799 resultados para Avaliação de eficiência


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A avaliação do desempenho e a sua aplicação são, no actual enquadramento socioeconómico, cada vez mais necessárias, como forma de melhorar a eficácia e a eficiência entre as organizações. Para a prática profissional verifica-se que a implementação da avaliação de desempenho, apresenta lacunas que podem comprometê-la. Sabendo da importância do profissional para o sucesso da implementação da avaliação de desempenho, toma-se fundamental, analisar a sua percepção face ao modelo e sua implementação. O problema da instrução do presente estudo pretende saber quais as percepções dos técnicos de radiologia avaliados sujeitos ao modelo de avaliação de desempenho implantado no Hospital Curry Cabral. Tendo como objectivo ao nível da gestão, minimizar os obstáculos de implementação e maximizar os pontos fortes. Após pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os principais conceitos, foi definido domo objectivo da investigação empírica: - Comparar as percepções dos técnicos de radiologia submetidos ao modelo de avaliação desempenho ”Pró-Activo”. Recorrendo a uma metodologia exploratória e descritiva, estudámos o impacto dessas ferramentas utilizadas dentro da Unidade Hospitalar do estudo. A metodologia de recolha de informação aos profissionais expostos do estudo assentou em questionários de perguntas fechadas e abertas ambas com uma abordagem de carácter quantitativo. Para a análise e tratamento dos dados utilizou-se programas informáticos. As principais conclusões: verifica-se a falta de formação para todos os envolvidos, um processo desprovido de imparcialidade, neutralidade e rigor, bem como uma motivação geral dos profissionais em matéria de avaliação de desempenho. ABSTRACT - The evaluation of performance and its implementation are, in the current socioeconomic framing, each time more necessary as form to improve the effectiveness and the efficiency amidst the organizations. For the practical professional it is verified that the implementation of the performance evaluation, presents gaps that can compromise it. Knowing the importance of the individuals in the success of the implementation of the performance evaluation, it becomes basic to analyze its perceptions face to the model and its implementation. The problem of inquiry of this study pretends to know which the perceptions of the technicians of radiology evaluated and appraisers face to the models of evaluation of performance implanted in the Portuguese Hospitals (Hospital Curry Cabral). The purpose to the level of the management is to minimize the obstacles of implementation and to maximize the strong points. Bibliographical research on the main concepts was effectuated, after what we define the objectives of empirica inquiry: - To compare the perceptions of the radiology technicians subjected to models of performance evaluation “Pro-Activa”. Using an exploratory and descriptive approach, studied the impact of these tools used in the hospitals of the study. The methodology for collecting information to professionals out of the study based on questionnaires of both open and closed questions with a quantitative approach to nature. For analysis and data processing software was used. The main conclusions: there is the lack of training for all involved, a process devoid of impartiality, neutrality and accuracy, as well as a general motivation of the professionals regarding the evaluation of performance.

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Micronutrient deficiencies affect individuals mainly in developing countries, where vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem worldwide more worrying, especially in groups with increased physiological needs such as children and women of reproductive age. Vitamin A is supplied to the body through diet and has an important role in the visual process, cell differentiation, maintenance of epithelial tissue, reproductive and resistance to infection. The literature has demonstrated the relationship between vitamin A and diabetes, including gestational, leading to a risk to both mother and child. Gestational diabetes is any decrease in glucose tolerance of variable magnitude diagnosed each the first time during pregnancy, and may or may not persist after delivery. Insulin resistance during pregnancy is associated with placental hormones, as well as excess fat. Studies have shown that retinol transport protein produced in adipose tissue in high concentrations, this would be associated with resistance by interfering with insulin signaling. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the concentration of retinol in serum and colostrum from healthy and diabetic mothers in the immediate postpartum period. One hundred and nine parturient women were recruited, representing seventy-three healthy and thirty-six diabetic. Retinol was extracted and subsequently analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Among the results highlights the mothers with gestational diabetes were older than mothers healthy, had more children and a higher prevalence of cases of cesarean section. Fetal macrosomia was present in 1.4% of healthy parturient women and in 22.2% of diabetic mothers. The maternal serum retinol showed an average of 39.7 ± 12.5 mg/dL for healthy parturients 35.12 ± 15 mg/dL for diabetic and showed no statistical difference. It was observed that in the group of diabetic had 17% vitamin A deficiency, whereas in the healthy group, only 4% of the women were deficentes. Colostrum, the concentration of retinol in healthy was 131.3 ± 56.2 mg/dL and 125.3 ± 41.9 mg/dL in diabetic did not differ statistically. This concentration of retinol found in colostrum provides approximately 656.5 mg/day for infants born to healthy mothers and 626.5 mg/day for infants of diabetic mothers, based on a daily consumption of 500 mL of breast milk and need Vitamin A 400 mg/day, thus reaching the requirement of the infant. The diabetic mothers showed significant risk factors and complications related to gestational diabetes. Although no 11 difference was found in serum retinol concentration and colostrum among women with and without gestational diabetes, the individual analysis shows that parturients women with diabetes are 4.9 times more likely to develop vitamin A deficiency than healthy parturients. However, the supply of vitamin A to the newborn was not committed in the presence of gestational diabetes

