aligned to the educational setting of the XXI century which have stimulated a new educational perspective woven with epistemological and methodological training throughout life. Towards that scenario, the continued training in Judicial School has occupied important space for constitutional effectiveness and, on the other hand, has grown the demands of expanding knowledge and enhancing training practices, in turn, judicial practices. The aim is to analyze the reflective Group through "Professional Training biographical Workshop" with Bailiffs such as socio-educational practices in socio Judicial School, in the city of Natal /RN. It has highlighted the questions that guided this study: 1. What paths of experiences and knowledge shared by the Law Officials, Federal Appraisers in "Professional Training biographical Workshop" as reflective Group? 2. How is organized the reflective Group as practice in socio-professional training setting? 3. What contributions narratives of themselves bring to the bailiff in reflective Group on Judicial School? The theoretical assumptions are supported in the lifelong training in methodological and epistemological dimension of (auto) biographical knowledge (JOSSO, 2008, 2010, 2012; PINEAU, 2005, 2006; DOMINICÉ, 2010; DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2006, 2008; FREIRE, 1987, 1996, 2001; PASSEGGI, 2008; 2010; 2011; 2012). In 2009, 09 (nine) civil servants in post of Federal Appraiser Justice Official, law graduates participated in this research through eight (08) "Biographical Workshops of Professional Training", consisting of biographical practices and scenarios, enabling oral and written narratives about a memory that has meaning, relationship and tessituras between files, facts and feelings that reveal the perception of self and other, as well as mobilize and weave the training process. The experiences of speaking, writing and reading were constituted of spaces that facilitating the reconstruction of the trajectory of training and career awareness-making, helping to re-signify labor relations and lead to their own professional design. From this study, the reflective properties of groups have emerged, consisting of Reflexivity, Experience, Historicity, Reversibility, dialog and formability processes, with paths to social and educational practices in which professionals identify the meaning and significance of self and of the profession that are exercising. The expectation is to continue with the spirit of research to emerge from the participants responses to training practices in Judicial School, aligned with the new knowledge of understanding the human being, not only an object of his work, but also a social subject, co-participant in the process of re-signifying life and work in a permanent way.

Anclaje, dinámicas e impactos territoriales de la cadena global de cítricos dulces en el nordeste argentino

El artículo analiza firmas insertas en circuitos globalizados de exportación de frutas frescas, así como la interfase empresas-territorios. Se focaliza en la producción argentina de cítricos dulces y particularmente en un espacio productivo, y se interesa por cómo se traduce la construcción de los circuitos globales en los espacios y actores locales. Para ello, desarrolla una tipología de empresas e indicadores de anclaje y recurre a una combinación de fuentes cuantitativas y cualitativas, con vistas a desentrañar la “caja negra” del comportamiento empresarial. Se concluye que existen diferentes grados de anclaje territorial y combinaciones variables de fijación y movilidad por parte de las empresas. La adopción de una modalidad de agricultura empresarial multilocalizada, orientada al aprovechamiento de las peculiaridades de los diferentes ambientes locales, conduce a la desarticulación de espacios en función de sus características productivas y de sus diversos contextos sociales e institucionales. De esta forma se promueve la conformación de agentes de características flexibles, transformando su reproducción en contingente.

How curvature-generating proteins build scaffolds on membrane nanotubes

Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain proteins control the curvature of lipid membranes in endocytosis, trafficking, cell motility, the formation of complex sub-cellular structures, and many other cellular phenomena. They form three-dimensional assemblies, which act as molecular scaffolds to reshape the membrane and alter its mechanical properties. It is unknown, however, how a protein scaffold forms and how BAR domains interact in these assemblies at protein densities relevant for a cell. In this work, we employ various experimental, theoretical and simulation approaches to explore how BAR proteins organize to form a scaffold on a membrane nanotube. By combining quantitative microscopy with analytical modeling, we demonstrate that a highly curving BAR protein endophilin nucleates its scaffolds at the ends of a membrane tube, contrary to a weaker curving protein centaurin, which binds evenly along the tube’s length. Our work implies that the nature of local protein-membrane interactions can affect the specific localization of proteins on membrane-remodeling sites. Furthermore, we show that amphipathic helices are dispensable in forming protein scaffolds. Finally, we explore a possible molecular structure of a BAR-domain scaffold using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Together with fluorescence microscopy, the simulations show that proteins need only to cover 30–40% of a tube’s surface to form a rigid assembly. Our work provides mechanical and structural insights into the way BAR proteins may sculpt the membrane as a high-order cooperative assembly in important biological processes. 