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The Vitamin E consists of eight chemically homologous forms, designated alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols and tocotrienols. Biologically, the alpha-tocopherol (α-TOH) is the most important. Commercially, are found two types of α-TOH a natural (RRR-alpha-tocopherol) and another synthetic (all-rac-alpha-tocopherol). Both forms are absorbed in the intestine, the liver is a preference in favor of forms 2R, due to transfer protein α-TOH. It has higher affinity to these stereoisomers. Newborns are considered high risk for vitamin E deficiency, mainly premature, these have breast milk as a food source for maintenance of serum α-TOH. Clinical signs such as thrombocytosis, hemolytic anemia, retrolental fibroplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and spinocerebellar degeneration can be found in case of a low intake of α-TOH. Thus, maternal supplementation on postpartum with α-TOH can be an efficient way to increase levels of vitamin E in breast milk and thus the consequently increase the supply of micronutrient for the newborn. However, most studies with vitamin E supplementation have been conducted in animals and little is known about the effect of maternal supplementation in humans, as well as on its efficiency to increase levels of α-TOH in human milk, depending on the shape natural or synthetic. The study included 109 women, divided into three groups: control without supplementation (GC) (n=36), supplemented with natural capsule (GNAT) (n=40) and the synthetic capsule (GSINT) (n=33). Blood samples were collected for determination of maternal nutritional status, and colostrums at initial contact and after 24 hours post-supplementation. Analyses were performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Values of α-TOH in serum below 499.6mg/dL were considered deficient. We used the Kruskal-Wallis test and Tukey test to confirm the increase of alpha-tocopherol in milk and efficiency of administered capsules. Daily consumption of α-TOH was based on daily intake of 500 mL of colostrum by the newborn and compared with the nutritional requirement for children from 0 to 6 months of age, 4 mg / day. The mothers had mean concentration of serum α-TOH in 1016 ± 52, 1236 ± 51 and 1083 ± 61 mg / dL, in CG, GNAT and GSINT respectively. There were no women with deficiiency. The GC did not change the concentrations of α-TOH in colostrum. While women supplemented with natural and synthetic forms increased concentrations of α-TOH colostrum in 57.6% and 39%, respectively. By comparing supplemented groups, it was observed a significant difference (p=0.04), the natural capsule more efficient than the synthetic, approximately 49.6%. Individually, 21.1% of the women provided below 4mg/day of α-TOH, after supplementation for this index declined4.1%. Thus, maternal supplementation postpartum raised the levels of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum, and increased efficiency was observed with the natural form