La loi applicable aux transferts de biens virtuels

Thèse réalisée en cotutelle avec l'université Paris1-Sorbonne

Exploring problem-framing through behavioural heuristics

Design for behaviour change aims to influence user behaviour, through design, for social or environmental benefit. Understanding and modelling human behaviour has thus come within the scope of designers’work, as in interaction design, service design and user experience design more generally. Diverse approaches to how to model users when seeking to influence behaviour can result in many possible strategies, but a major challenge for the field is matching appropriate design strategies to particular behaviours (Zachrisson & Boks, 2012). In this paper, we introduce and explore behavioural heuristics as a way of framing problem-solution pairs (Dorst & Cross, 2001) in terms of simple rules. These act as a ‘common language’ between insights from user research and design principles and techniques, and draw on ideas from human factors, behavioural economics, and decision research. We introduce the process via a case study on interaction with office heating systems, based on interviews with 16 people. This is followed by worked examples in the ‘other direction’, based on a workshop held at the Interaction ’12 conference, extracting heuristics from existing systems designed to influence user behaviour, to illustrate both ends of a possible design process using heuristics.

Exploring Perceptual Matters: A Textile-Based Approach

This research takes a practice-based approach to exploring perceptual matters that often go unnoticed in the context of everyday lived experience. My approach focuses on the experiential possibilities of knowledge emerging through artistic enquiry, and uses a variety of modes (like textiles, sound, physical computing, programming, video and text) to be conducted and communicated. It examines scholarship in line with the ecological theory of perception, and is particularly informed by neurobiological research on sensory integration as well as by cultural theories that examine the role of sensory appreciation in perception. Different processes contributing to our perceptual experience are examined through the development of a touch-sensitive, sound-generating rug and its application in an experimental context. Participants’ interaction with the rug and its sonic output allows an insight into how they make sense of multisensory information via observation of how they physically respond to it. In creating possibilities for observing the two ends of the perceptual process (sensory input and behavioural output), the rug provides a platform for the study of what is intangible to the observer (perceptual activity) through what can actually be observed (physical activity). My analysis focuses on video recordings of the experimental process and data reports obtained from the software used for the sound generating performance of the rug. Its findings suggest that attentional focus, active exploration, and past experience actively affect the ability to integrate multisensory information and are crucial parameters for the formation of a meaningful percept upon which to act. Although relational to the set experimental conditions and the specificities of the experimental group, these findings are in resonance with current cross-disciplinary discourse on perception, and indicate that art research can be incorporated into the wider arena of neurophysiological and behavioural research to expand its span of resources and methods.

Dynamique des ambiances lumineuses - approche basée sur la photométrie vidéo d’espaces de transition

Les variations de la lumière naturelle lors du passage d’un espace à un autre caractérisent de manière complexe, mais importante le design d’un bâtiment. Cette adaptation visuelle s’inscrit dans un processus spatiotemporel et influe sur le confort et le bien-être de ses occupants. La littérature fait état du peu de connaissances de la relation lumière espace-temps. Cette recherche propose donc d’étudier cette relation spatio-temporelle existant entre la lumière et l’espace, afin de qualifier un parcours architectural au moyen d’une expérimentation in situ et de segments filmiques. La recherche combine l’utilisation d’un luminance-mètre, d’une caméra vidéo et d’une méthode d’analyse d’images numériques afin de permettre l’évaluation des qualités spatio-temporelles de la lumière. Le parcours architectural est analysé selon la diversité et l’intensité des ambiances lumineuses en fonction du temps permettant de décrire les perceptions visuelles d’espaces transitions. Cette méthode dynamique offre un potentiel d’analyse et de création aux concepteurs désireux d’enrichir le design de séquences spatiales en favorisant la diversité lumineuse dans l’expérience architecturale. Mots clefs: adaptation visuelle, analyse d’images, ambiance lumineuse, contraste, éclairage naturel, espaces transitions, lumière perception visuelle, vidéo, spatio-temporel.