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Algumas plantas são uma fonte natural de compostos bioativos, tais como polifenóis, vitaminas, carotenóides e ácidos gordos insaturados. Esta diversidade de biomoléculas permite a sua utilização em diversas áreas, especialmente como aditivos alimentares e ingredientes naturais para promoção da saúde. Estes fitoquímicos têm sido utilizados na industria farmacêutica, bem como na formulação de suplementos dietéticos, alimentos funcionais e nutracêuticos. No entanto, a utilização de matérias-primas de boa qualidade microbiológica é um dos requisitos essenciais na indútria, uma vez que os microrganismos podem contaminar o produto final, levando à sua deterioração. Assim, a irradiação é creditada para que a sua aplicação seja permitida em ingredientes secos, sendo cada vez mais reconhecida mundialmente, devido à eficiência na redução das perdas causadas por processos fisiológicos naturais (brotamento, maturação e envelhecimento), para eliminar ou reduzir microorganismos, parasitas e pragas, sem que ocorra qualquer alteração (química ou organoléptica) no alimento, tornando-o mais seguro para o consumidor [1-3]. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de diferentes doses de radiação gama e feixe de eletrões na composição química e bioatividade de várias plantas (Ginkgo biloba L., Melissa officinalis L., Melittis melissophyllum L., Mentha piperita L., Aloysia citrodora Palàu, Arenaria montana L. e Thymus vulgaris L.).

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The mothers supplementation of vitamin A in the postpartum comes being a measure of intervention sufficiently used in the combat to the vitamin deficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the mother megadose of vitamin A under the levels of retinol in colostrum of postpartum mothers receiving care at the Januário Cicco Maternity School (MEJC), Natal, RN, as well as analyzing the influence of the maternal nutritional status in the reply to this supplementation. The study it was transversal type, with participation of 91 women in labor divided in group had participated of the study have controlled (44 women) and supplemented group (47 women). In the period of the morning blood and milk had been collected (milk 0h). After that a capsule of retinil palmitate of (200 000 UI or 60 mg) was supplied to the supplemented group. Another aliquot of colostro was after gotten 24h of the first collection (milk 24h). Retinol in milk and serum was quantified through the High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. The vitamin ingestion was evaluated by the questionnaire of frequency of alimentary consumption. The levels of serum retinol were 40.6 ± 10.6 and 35.9 ± 10.9 µg/dL in the groups controlled and supplemented, respectively. The women had presented a satisfactory average ingestion of vitamin (1492,4 µgRAE/dia), however with high prevalence of inadequate consumption (23%). Average values of retinol in milk 0h had been found and 24h of 93.5 ± 50.3 µg/dL and 99.1 ± 49.3 µg/dL has the group controlled group, respectively (p>0.05). After the supplementation had a significant increase in the levels of retinol of the supplemented group, being found values of 102.0 ± 56.0 µg/dL and 196.1 ± 74.0 µg/dL for milk 0h and 24h, respectively (p<0.0001). The women in labor presented different answers to the supplementation influenced for the basal levels of retinol in colostrum. It was possible to verify that women with deficient levels of retinol in milk had transferred more retinol to milk 24h than ones with adjusted levels, showing a percentage of reply equivalent to 326.1% and 86.5% of increase, respectively (p< 0.0001). Although the apparent normality found in the serum, the studied women are considered of risk to the development of the vitamin deficiency, and megadose was efficient in first 24h after the supplementation and wakes up with the mechanisms considered for transference of vitamin A to the milk

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Chitosan is a natural polymer, biodegradable, nontoxic, high molecular weight derived from marine animals, insects and microorganisms. Oligomers of glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) have interesting biological activities, including antitumor effects, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant and others. The alternative proposed by this work was to study the viability of producing chitooligosaccharides using a crude enzymes extract produced by the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Hydrolysis of chitosan was carried out at different times, from 10 to 60 minutes to produce chitooligosaccharides with detection and quantification performed by High Performace Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The evaluation of cytotoxicity of chitosan oligomers was carried out in tumor cells (HepG2 and HeLa) and non-tumor (3T3). The cells were treated for 72 hours with the oligomers and cell viability investigated using the method of MTT. The production of chitosan oligomers was higher for 10 minutes of hydrolysis, with pentamers concentration of 0.15 mg/mL, but the hexamers, the molecules showing greater interest in biological properties, were observed only with 30 minutes of hydrolysis with a concentration of 0.004 mg/mL. A study to evaluate the biological activities of COS including cytotoxicity in tumor and normal cells and various tests in vitro antioxidant activity of pure chitosan oligomers and the mixture of oligomers produced by the crude enzyme was performed. Moreover, the compound with the highest cytotoxicity among the oligomers was pure glucosamine, with IC50 values of 0.30; 0.49; 0.44 mg/mL for HepG2 cells, HeLa and 3T3, respectively. Superoxide anion scavenging was the mainly antioxidant activity showed by the COS and oligomers. This activity was also depending on the oligomer composition in the chitosan hydrolysates. The oligomers produced by hydrolysis for 20 minutes was analyzed for the ability to inhibit tumor cells showing inhibition of proliferation only in HeLa cells, did not show any effect in HepG2 cells and fibroblast cells (3T3)