Território de Urbanização Difusa

A presente dissertação constitui o culminar do Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, da Universidade Fernando Pessoa – Porto. Tem como objeto de estudo a indústria em Território de Urbanização Difusa, sendo o objetivo maior a sua compreensão através, principalmente, da relação entre a dispersão industrial e as diretrizes de ocupação determinadas pelos planos de ordenamento do território, no contexto do concelho. Com este intuito foram analisadas quatro zonas que abrangem parte das freguesias de Gandra, Rebordosa, Lordelo, Vilela, Sobrosa e Duas Igrejas, localizadas no noroeste do concelho de Paredes, as quais se observaram num período cronológico delimitado entre 1947 e 2011. Trata-se de um território de grande complexidade onde existe uma multifuncionalidade de espaços. Caracteriza-se, fundamentalmente, por uma ocupação difusa/dispersa, tendo como suporte a rede de estradas e caminhos públicos em que a atividade industrial predomina nas mais diversas dimensões, desde as zonas industriais aquela inserida nos aglomerados residenciais de cariz familiar. Esta dispersão intensificou-se ao longo do séc. XX, com a fixação dispersa das indústrias que promoveram o desenvolvimento de um modelo de economia familiar que se reflete no território. A implementação do Planeamento formal, em finais desse século, virá estabelecer regras que ainda assim parecem insuficientes para controlar os aspetos mais negativos das opções individuais pré-plano. Na verdade, o atual modelo de implantação industrial levanta muitas preocupações no que concerne à preservação das estruturas “verdes”, podendo vir a comprometer, no futuro, a sustentabilidade ambiental e ecológica deste território. Será com algumas breves reflexões a este propósito, após repassar as questões principais do trabalho, que o terminaremos.

O projeto de arquitetura de espaços temporários com o uso de sistema construtivo remontável: um estudo exploratório

The purpose of this research is to study the portable or reassemblable architectures, which, different from conventional architecture (whose designs are of permanent buildings), corresponds to the designing of spaces with temporary purposes. The focus of the study is the architectural design of spaces that are produced from building systems that can to be moved to different places (process of assembly / disassembly / reassembly) in order to identify the types of spaces generated and the processes used in their design / projecting. The aim is to investigate relationships between the initial project conceived based on a Reassemblable Construction System (RCS) and its application in the architectural design of professionals and students in order to contribute to the understanding of the specificities of this type of design activity. To this end it was developed the exploratory research based on multimedia methods, which includes: documentary analysis, technical visits, interviews, surveys, academic exercise and documentation by images. Although the study is not conclusive, the results indicate significant differences between the point of view of the RCS´s designers and its users (architects and architecture students) since the users demonstrated to have some difficulty to access the features provided for the first group, in particular the students. It is also demonstrated that the use of RCSs seems to change the appreciation / hierarchization of the conditions of project design, since, unlike what happens in traditional architectural design, the designers who use them seem to be more concerned with constructive issues, especially the structural elements (support and covering), instead of functionality, aesthetics and even physical characteristics of the site