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The natural gas is an alternative source of energy which is found underground in porous and permeable rocks and being associated or not to the oil. Its basic composition includes methane, other hydrocarbon and compounds such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, sulphidric gas, mercaptans, water and solid particles. In this work, the dolomite mineral, a double carbonate of calcium and magnesium whose the chemical formula is CaMg(CO3)2, was evaluated as adsorbent material. The material was characterized by granulometric analysis, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, specific surface area, porosity, scanning electronic microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Then the material was functionalized with diethanolamine (dolomite+diethanolamine) and diisopropylamine (dolomite+diisopropylamine). The results indicated that the adsorbents presented appropriate physiochemical characteristics for H2S adsorption. The adsorption tests were accomplished in a system coupled to a gas chromatograph and the H2S monitoring in the output of the system was accomplished by a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD). The adsorbents presented a significant adsorption capacity. Among the analyzed adsorbents, the dolomite+diethanolamine presented the best capacity of adsorption. The breakthrough curves obtained proved the efficiency of this process

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On the aggravation of social problems and the shortage of resources, the improvement of evaluation methods and control of its application, requiring more efficiency, efficacy, effectiveness and participation in its management, has been growing. As a result, emerges the importance of studying and developing such methodologies. The overall goal of this dissertation is to know what are the difficults to incorporate the point of view of executers and beneficiaries in evaluation process. To do so, has been done a research characterized as qualitative, with a field strategy using the case study of two social projects called Petrobras Child Program, situated in the metropolitan region of Natal, and Content Analysis technique for analyze the data. The conclusions of this work can assist in improving the process of projects evaluation financed by Petrobras, contributing with its social role, besides the possibility of encouraging a greater participation of other society actors, such as beneficiaries, in the evaluation process

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In this present work, the conditions of displacements and the behaviors of the users are evaluated, face to the physical adequacies in accessibility in the inserted area in the central quadrilateral of the Quarter of Cidade Alta, in the City of Natal/RN, space clipping established by its great meaning historical and cultural. For this reason such area was a target of an integrated actions plan during the years of 1993 and 1998, with the implantation of part of the Project CIDADE SEM BARREIRAS (City without Barriers) and, later, the implementation of the Project CIDADE PARA TODOS's proposals (City for All), having as supports the constant Brazilian norms inserted into the NB9050/1994 and in the Municipal law number 4.090/92, effective ones in the period of the interventions. Considering that the carried through actions at the time were directed to the elimination of the architectural barriers to guarantee the right to go and to come, the research received a human universe formed by all the people in situation of displacement in the central area of the interventions in the quarter of the Cidade Alta, independently of their locomotive or sensorial conditions, emphasizing the aspects most excellent how much to the accessibility of the sidewalk, as promotional of mobility, integration and urban organization, as well as of the public squares of that one quadrilateral, conceived, originally, as spaces of aggregation and social inclusion. The work appealed to the direct comment and the gotten results had been collated with the ex port facto law and technique norms, of the year of 2004, and with the legal devices contained in the Federal Decree number 5.296/2004, as way to certify the levels of efficiency of these adaptations in that it says respect to the current conditions of demanded accessibility and urban mobility