Putkien päittäishitsaaminen orbitaali-TIG-hitsauksella

Tämän kandidaatintyön tavoitteena oli esitellä orbitaali-TIG-hitsauksen käyttämistä putkien päittäishitsaamiseen. Työssä esitellään Suomesta saatavia orbitaali-TIG-laitteita ja TIG-hitsausprosessi pääperiaatteiltaan sekä prosessin käyttämistä orbitaalihitsaukseen. Myös orbitaali-TIG-hitsauksen tuottavuuteen ja laatuun liittyviä asioita käydään läpi. Suomesta saatavilla olevista laitteista valittiin toiminnallisten mittojen kannalta sopivimmat kandidaatintyötä varten suunniteltuun ripaputkilämmönvaihtimen hitsaukseen. Työ on pääasiallisesti tehty kirjallisuustutkimuksena käyttäen apuna orbitaalilaitteistojen valmistajien ja jälleenmyyjien haastatteluja. Kirjalliset lähteet koostuvat kotimaisesta ja kansainvälisestä hitsauksen alan kirjallisuudesta ja teksti on pyritty sitomaan yhteen käyttäen useaa eri lähdettä. Laitekohtaiset tiedot saatiin laitevalmistajien tuotetiedotteista ja sähköpostihaastatteluna laitteiden jälleenmyyjiltä ja laitevalmistajilta. Suomessa orbitaali-TIG-laitteita maahantuo ja jälleenmyy Masino Welding Oy ja Suomen Teknohaus Oy. Suomessa laitteita valmistaa Kemppi Oy, jonka orbitaalilaitteilla on useita jälleenmyyjiä. Masino Welding Oy myy saksalaisia Orbitalum GmbH:n laitteita ja Suomen Teknohaus Oy ranskalaisia Polysoude S.A.S.:n laitteita. Näiden laitevalmistajien joukosta suunnitellun ripaputkilämmönvaihtimen hitsaukseen soveltuu Orbitalumilta ja Polysoudelta yhdet sekä Kempiltä kaksi umpipihtimallista orbitaalihitsauspäätä. Orbitaali-TIG-hitsauslaitteissa virtalähteet ovat kehittyneet eniten vuosien aikana ja eri laitevalmistajien laitteistojen erot ovat pääasiassa virtalähteisiin liittyviä. Ripaputkilämmönvaihtimen hitsaamiseen sopivin hitsauspäämalli on umpipihti, sillä lämmönvaihtimen päädyt ovat hyvin ahtaita ja umpipihdit ovat orbitaalihitsauspäistä kaikkein kompakteimmat. Suomessa orbitaali-TIG-laitteita ei ole kauheasti tarjolla ja laitteiden markkinointi on jossain määrin kannattamatonta. Orbitaalihitsaus on kuitenkin varteenotettava vaihtoehto TIG-käsinhitsaukselle, jos hitsataan paljon samankaltaisia hitsejä.

Comunicação proxêmica: ações, reações e sensações de enfermeiros hospitalares

A comunicação proxêmica, dentre outros aspectos, compreende o estudo social dos espaços, das relações interpessoais e de todas as variáveis que dizem respeito à interação entre os seres humanos. É importante o estudo e a aplicação da comunicação proxêmica no cotidiano do trabalho de enfermeiros, para que esta seja compreendida e empregada de maneira producente no processo relacional dos trabalhadores em todos os momentos de sua prática, em especial, do cuidado. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Rio Grande (CEPAS), sob o número 23116.003684/2012-4, com o objetivo de analisar a comunicação proxêmica no trabalho de enfermeiros hospitalares. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, de cunho descritivo, onde a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de observações não participantes e entrevistas semipadronizadas com 10 enfermeiros da unidade de terapia intensiva e serviço de pronto atendimento de um hospital universitário no Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, mediante assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Os dados foram analisados através da Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo estabelecida por Mayring, de onde emergiram categorias apriorísticas provenientes dos fatores proxêmicos preconizados por Edward Hall: Postura-sexo, Eixo Sociofugo-Sociopeto, Fatores Cinestésicos ou Cinésicos, Comportamento de Contato, Código Visual, Código Térmico, Código Olfativo e Volume da Voz. Os dados foram interpretados a partir das concepções de Hall ( 16 de maio de 1914 – 20 de julho de 2009 †) e as ideias de diversos autores do universo científico. Este processo resultou em dois artigos. No primeiro artigo “A prática da comunicação proxêmica no manejo do cuidado no trabalho de enfermeiros hospitalares” percebeu-se que, embora os enfermeiros reconheçam a importância do toque, do contato físico, para a prestação de um cuidado holístico e humanizado, os fatores cinésicos/cinestésicos e comportamento de contato, estão associados à avaliação e ao diagnóstico. Com relação às questões térmicas e olfativas os profissionais omitem em suas reações os constrangimentos oriundos das sensações desagradáveis que o toque na pele ou os odores dos pacientes podem causar. Já no segundo artigo intitulado “A comunicação proxêmica na prática de enfermeiros hospitalares”, verificou-se que apenas um dos sujeitos do estudo não estabeleceu contato visual com o paciente. A maioria dos sujeitos empregou um tom de voz normal nas interações com os pacientes. O sexo não influenciou na postura dos interlocutores, como demonstrou o fator postura-sexo e as posições dos enfermeiros ao executar as tarefas diárias, entre face a face e lateralizada, e nenhum dos sujeitos posicionou-se de costas durante as interações, como pode-se perceber através do estudo do eixo sociofugo-sociopeto. O estudo também promoveu reflexões a respeito da comunicação proxêmica e da importância de sua incorporação ao trabalho dos enfermeiros.