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The ionic nitriding process presents some limitations related with the control of the thickness of the layer and its uniformity. Those limitations that happen during the process, are produced due to edge effects, damage caused by arcing arc and hollow cathode, mainly in pieces with complex geometry and under pressures in excess of 1 mbar. A new technique, denominated ASPN (active screen shapes nitriding) it has been used as alternative, for offering many advantages with respect to dc plasma conventional. The developed system presents a configuration in that the samples treated are surrounded by a large metal screen at high voltage cathodic potencials, (varying between 0 and 1200V) and currents up to 1 A. The sample is placed in floting potential or polarized at relatively lower bias voltages by an auxiliary source. As the plasma is not formed directly in the sample surface but in the metal screen, the mentioned effects are eliminated. This mechanism allows investigate ion of the transfer of nitrogen to the substrate. Optical and electronic microscopy are used to exam morphology and structure at the layer. X-ray difration for phase identification and microhardness to evaluate the efficiency of this process with respect to dc conventional nitriding

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As organizações em geral procuram alcançar objetivos, adotando estratégias que lhes permitam cumprir aquele desiderato com a máxima eficiência e eficácia. Os ramos das Forças Armadas procuram implementar a estratégia ao longo de um período que, face ao impacto das alterações entretanto verificadas, exige a capacidade para fazer ajustamentos àquela estratégia inicial. Nesse sentido, recorrem a ferramentas para avaliar o desempenho organizacional, que lhes permita saber qual o desempenho real e quais os ajustamentos necessários a fazer para alcançar esses objetivos. O objeto de estudo são as ferramentas de gestão estratégica utilizadas pelos ramos das Forças Armadas com o objetivo de analisar a sua pertinência, a sua eficiência na avaliação do desempenho organizacional e as diferenças relativamente ao Sistema Integrado de Gestão e Avaliação do Desempenho na Administração Pública (SIADAP). Seguiu-se uma estratégia de investigação qualitativa e um desenho de pesquisa comparativo, verificando-se que as ferramentas de gestão estratégica são pertinentes para a formulação e implementação da estratégia, são eficientes na avaliação do desempenho organizacional e diferenciam-se do SIADAP por integrarem a formulação, a implementação e a avaliação da estratégia segundo quatro perspetivas relevantes para o cumprimento da missão dos ramos das Forças Armadas. Abstract: The general organizations seek to achieve goals, adopting strategies that will enable them to fulfil that desideratum with maximum efficiency and effectiveness. The branches of the armed forces seek to implement the strategy over a period that address the impact of changes however checked, and it requires the ability to make adjustments to that initial strategy. In that sense, they use tools to assess organizational performance, enabling them to know what the actual performance and what adjustments needed to do to achieve those goals. The object of study are the strategic management tools used in the branches of the armed forces, with the aim of analysing their relevance, their effectiveness in assessing organizational performance and the differences from the Integrated Management and Performance Evaluation System in Public Administration (SIADAP). There was a qualitative research strategy and a comparative research design, verifying that the strategic management tools are relevant to the formulation and implementation of strategy, are effective in assessing organizational performance and differentiate SIADAP by integrating the formulation, implementation and evaluation of the strategy in four relevant perspectives to fulfil the mission of the branches of the armed forces.

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This research consists in studying the influence of the various type of construction systems of roofs with their energy efficiency as well as on the cost benefit for the commercial buildings on the temperatures condition of the city of Natal/RN. The main goal of this research is to analyze the cost benefit of the construction systems of roofs available on the market, taking into consideration the energy efficiency of the commercial buildings artificially air conditioned in order to be used by the projectors and to be adequated to the temperatures condition of the city of Natal/RN. The method of valuation of the cost benefit of roof systems consists in six steps: Features and simulation of the reference building; Analyze of sensitivity; Analyzes, features and simulation of alternatives of roof construction systems; Analyze of the cost of implementation; Analyze of the benefits of the alternatives comparing to the base case; And finally the analyze of the cost benefit. The model type chosen as reference was stores with pre molded buildings and system of roof with fiber ciment and ceiling . The thermal results showed the influence of the roof system on the energy efficiency of the building. The Final results of the simulations of the alternatives comes to a conclusion that the absortance is the variable that presents the best cost benefit relation and the reduction on the thermal transmittance still has limitations because of the high cost