Moro em edifício histórico, e agora?: avaliação pós-ocupação de habitações multifamiliares no Centro Histórico de São Luís -MA

The central question of the research if inserts in thematic current and of relevance for the studies in Preservation and a Conservation of Historical Centers. It analyzes the relations between habitacional use, satisfaction of the inhabitants and preservation of the patrimony constructed in the Historical Center of São Luis-MA It considers that the use is factor that makes possible the transformation of spaces in places , prioritizing the point of view of the user as essential element to the analysis of the reality and that enriches the evaluation technique of the functional and formal aspects of the constructed environment. It is looked to understand the relation man-environment, and mainly, to verify as it happens throughout the process of the occupation and of appropriation of historical buildings destined to habitacional reuse, and still if this appropriation favors the preservation of the Historical Center of São Luís

Mover/se(r) a gênese do corpo entre/corpos e seus trajetos no processo coreográfico

This paper proposes a reflection on the body between/bodies, especially in contemporary dance, in their path that starts from the choreographic construction, permeating the body of the choreographer, the dancer s body and when fulfills themselves as artistic expression, the body of the spectator. Initially discusses the body in dance as a body/space for convergence, connectedness and continuity, from the thought of the Greek philosopher Epicurus of Samos, in dialogue with the thought of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Gilles Deleuze and José Gil. Reflect about the creation of this body/space in the relationship choreographer/dancer using as connecting thread the experiences of the author in his artistic path. Finally describes the process of creating the scenic experiment (h)áporos, which constitutes the practice scene of this dissertation, having as main objective the creation of spaces of convergence and interaction between a proponent and an affluent body that, in this move, transforms itself and the space that now cohabits / is

Étude de la réparation des lésions induites par les UVs dans les extrémités chromosomiques de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Résumé : Les télomères sont des structures nucléoprotéiques spécialisées qui assurent la stabilité du génome en protégeant les extrémités chromosomiques. Afin d’empêcher des activités indésirables, la réparation des dommages à l’ADN doit être convenablement régulée au niveau des télomères. Pourtant, il existe peu d’études de la réparation des dommages induits par les ultraviolets (UVs) dans un contexte télomérique. Le mécanisme de réparation par excision de nucléotides (NER pour « Nucleotide Excision Repair ») permet d’éliminer les photoproduits. La NER est un mécanisme très bien conservé de la levure à l’humain. Elle est divisée en deux sous voies : une réparation globale du génome (GG-NER) et une réparation couplée à la transcription (TC-NER) plus rapide et plus efficace. Dans notre modèle d’étude, la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae, une forme compactée de la chromatine nommée plus fréquemment « hétérochromatine » a été décrite. Cette structure particulière est présente entre autres, au niveau des régions sous-télomériques des extrémités chromosomiques. La formation de cette chromatine particulière implique quatre protéines nommées Sir (« Silent Information Regulator »). Elle présente différentes marques épigénétiques dont l’effet est de réprimer la transcription. L’accès aux dommages par la machinerie de réparation est-il limité par cette chromatine compacte ? Nous avons donc étudié la réparation des lésions induites par les UVs dans différentes régions associées aux télomères, en absence ou en présence de protéines Sir. Nos données ont démontré une modulation de la NER par la chromatine, dépendante des nucléosomes stabilisés par les Sir, dans les régions sous-télomériques. La NER était moins efficace dans les extrémités chromosomiques que dans les régions plus proches du centromère. Cet effet était dépendant du complexe YKu de la coiffe télomérique, mais pas dépendant des protéines Sir. La transcription télomériques pourrait aider la réparation des photoproduits, par l’intermédiaire de la sous-voie de TC-NER, prévenant ainsi la formation de mutations dans les extrémités chromosomiques. Des ARN non codants nommés TERRA sont produits mais leur rôle n’est pas encore clair. Par nos analyses, nous avons confirmé que la transcription des TERRA faciliterait la NER dans les différentes régions sous-télomériques.