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A integração agricultura pecuária consiste em uma alternativa promissora de produção, pelo aumento da eficiência de utilização de recursos naturais e a preservação do meio ambiente, além de cooperar com a segurança alimentar. Porém, para se obter sucesso em seu uso, a pastagem não deve estar em estádio avançado de degradação. Em áreas já degradadas, pode-se utilizar as Pseudomonas que são rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento. Neste trabalho, foram avaliados os efeitos decorrentes da exposição a P. putida em mamíferos e um invertebrado aquático como sistema teste para avaliação de risco da introdução desses agentes microbiológicos nessas áreas. Não foram encontrados sinais de patogenicidade e infectividade desses agentes microbianos utilizados como biorremediadores. Apesar disso, seria interessante a realização de testes adicionais a fim de garantir a inocuidade dos agentes bem como a sua segurança. Os protocolos empregados fornecem subsídios técnicos para gerenciar os possíveis riscos envolvidos na liberação e/ou uso do produto. Os resultados obtidos, além de sua aplicação na identificação de efeitos prejudiciais à saúde ambiental, poderão subsidiar e orientar avaliações P. putida por agências reguladoras, quanto ao seu uso comercial para fins de biorremediação.

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Nos dias de hoje, o mercado do Fitness está cada vez mais competitivo, em grande parte devido ao aumento da presença das grandes cadeias de ginásios. Com espaços de manobra cada vez menores, os pequenos ginásios têm de ter estratégias mais eficientes e eficazes para se manterem sustentáveis. Recorrendo ao Sistema Balance Scorecard, sistema que teve como base da sua criação conceitos como Avaliação e Definição de Objetivos, Comunicação, Motivação, Relações Humanas e Estratégia de Negócios, este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar se o mesmo poderia ser aplicado a uma pequena empresa, de modo a aferir a sua performance. Para a avaliação desta performance, o método de entrevista foi a principal fonte de dados. As informações recolhidas serviram de base para análises como a de SWOT ou a de Stakeholders que, no final, deram lugar ao Mapa Estratégico e Scorecard Estratégico. No final, foi possível verificar que organização estudada está muito aquém do seu potencial, em grande parte por falta de delineação e avaliação de objetivos. Assim, foi sugerido um possível reajuste estratégico e monitorização do mesmo de modo a que esta organização possa aumentar a sua eficácia e eficiência.

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This Masters Degree dissertation seeks to make a comparative study of internal air temperature data, simulated through the thermal computer application DesignBuilder 1.2, and data registered in loco through HOBO® Temp Data Logger, in a Social Housing Prototype (HIS), located at the Central Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte UFRN. The prototype was designed and built seeking strategies of thermal comfort recommended for the local climate where the study was carried out, and built with panels of cellular concrete by Construtora DoisA, a collaborator of research project REPESC Rede de Pesquisa em Eficiência Energética de Sistemas Construtivos (Research Network on Energy Efficiency of Construction Systems), an integral part of Habitare program. The methodology employed carefully examined the problem, reviewed the bibliography, analyzing the major aspects related to computer simulations for thermal performance of buildings, such as climate characterization of the region under study and users thermal comfort demands. The DesignBuilder 1.2 computer application was used as a simulation tool, and theoretical alterations were carried out in the prototype, then they were compared with the parameters of thermal comfort adopted, based on the area s current technical literature. Analyses of the comparative studies were performed through graphical outputs for a better understanding of air temperature amplitudes and thermal comfort conditions. The data used for the characterization of external air temperature were obtained from the Test Reference Year (TRY), defined for the study area (Natal-RN). Thus the author also performed comparative studies for TRY data registered in the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, at weather station Davis Precision Station, located at the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais INPE-CRN (National Institute of Space Research), in a neighboring area of UFRN s Central Campus. The conclusions observed from the comparative studies performed among computer simulations, and the local records obtained from the studied prototype, point out that the simulations performed in naturally ventilated buildings is quite a complex task, due to the applications limitations, mainly owed to the complexity of air flow phenomena, the influence of comfort conditions in the surrounding areas and climate records. Lastly, regarding the use of the application DesignBuilder 1.2 in the present study, one may conclude that it is a good tool for computer simulations. However, it needs some adjustments to improve reliability in its use. There is a need for continued research, considering the dedication of users to the prototype, as well as the thermal charges of the equipment, in order to check sensitivity